Showing posts with label - - - Places and power spots. Show all posts
Showing posts with label - - - Places and power spots. Show all posts

1/02/2017

Karasuyama Temple Town

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
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Karasuyama teramachi 烏山寺町 Karasuyama Temple Town

There are 26 temples in the area.
The area is called the Little Kyoto of Setagaya ward 世田谷の小京都.



からすやま寺町の歌 - The song of Karasuyama Temple Town
- reference source : www.youtube.com -

- quote -
The Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 brought a virtual tidal wave of displaced refugees, and a flotilla of temples as well. Setagaya’s population nearly doubled, and Teramachi, or “temple town,” near Chitose-Karasuyama, offered land on which 26 temples damaged in the quake were rebuilt.
A variety of Buddhist sects are represented, and one temple, Senkoji, sequesters the grave site of world-renowned ukiyo-e artist Kitagawa Utamaro.
The hush over the area is eerie beyond words.
- A wave to Setagaya
- source : Kit Nagamura / Japan Times -

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01 Myookooji 妙高寺 Myoko-ji
Nichiren Sect.

The temple moved to Karasuyama in 1927 after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. It retains a grave of the Mizuno family, the lord of the Yamagata domain. There are graves of 藤井右門 Fujii Umon, an advocate of the restoration of the Imperial rule, three Japanese-style painters: 速水御舟 Hayami Gyoshu (1894 - 1935),
今村紫紅 Imamura Shiko (1880 - 1916), 小村雪岱 Komura Settai (1887 - 1940), and 川之辺一朝 Kawanobe Itcho (1830 - 1910), a lacquer artist.
Myoko-ji HP : - reference source : myokozi.com -

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. 金剛山 Kongozan 悲願寺 Higan-Ji 多聞院 Tamon-In .
Nr. 03 of the Gofunai 御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 88 Henro Temples in Edo

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03 Joomanji 乗満寺 Joman-ji
Shinshu-otani School
The temple was originally located in Kaga and called Rinsho Temple. After moving to Setsu, Fushimi, Suruga then Edo, it changed its name to Joman Temple. It moved to Karasuyama in 1924. In the Edo period the temple had many patrons among 江戸期は幕臣関係の檀家 the vassals of the shogun.

04 Nyuurakuji 入楽寺 Nyuraku-ji
Shinshu-otani School
It was built in Hiramatsu-cho, Nihonbashi in 1648. After being moved to Matsuyama-cho, Asakusa, it was burnt down in the Great Kanto Earthquake. It moved to Karasuyama in 1927.

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05 Jooeiji 常栄寺 Joei-ji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School

The buildings were all burnt in the Great Kanto Earthquake except for the principal image and the necrology. It moved to Karasuyama from Tsukiji in 1924.
There are the remains of a foundation stone of 菊田伊州 Kikuta Ishu (1791 - 1852), a Japanese-style painter.
Joei-ji HP - reference source : joueiji.net-

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06 Genshooji 源正寺 Gensho-ji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School
The temple moved to Karasuyama from Tsukiji in 1932. They have metal tubs made by 藤原正次 Fujiwara Shoji,
a master of foundry in the Edo period, which were chosen as cultural assets.


07 Shinryuuji 幸龍寺 Shinryu-ji
Nichiren Sect.
The temple was originally built as a prayer hall for the Tokugawa family. It moved to Hamamatsu, Suruga, Yushima then Asakusa. It was damaged in the Great Kanto Earthquake. Its relocation to Karasuyama began in 1927 and was completed in 1940.

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08 Zonmyooji 存明寺 Zonmyo-ji
Shinshu-otani School

The temple was built at Sakurada-mon in the early Edo period. It moved to Azabu in the Meiji period, then to Karasuyama in 1927 after the 1923 earthquake. Teachings written by the chief priest are on display at the gate, and they are changed from time to time.
The temple features a dining facility for needy children, Zonmyōji Kodomo Shokudō - Cafeteria.
Zonmyo-ji HP : - reference source : zonmyoji.jp -

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09 Shoo-oo-in 稱往院 Shoo-in
Jodo Sect.
The temple was built in Yushima in 1596, then moved to Asakusa. It moved to Karasuyama in 1927 after the 1923 earthquake.

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source : tukitodora.exblog.jp

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10 Myooyuji 妙祐寺 Myoyu-ji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School


source : saiseki.net/specialties/temple13

The temple was built in Shibuya in 1625 with the statue of 阿弥陀如来 Amida Nyorai which was dug out from the ground. It moved to Karasuyama due to the construction of the Ginza Line in 1937 and the re-zoning plan in 1949.
They have a unique main building which was built in the Indian style.

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11 Soofukuji 宗福寺 Sofuku-ji
Jodo Sect.
The temple moved to Karasuyama from Nippori after the 1923 earthquake.

12 Eiryuuji 永隆寺 Eiryu-ji
Hokke Sect.
日義上人 Nichiyoshi, a holy priest who taught the game of go to Tokugawa Ieyasu, built the temple in Kanda. Daikoku, a stone statue as the temple’s treasure, was given to the temple by お万の方 O-Man, one of Ieyasu’s concubines. The temple moved to Yanaka, Honjo, then to Karasuyama in 1928 after the 1923 earthquake.
There is a grave of 三遊亭圓生 Sanyutei Ensho (1839 - 1900), a Rakugo comic storyteller who was designated as a living national treasure.

13 Jooinji 浄因寺 Join-ji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School
The temple used to retain a grave of the 福岡黒田藩士 Kuroda family, who were clansmen in Fukuoka. It moved from Azabu to Karasuyama in 1924.

14 Zengyooji 善行寺 Zengyo-ji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School
The temple was originally built around Yokoyama-cho, Chuo-ku in the early Edo period, then moved to Tsukiji due to the large fire in the Meireki period. It moved to Karasuyma after the 1923 earthquake.

15 Manpukuji 萬福寺 Manpuku-ji, Mampukuji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School
The temple was built in Hamacho in the early Edo period, then moved to Tsukiji during the Meireki period. It moved to Karasuyama after the 1923 earthquake.

16 Myoozenji 妙善寺 Myozen-ji
Jodo-shin Sect. Honganji School
北条家家臣菅原正円 Sugawara Shoen, a vassal of the Hojo family, was converted to Buddhism, became a pupil of Shinran and built a thatched cottage in Ise. It is said to have been the origin of the temple. It moved to Tsukiji near the fish market, where the priests were engaged in missionary work. So they have many believers among fish market workers. It moved to Karasuyama in 1927.

17 Myoojuuji 妙寿寺 Myoju-ji
Hokke Sect.
The temple was originally built in Yanaka. It moved to Honjo-sarue, then to Karasuyama in 1924 after the 1923 earthquake. There is a temple bell made by 藤原正次
Fujiwara Shoji, a master of foundry, which was partly burnt in the 1923 earthquake. The guest room was relocated from the former house of the 鍋島侯爵邸 Prince Nabeshima. 正隆廟 Shoryubyo, a hall to worship for future generations was newly built in 2000.

18 Senkooji 専光寺 Senko-ji
Jodo Sect.
The temple was originally built in Shinagawa, and moved to Bakurai-cho, then Asakusa. It moved to Karasuyama in 1927 after the 1923 earthquake. The main building and the monks’ living quarters were burnt due to the air raid in 1945. The main building was re-built in 1958. There is a grave of 喜多川歌麿 Kitagawa Utamaro (1753 - 1806), an ukiyo-e artist.

19 Eiganji 永願寺 Eigan-ji
Shinshu-otani School
越後の堀家家臣浄順 Jojun, a vassal of the Hori family in Echigo became a priest and built the temple in Kanda. It moved to Asakusa. The buildings were damaged by the 1923 earthquake, but its principle image Amida statue and the necrology were saved from the fire.

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20 Koogenin 高源院 Kogen-in
Rinzai Sect.

久留米藩有馬家 有馬頼元 Arima Yorimoto (1654 - 1705), the fourth lord of the Kurume domain, was converted to Buddhism and built the temple in Shinagawa. 怡渓和尚 Ikei, the first priest of the temple, mastered the tea ceremony. The Ikei division of the Ishikawa school still exists. The temple moved to Karasuyama in 1926. Its pond, Benten-ike, is known as a spot where wild ducks come and stay. In the center of the pond, there is a little shrine, 浮御堂 Ukigodo, which enshrines 宝生弁財天 Hosho Benzaiten.

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21 Genryooin 源良院 Genryo-in
Jodo Sect.
The temple moved to Karasuyama from Asakusa in 1925 due to the 1923 earthquake. It used to be a temple for trainee monks. It enshrines 火伏観世音 Hifuse Kanzeon Bosatsu, which was believed to protect the Edo towns from further damage from the fires.

22 Myooyooji 妙揚寺 Myoyo-ji
Nichiren Sect.
The temple moved to Karasuyama from Yanaka Imosaka in 1928.

23 Genshooji 玄照寺 Gensho-ji
Nichiren Sect.
日延上人 Nichien, a priest brought up by 加藤清正 Kato Kiyomasa, built the temple in Shiba Shirogane. It moved to Karasuyama in 1927. There is a grave of the 戸川 Togawa family of the Niwase domain and a statue of 鬼子母神 Kishibojin, the goddess of childbirth and children.

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24 Joofukuji 常福寺 Jofuku-ji
Kenpon-hokke Sect.

The temple was built in Asakusa in 1511, then moved to Karasuyama in 1928 due to the 1923 earthquake.
In the precincts there are porcelain 狸 Tanuki racoon dogs in all sizes, which symbolize wealth and happiness.
Jofuku-ji HP - reference source : joufukuji.com -

. Tanuki 狸 Badger, Racoon Dog .

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25 Junshooji 順正寺 Junsho-Ji
高柳山 With a statue of Amida Nyorai by 恵心僧都 priest Eshin Sozu (Heian period).

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26 Sairenji 西蓮寺 Sairen-ji
Shinshu-otani School

宗誓上人 Shusei, born into a samurai family, became a priest and built the temple in Sakurada-mon. It moved to Toranomon, Mita, then to Karasuyama in 1939.
There is also a unique temple gate with tsuijibei 築地塀 Tsuiji-style fence.
Sairen-ji HP : - reference source : sairen99.cocolog-nifty.com-

. tsuijibei 築地塀 Tsuiji fence - Introduction .

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Maps are available from Okubo Sekizai :
4-14-10, Minamikarasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo
- reference : ohkubo-sekizai.co.jp/teramachi/english



- reference : karasuyama teramachi -
- reference : 烏山 寺町 -
- reference : wikipedia -

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Setagaya ku 世田谷区 Setagaya ward .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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- - - - - #karasuyama #teramachi #templetown #edopilgrims - - - -
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1/01/2017

- BACKUP Shitamachi Pilgrimage

BACKUP  March 1, 2017

the original is here
https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2017/02/tokyo-shitamachi-pilgrimage.html














Tokyo Shitamachi Pilgrimage

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. Pilgrimages in Edo - Tokyo - Introduction .
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東京下町八社巡り Pilgrimage to 8 Shrines in Shitamachi

This pilgrimage has started in 1981.
There is a deity in each Shinto Shrine for a special purpose and wish.




- quote -
Shitamachi Tokyo old town
Shitamachi literally means "downtown" and is the place to experience a taste of the old town Tokyo atmosphere that existed before the economic miracle of the 1970's and 80's really took hold. The most famous district of Shitamachi is Asakusa. At its heart you find Senso-ji Temple, best known for the giant red lantern situated at the entrance. This is a great place to start any exploration of Tokyo.
- source : insidejapantours.com/experience-japan -




The pilgrimage is also called
Shitamachi Hachi Fukujin 下町八福神 Eight Shinto Deities of Good Luck in Shitamachi Shrines


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amulets for all purposes at the Tori no Ichi Market.

. 酉の市 Tori no Ichi Markets in Edo .


shoobai hanjoo 商売繁盛 Good business

Ootori Jinja 鷲神社 Otori Jinja
台東区千束3-18-7 -- 3 Chome-18-7 Senzoku, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
天日鷲命 Amenohiwashi no Mikoto, Ame no Hiwashi
日本武尊 Yamato Takeru no Mikoto




kakkome かっこめ Kakkome rake
kakkome is a pun with un o kakikomu 運をかき込む, to rake in good fortune
It contains the rake for farmers, a written amulet and an ear of rice, with the wish for a good harvest in the coming year. It is also good for business and a happy family.

- reference : hachifukujin829/ootori1 -


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縁結び Finding a partner

. 今戸神社 Imado Jinja .
台東区今戸1-5-22 -- 1 Chome-5-22 Imado, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
伊弉諾尊 Izanagi no Mikoto // 伊弉冉尊 Izanami no Mikoto
應神天皇 Oojin Tenno


Famous for the story of the manekineko 招き猫 "Beckoning Cat"



- reference : hachifukujin829/imado1 -

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健康長寿 Long and healthy life

第六天榊神社 Dairokuten Sakaki Jinja
台東区蔵前1-4-3 -- 1 Chome-4-3 Kuramae, Taitō wear

----- Deities in residence :
天神第六代坐榊皇大御神
Amatsukami Mutsu no Miyo ni ataritamau Sakaki no Sume Oomikami
面足尊 Omodaru no Mikoto
惶根尊 Kashikone no Mikoto


- reference : hachifukujin829/sakaki1 -



The temple used to be called 第六天神宮 Dairokuten Jingu, and was renamed in 1873 to 榊神社 Sakaki Jinja.

. Dairokuten Ma-O 第六天魔王 .


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円満和合 Happy couple

下谷神社 Shitaya Jinja
台東区東上野3-29-8 -- 3 Chome-29-8 Higashiueno, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
大年神 Ootoshi no Kami
日本武尊 Yamato Takeru no Mikoto



- reference : hachifukujin829/sitaya1 -

The Deity of Fertility in enshrined here. The Shrine was founded in 730 in Ueno park, and moved to another place in 1672. The final location to Higashi Ueno was done in 1703. The main event is the Grand Annual Festival, Reitaisai.



- further reference -

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学問芸能 Learning and progress in the arts

. Onoterusaki jinja 小野照崎神社 .
台東区下谷2-13-14 -- 2 Chome-13-14 Shitaya, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
小野篁命 Ono no Takamura
菅原道真命 Sugawara Michizane




- reference : hachifukujin829/onoteru1 -

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安産子授け Getting pregnant and easy birth

. Suitengu 水天宮 Shrine for the Water God .
中央区日本橋蛎殻町2-4-1 -- 2 Chome-4-1 Nihonbashi Kakigarachō, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
天御中主大神 Ame no Minakanushi no Ookami
安徳天皇 Antoku Tenno and his mother, 建礼門院 Kenreimon-In
二位ノ尼 Nii no Ama - Taira no Tokiko (1126 - 1185)




- reference : hachifukujin829/suitengu1 -

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強運厄除け Avoiding disaster

小網神社 Koami Jinja
中央区日本橋小網町16-23 -- 16-23 Nihonbashi Koamichō, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
倉稲魂命 Ukanomitama no Mikoto (Uganomitama) / 稲荷大神 Inari Ookami
市杵島姫命 Ichikishima Hime no Mikoto / 辨財天 Benzaiten




- reference : hachifukujin829/koami1 -

- quote -
- History -
A long time ago, the monk 恵心僧都 源信 Eshin Sozu Genshin Eshin Sōzu Genshin lived here in a hermitage, worshipping the Buddhist goddesses Kannon and Benzaiten. It is not known, when exactly the hermitage was built, but it is assumed that the monk lived here about 1000 years ago.
As a plague spread here in 1466, an old net-weaver came here and brought rice-ears that entangled in one of his nets as offering and decided to stay for a few days. Then, one night, Eshin Sōzu appeared to the abbot of temple in a dream and told him, that this old man in fact was the god Inari and that the plague could be taken away if they worshipped him adequately.
The next day, the old man was gone. However, the abbot remembered the advice and prayed to the god – which he now called Koami Inari Daimyōjin (Inari of the small net) – day and night. After a little while the plague was gone and the people could live in peace again. The overlord the region, Ōta no Dōkan, also heard of this miracle and donated a part of his fiefdom to shrine. At the end of the 16th Century then, the area around the shrine was also named Koami and the shrine itself was beginning to be worshipped as a tutelary god.
In the Meiji-period (1868-1912) the state pursued a separation of Shinto and Buddhism, which both had moulded into a syncretic belief during the prior one-thousand years, and so the Koami Inari Shrine was officially registered as a shinto village shrine. The building as we can see it today was built in the 1920ies under the direction of Naitō Komasaburō, who also assisted the building of the Meiji-Shrine. Spared from the destruction of World War II, the shrine nowadays is the only wooden building made out of cypress wood in Nihonbashi. The wooden carvings of two dragons (one ascending, the other one descending) on the porch roof of the main hall symbolize luck and the shrine – now simply called Koami Shrine – stays an important cultural heritage, as which it is registered in the Chūō-district.
- The goddess of luck -
Having been spared from destruction and continuously being linked to health and safety the goddess of the shrine is seen as a god of luck. For instance, all the sons of the families who lived in the shrine, returned home safely from World War II. The shrine also survived the numerous bombings of Tokyo in 1945 and did not – like so many others did unfortunately – burn down completely. However, the building was destroyed once during the Great Kantō Earthquake in 1923, although the abbot of the shrine was able to secure most parts of the sanctuary by bringing them to Shin-ohashi. It is also said, that those people who sought shelter there, have survived the aftermath of the earthquake.
Today a memorial stone reminds us of this episode with an inscription saying:
„Praying to the sanctuary of the Koami Shrine, we seek the goddesses’ protection!“
- The History of the goddess Benzaiten -
At First the goddess Benzaiten was honoured in the Manpukuji temple. Then, as the Meiji-government sought to separate Buddhism from Shintoism and installed the latter as a state religion, the Buddhist temple was destroyed and the goddess Benzaiten was transferred to this shrine in 1869. The image here shows the goddess Benzaiten sitting in a boat.
Every year on October 28th a festivity is celebrated in honour of the goddess, where the sacrificial offerings, which are piled up in front of the altar, later on are raffled to the visitors.
Besides that, there is also a small well (named Zeni-arai-no-i), whose water is said to have the power to multiply the money that is washed with its water.
- Important annual festivities and rituals -
- Doburoku Festival -
- Mimizuku-Charms -



- Pilgrimages -
Every year there are pilgrimages to the eight surrounding shrines in Tokyo-Shitamachi and
the temples and shrines of the seven gods of luck in Nihonbashi from January 1th to 7th.
In our shrine we worship the gods Fukurokuju and Benzaiten, which are said to ward of the evil and shape our fate positively. On this occasion we sell popular images of the gods of luck, as well as charms in the form of miniature ships.
- source and photos : koamijinja.or.jp/international -

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交通安全 Traffic safety

住吉神社 Sumiyoshi Jinja
中央区佃1-1-14 -- 1 Chome-1-14 Tsukuda, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
底筒之男命 Sokozutsu no O no Mikoto
中筒之男命 Nakazutsu no O no Mikoto
表筒之男命 Uwazutsu no O no Mikoto
息長足姫命 Okinagatarashi Hime no Mikoto .
徳川家康 Tokugawa Ieyasu


- reference : hachifukujin829/sumiyosi1 -



. Sumiyoshi Shrines of Japan 住吉神社 .
Sumiyoshi Sanjin 住吉三神 Three Deities of Sumiyoshi


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At the end of the pilgrimage, you get a board with eight stamps.





- HP of the Pilgrimage
下町八社会公式ホームページ
- reference source : geocities.jp/hachifukujin829 -


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. Shichifukujin 七福神 Seven Gods of Good Luck .
- venerated in Buddhist Temples
Benten 弁天
Bishamonten 毘沙門天
Daikoku 大黒
Ebisu 恵比寿
Fukurokujuu 福禄寿
Hotei 布袋
Juroojin 寿老人


隅田川七福神 Sumidagawa / 亀戸七福神 Kameido / 柴又七福神 Shibamata and many more


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. - - - - - . kami 神 Shinto deities - LIST . - - - - - .

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .  



. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- - - #tokyoshitamachipilgrimage #tokyoshitamachi #shitamachipilgrims #shishifukujin - - - - -
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11/18/2016

Gakumonjo Academies

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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gakumonjo 学問所 Academies of Higher Learning
hankoo 藩黌 / 藩校 -- hangaku 藩学 - Hanko, domain schools, fief schools


. Hayashi Razan 林羅山 (1583 – 1657) .
Introducing Neo-Confucianism in the Edo period

He founded the
. Yushima Seidoo, Yushima Seidō 湯島聖堂 Yushima Seido Bakufu School .

During the Edo period, many domains founded their own places of learning,
some of them later turned to Universities or High Schools.

The main subjects were kangaku 漢学 Chinese and Confucian Studies, kokugaku 国学 National Learning, and eventually yoogaku /yôgaku 洋学 Western Learning (rangaku 蘭学 "Dutch Learning").

儒学の祖 学問の神 The Confucian God of Learning




- - - - - - - - - - List of the most important schools - - - - - - - - - -

Gakushukan 学習館 Kishu
Jishukan 時習館 Kumamoto
Kodokan 弘道館 Mito
Kodokan 弘道館 Saga
Kojokan 興譲館 Yonezawa
Meirindo 明倫堂 Kanazawa
Meirindo 明倫堂 Owari

. Meirinkan 萩明倫館 Hagi .
Nisshinkan 日進館 Aizu
. Shizutani Gakko 閑谷学校 Okayama .
Shoheizaka Gakumonjo 昌平坂学問所 Edo
. Tooju shoin 藤樹書院 Toju Private School - Shiga .
founded by Nakae Tōju 中江藤樹 Nakae Toju (1608 – 1648)
Yokendo 養賢堂 Sendai
Zoshikan 造士館 Satsuma


- quote -
Samurai of the respective fiefs were required to attend these schools and toward the end of the Edo period
an increasing number of commoners were granted admittance.
A graded system for curricula developed and subjects relating to Western learning were added.
- more about the Japanese education system
- source : edux.pjwstk.edu.pl/mat -


- - - - - The oldest academic institution in Japan is the
. Ashikaga Gakkō 足利学校 Ashikaga Gakko - Tochigi .
founded ca. 832 by Ono no Takamura 小野篁.

Apart from the Samurai schools, there were institutions for the common people:
. terakoya 寺子屋  "temple school", private school .

. rangaku 蘭學 / 蘭学 "Dutch learning", Western learning .

. bunbu ryoodoo 文武両道 Bunbu Ryodo. .
"The Dual Path of Cultural and Martial Arts,"
A real samurai had to be well educated, but also strong in the martial arts.
budookan 武道館 Budokan Hall to practise martial arts (Budo, the Way of the Bushi Samurai)

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- - - - - ABC-List - - - - -

Gakuushukan 学習館 Gakushukan
Founded in 1635 in the Kishu Domain, Wakayama.



During the reign of Shogun Yoshimune (who came from Wakayama), even common people were allowed to attend and the school had about 180 students.
In 1792, its head master was Motoori Norinaga.
In 1804, it was moved to Matsusaka town and renamed 松坂学問所 Matsusaka Gakumonjo.
In 1866, it war renamed 学習館文武場 Gakushukan Bunbujo and had about 600 students.
There are no remains of the buildings any more.

. Motoori Norinaga 本居宣長 (1730 - 1801) .
prominent Kokugakusha. Born in Matsusaka.

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Jishuukan, Jishūkan 時習館 Jishukan
"study and at times learn"
Kumamoto 熊本
active between 1755 and 1870.
Founded by Hosokawa Shigekata 細川重賢 (1721 - 1785)
The first president was 秋山玉山 Akiyama Gyokuzan (1702 - 1764).
Famous students were Yokoi Shonan, Inoue Kowashi and Kitasato Shibasaburo.

- Other Jishūkan schools were built in
Mikawa Yoshida Han, Tahara Han, Kasama Han, Daiseiji Han and Sakurai Han.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Koodookan 弘道館 Kodokan - 水戸 Mito 



- quote -
The Kōdōkan (弘道館) was the largest han school in the Edo period. Located in Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture,
founded in 1841 by Tokugawa Nariaki,
- source : wikipedia -

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Koodookan 弘道館 Kodokan -  佐賀 Saga

Founded in 1781 by Lord 鍋島治茂 Nabeshima Harushige (1745 - 1805).
The first head master was the Confucian scholar 古賀精里 Koga Seiri (1750 - 1817).
Harushige also invited 石井鶴山 Ishii Kakuzan (1744 - 1790) from Kagoshima and famous scholars from other domains.

Lord 鍋島直正 Nabeshima Naomasa (1815 - 1871) improved the facility to educate future leaders of the Saga domain, introducing new technologies, especially new weapons from the West.
He also founded the 蒙養舎, where young Samurai children below the age of 15 were educated.



A memorial stone reminds of the school.

The third of the famous Kodokan schools was in 但馬 Tajima.


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Koojookan 興譲館 Kojokan



Founded by Lord 上杉治憲 Uesugi Yozan in 米沢 Yonezawa, now Yamagata prefecture. He resurrected the Gakumonjo of his father, 上杉綱憲 Uesugi Tsunanori (1663 - 1704).
The teachers were Confucian scholars.
In 1775, 吉江輔長 became head master.

It is now the site of 山形県立米沢興譲館高等学校 the famous Yonezawa High Schoo.
- reference : Yonezawa Kojokan High School -

. Uesugi Yoozan Harunori 上杉鷹山 治憲 Uesugi Yozan (1751 - 1822) .
... he is best remembered for his financial reforms, and he is often cited as an example of a good governor of a domain.

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Meirindoo 明倫堂 Meirindo - 金沢 Kanazawa
加賀金沢藩 Kaga Kanazawa Han Domain



Built in 1792 by Lord 前田治脩 Maeda Harunaga (1754 - 1810).
The first head master was the Confucian scholar 新井白蛾 Arai Hakuga (1715 - 1792).
The first building was in the South-West of park 兼六園 Kenraku-En, but in 1822 it was relocated to the district 仙石町 Sengokumachi.
It had a long corridor between the Southern and Northern buildings and also the hall 経武館 Keibukan a hall for martial arts.
It had about 300 students of all social positions and various ranks of teachers.
Special subjects were astronomy and herbal medicine.

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Meirindoo Meirindo 明倫堂 Meirindo - 尾張 Owari
名古屋 Nagoya, 愛知県 Aichi



Founded in 1749 and reformed in 1782 by Lord 徳川宗睦 Tokugawa Munechika (1733 - 1800).
The first head master was 細井平洲 Hosoi Heishu (1728 - 1801), followed by 岡田新川 Okada Shinsen (1737 - 1799)、石川香山 Ishikawa Kozan (1736 - 1810)、冢田大峯 Tsukada Taiho (1745 - 1832)、細野要斎 Hosono Yosai (1811 - 1878) and other Confucian scholars.
The school was open not only for Samurai children, but all who wanted to study.
In 1871 the school was abolished. Later in 1875 its remains were brought to the Nagoya castle.
Now it is the site of 愛知県立明和高等学校 the Aichi school.

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Meirindo 明倫堂 in the following domains:

久米村 Kumemura, Okinawa (1718)
小諸藩 Komoro、上田藩 Ueda、高鍋藩 Takanabe、新庄藩 Shinjo、大洲藩 Ozu and 安志藩 Anji.

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Nisshinkan 日進館 Aizu Wakamatsu
Aizu hankoo. Aizu hankō 会津藩校 Old Aizu clan school




The Samurai school of the Aizu domain was built in 1803 by 松平容頌 Matsudaira Katanobu (1744 - 1805), the fifth Lord of the Aizu Matsudaira Clan. Samurai boys from the age of 10 years had to attend it. Katanobu also introduced other reforms in the Aizu domain, making agriculture, commerce and industry the main pillars.
At that time there were about 300 domain schools in Japan and Nisshinkan had a very good reputation. Many members of the Byakko-tai studied at Nisshinkan.
Medicine, astronomy, literary and military arts were taught based on the principles of Confucianism. Otherfacilities for the students included an observatory, a printing office, a large library and a swimming pool. The students were also taught Samurai etiquette, from table manners to ritual suicide (harakiri).
The present-day Nisshinkan is reconstructed.
- reference : aizu nisshinkan-


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Shooheizaka Gakumonjo 昌平坂学問所 Shoheizaka Gakumonjo
Shooheikoo 昌平黌 Shoheiko




- quote -
(1)Education within Samurai Families
The samurai families of the Edo period not only used education to stabilize their own position but also came to further the cause of learning, especially through the systematized teaching of literary studies. Initially, the fief lords (daimyo), in order to further their own personal cultivation and, in turn, to maintain control of their fief governments, summoned Confucian scholars and military specialists (heigakusha) to conduct lectures which their chief vassals were required to attend. The fief lords also encouraged learning for the lesser vassals and urged the cultivation of literary accomplishments along with the practice of martial arts. Learning during this period, being based upon Shogunal policy, was thoroughly imbued with Confucian thought. Samurai families originally availed themselves of the services of priests in Buddhist temples for their education. But by the Edo period, this class began to employ Confucian scholars to act as preceptors in fief schools they founded in the castle towns. During the early days of the Edo period, only a few fiefs had established fief schools but from about the middle of this period onward the spread of such institutions increased rapidly, culminating in a total of some 270 schools at the end of the period.

The Shoheizaka Gakumonjo, alternately called the Shoheiko, under the direct control of the Shogunate at Edo, became the highest seat of learning in its time as well as a model for all the other fief schools, The original institution was the training center of the Confucian temple (koshibyo) which had been established on a site at Ueno in Edo by a Confucian scholar of the Chu Hsi school, Hayashi Razan (1583-1657), under the auspices of the Shogunal government. Later this was relocated at Yushima, where an Athenaeum was constructed known as the Yushima Temple. This school started first as a semiprivate, semigovernmental organization under the protection of the Shogunate. It was not long, however before the government recognized the necessity of direct control over these educational facilities and in 1797 the school was brought under the immediate supervision of the central authorities.

The school prospered from that time not only as the nucleus of education for the Shogunate but as the highest center of learning in the nation as well, a position it maintained until the decline of the Shogunate's authority and the development of Western learning. During the Edo period, this school acted as a model for other fief schools. Many fief governments established their fief schools along this model and also sent their brightest youths there for training. Many of those who completed their studies at the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo were engaged at fief schools as Confucian scholars. Thus besides enjoying the highest scholastic reputation in the land, the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo also served as a training ground for instructors assuming positions in fief schools. In addition to the Chinese-oriented Shoheizaka Gakumonjo, other government institutions included the National Learning-oriented Wagaku Kodanjo and the Igakukan which was devoted to the study of traditional Chinese medicine. Toward the end of Edo period, various centers for the study of Western learning were also established as we shall see below.

Many schools which originally had been private institutions for Chinese studies (kangakujuku) came under the control of the fiefs and were enlarged and reorganized to form fief schools. Their curriculum was gradually expanded - in addition to Chinese studies National Learning and other subjects were introduced and toward the end of the Edo period Western learning and medicine were also offered. At the same time, the trend toward military subjects grew more pronounced, and thus in the fief schools there arose a special relationship between literary studies and martial arts.

By the close of the Shogunate the fief schools provided a comprehensive education for the samurai class. Instruction was centered about Chinese classics. This meant studies in Confucian doctrine and the history and literature of China. Elementary classes used the Primer of Chinese Characters (Senjimon) for practicing calligraphy and the Brief History of Japan (Sanjikyo) for practice in reading. Other elementary textbooks that were frequently used included the Book of Filial Piety (Kokyo), the Book of Manners (Shogaku), and the Collection of Chu Hsi's Sayings.
Others were the Four Books (Shisho):
1) Great Learning (Daigaku), 2) Doctrine of the Mean (Chuyo), 3) Confucian Analects (Rongo), and 4) Sayings of Mencius (Moshi);
and the Five Canons (Gokyo):
1) Book of Changes (Ekikyo); 2) Book of Odes (Shikyo); 3) Book of Annals (Shokyo), 4) Spring and Autumn (Shunju), and 5) Record of Rites (Raiki).

Hayashi Nobuatsu (1644-1732), a grand son of Hayashi Razan and also a Confucian scholar of the Chu Hsi school, was appointed by the government as Rector of the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo (Daigakunokami) and from that time on the successive heads of the Hayashi family were appointed to that post until the fall of the Shogunate, making the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo a vehicle for the ascendance of Chu Hsi Confucianism. At the same time various other schools of Confucian thought developed during the early Edo period and quite a few government officials were members of schools other than Chu Hsi. However in 1790 the teaching of other schools of Confucianism was banned, and Chu Hsi was officially accepted as the orthodoxy. .....
- source : Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology -

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Yookendoo, Yōkendō 養賢堂 Yokendo
also called - 明倫館 Meirinkan
Sendai-han 仙台藩 Sendai Domain



It started with a school built by Lord 伊達吉村 Date Yoshimura (1680 - 1752) in 1736 in the compound of the 武沢家屋敷 Takezawa family.

In 1772 the school was named Yokendo.
In 1799 養賢堂文庫 Yokendo Bunko (Yokendo Library) was established.
Since 1821 Rangaku "Dutch Learning" was taught by
Sasaku Chutaku (1790 - 1846), student of Otsuki Gentaku
Ozeki Sanei (1787 - 1839) and others.

Since 1760 medicine was taught ant in 1822 the
Igakkan 医学館 Sendai Fief Medical School was established as a separate building in 百騎丁 (now 東二番丁).
In 1871 this institurion was abolished.


- quote -
Otsuki Gentaku 大槻玄沢 (1757 - 1827)
His 1799 Ransetsu benwaku (蘭説弁惑, "Clarifying Errors in Theories about the Dutch") was perhaps the first major Japanese work to assert that Africans were "no different from the rest of mankind," and that they were not, on the whole, as a group, less intelligent or otherwise of inherently lower birth, but rather that Africans, like anyone else, included "the noble and the lowly, ... the wise and the foolish."
This text was also among those which challenged the prevailing notion that dark skin came from extended contact with the water (and that blacks were particularly adept at swimming), suggesting instead that their dark skin derived from their hot, southerly climate, and from lengthy exposure to the sun.
Along with Shimura Hiroyuki,
Ôtsuki produced in 1807 a set of interviews called Kankai ibun, which recorded the experiences of a group of Japanese castaways who had seen the Atlantic, the Straits of Magellan, and Hawaii.
- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com/index -

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Zooshikan, Zôshikan 造士館 Zoshikan
from 1773 - 1877


source : d.hatena.ne.jp/supernil

- quote -
The Zôshikan was a domain school established in Kagoshima by
島津重豪 Shimazu Shigehide in 1773.
The school covered some 3,350 tsubo, and included lecture halls, a small shrine called the Senseiden, and lodgings for samurai students who came from outside of the city. Tachibana Nankei, a scholar from Kyoto who visited Kagoshima in 1782-1783, wrote that it was large and beautiful, the best in the realm (i.e. in all of Japan).

As a result of succession disputes within the Shimazu clan in 1808-1809 (eventually ending in Shimazu Narinobu abdicating in favor of Shimazu Narioki), the curriculum of the school departed from its earlier purposes of training men for service. Shimazu Nariakira later lamented this change, and took steps to revive the quality of education at the school.

In 1869, the school was renamed Hongakkô (lit. "Main School"), and came to simply accept all students who completed elementary school. Studies were divided chiefly into Chinese Studies (kangaku), National Learning (kokugaku), and Western Learning (yôgaku). The school was completely destroyed in the Satsuma Rebellion of 1877.
- source : samurai-archives.com -


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- reference -
List of the Hanko domain schools from North to South
江戸学問所 Edo gakumonjo
内容や規模は多様だが、藩士の子弟は皆強制的に入学させられた。
各地の藩校
江戸幕府 Edo Bakufu Schools
昌平坂学問所(1797年)→ 東京大学 - Shoheizaka Gakumonjo
教諭所(江戸麹町)(1791年)- Kyogujo
教諭所(美作国久世)(1791年)→典学館(1796年)- Kyogujo
敬業館(備中国笠岡)(1797年)- Keigyokan
遷善館(武蔵国久喜)(1803年)- Senzenkan
倉敷教諭所明倫館(備中国倉敷)(1834年)- Meirinkan
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



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. terakoya 寺子屋  "temple school", private school .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #gakumonjo - - - -
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11/02/2016

ensoku excursions

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
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ensoku 遠足 excursion, day trip and guidebooks

Taking a day off to enjoy nature was popular in Edo.
Taking along some food and sake to enhance the joy of being with friends and family.

. WKD - ensoku 遠足 (えんそく) excursion .
kigo for spring and 秋の遠足 aki no ensoku, kigo for autumn.

- - - - - There were some guide books:

. Edo Meisho Zue 江戸名所図会, “Guide to famous Edo sites” .
and
Edo Meisho Hanagoyomi 江戸名所花暦 Flower Calendar of Famous Places in Edo

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Edo no gaidobukku 江戸のガイドブック Guidebooks for Edo

- quote -
In Edo, books introducing meisho (famous places), meiten (famous shops) and meibutsu (famous products) were sold, much like modern day guidebooks. These guidebooks were used not only by people visiting Edo, but by Edo residents as well, holding the guidebook in one hand as they enjoyed travelling around famous places. These guidebooks also became popular as souvenirs from Edo. The National Diet Library also maintains a large number of these guidebooks in its collections. Please enjoy the prosperity of the meisho in Edo from those times.

Edo Meishoki by Asai Ryoi, printed by Kono Michikiyo in 1662
Edo suzume 12 volumes, by Kinko Entsu ; illus. Hishikawa Moronobu, printed by Tsuruya Kiemon in 1677
Kokyo gaeri no Edo banashi by Kagiya Heiemon, et al. in 1687, 8 books
Murasaki no hitomoto by Toda Mosui copied in 1714, 2 books
Edo sunago 6 volumes, by Kikuoka Senryo and Tajihi Chikatomo, printed by Suharaya Ihachi, et al. in 1772
. Funai biko / 御府内備考 Gofunai Biko .
- - - edited by Mishima Masayuki and Kamiya Nobuyori, copy, 45 books
Edo hanjoki by Terakado Seiken, printed in 1832-36

Edo meisho zue 7 volumes 江戸名所図会
by Saito Choshu, illus. Hasegawa Settan, printed by Suharaya Mohei, et al. in 1834-1836, 20 books
Published from 1834 to 1836. This is an illustrated geographical booklet of meisho in Edo and surrounding areas. It has been praised as a comprehensive geographical booklet on Edo. The work was compiled by three generations of fathers and son, Saito Yukio (Choshu), Yukitaka (Kansai) and Yukinari (Gesshin). Consists of 7 volumes and 20 issues. Illustrations are by Hasegawa Settan. The work is written as on-site investigations of the history and current conditions of shrines, Buddhist temples and meisho and historical sites, and is of very high historical value. In particular, the drawings of Settan, that conveyed the customs, events and scenery, were sketches of the actual locations, with many portraying the scenes in extreme detail, making this work an extremely good historical reference of the scenery and customs of the time. The National Diet Library also holds a manuscript copy of the Koyu Manroku [134-270] which is a record of Yukitaka's site surveys.

- - - - - Meisho-e books
Edo meisho zue written and illustrated by Juppensha Ikku in [1813?]
Ehon Edo miyage 2 parts, 6 volumes, by Nishimura Shigenaga, illus. Suzuki Harunobu 1753
Ehon Toto asobi 3 volumes, by Asakusa'an, illus. Katsushika Hokusai in 1802
Kyoka Edo meisho zue 16 parts, edited by Tenmei rojin, illus. Hiroshige in 1856
- - - - - about food and seasons
Edo kaimono hitori an'nai edited by Nakagawa Gorozaemon, printed by Yamashiroya Sahei, et al. in 1824
Edo meibutsu shuhan tebikigusa printed in 1847
Hanagoyomi (floral calendar) and saijiki (compendium of seasonal words) 1834
Edo yuran hanagoyomi Suharaya Ihachi, et al. in 1837
Toto Saijiki 4 volumes,Hasegawa Settan and Hasegawa Settei 1838

- Read the text here :
- source : ndl.go.jp/landmarks -

- - Read the Japanese text here :
- source : national diet library -

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江都近郊名勝一覧 Edo Kinko Meisho Ichiran
EDO KINKÖ MEISHÖ ICHIRAN

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- reference : 四時遊観録 -

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江戸ウォーキング (大人の遠足ブック) Edo Walking - Excursions for Grown-Ups

Even in our modern times, walking in "Edo" is quite popular!

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Watching blossoms in spring and red autumn leaves in autumn soon became popular in Edo.

ume-mi 梅見 watching plum blossoms
亀戸梅屋敷 Kamei, 隅田川沿いの寺島村 along the river Sumidagawa, 蒲田村 Kamata village
. Kamata 蒲田 "bulrush district" - Ota ward .

hanami 花見 watching cherry blossoms
上野山 Ueno, 王子の飛鳥山 Asukayama in Oji, 隅田川堤 along the bank of Sumidagawa,
. Asukayama 飛鳥山, Kita .
. 品川の御殿山 Gotenyama in Shinagawa .

shiohigari 潮干狩り collecting small animals
on the beach in summer, especially Shinagawa

kawa-asobi 川遊び, fune-asobi 舟遊び
along the 隅田川 Kanda River

hotaru-gari ホタル狩り catching fireflies
. along the river 妙正寺川 Myoshojigawa .

tsukimi 月見 full moon watching in Autumn
富岡八幡, Tomioka Hachimangu, 飛鳥山 Asukayama

momijigari 紅葉狩り watching red autumn leaves
There were quite a few places in Edo.

All these activities are part of the Saijiki collection of season words for poetry and Haiku.


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. Authors and writers of the Edo period .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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9/01/2016

Toyosu Fish Market Tokyo

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
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Toyosu Food Market 豊洲市場 “Toyosu Shin Shijo”

. Tsukiji Fish Market 築地市場 .
- Introduction -

Original price: 431.6 billion Yen
final price: 588.4 billion Yen



It was supposed to open in November 2016 - BUT

Thanks to the new governor, Yuriko Koike 小池百合子.



Toyosu was chosen by former Governor of Tokyo Shintarō Ishihara for relocating Tsukiji fish market, but there was a longstanding controversy over this plan due to the toxic contamination of the chosen relocation area.
(wikipedia)

MetGov - Tokyo Metropolitan Government

September 28 - NHK
Koike told the metropolitan assembly on Wednesday that confusion over the planned relocation of a wholesale food market has resulted in loss of public trust.
The Tokyo government had planned to move the Tsukiji market to Toyosu this year after decontaminating the site, where a gas production plant once stood. But the work was not carried out as recommended by experts.
Koike criticized the government's handling of the problem, saying those making decisions have all denied knowledge of the discrepancy, prompting public frustration.
She stressed that it's her job to find out who decided what, when decisions were made, and whether a cover-up took place.


- last updated : 2016 - September 30 -
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This was the original plan, with morido 盛土 layers of clean soil
a layer of gravel/concrete
2 meters cleaned ground
2.5 meters new ground
a thick layer of concrete

Now suddenly these layers are missing and the buildings are standing on
謎の空洞 mysterious empty boxes, hollow space, empty concrete basement cavities . . .

MetGov says the hollow spaces have a concrete cover of 40 cm thickness. But not all of the ground is covered.


September 30, Friday NHK
The head of the Tsukiji market greengrocers' union says he feels betrayed by the Tokyo Metropolitan government.
Mikio Izumi spoke to reporters after watching Governor Yuriko Koike's news conference on Friday. His union is made up of about 450 fruit and vegetable dealers.
He said it is extremely disappointing that officials did not carry out the decontamination work as they had originally proposed. He added that he hopes Tokyo officials never again present market dealers with false explanations.
Izumi said the dealers are also shocked by the latest groundwater test at Toyosu, which found benzene and arsenic slightly in excess of environmental standards.
He said he wants a panel of experts to assess the results and consider measures to remedy the situation.


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- - - - - 東京都知事 Governors before Koike  

They obviously never asked too many questions.

September 27:
Koike is going to meet Ishihara regarding the capital's troubled new wholesale food market.
Ishihara was in charge when controversial decontamination steps were taken at the site.

There have been five heads of the Toyosu Project since 2008, it seems. And all claim they thought the morido was done properly.

September 30, Friday - NHK
An inquiry into the Toyosu market site has concluded that former Tokyo governor Shintaro Ishihara did not influence the location's underground design plan.
The inquiry confirmed that in May of that year, Ishihara told a Tokyo government official in charge of the wholesale market to study a different plan to cut costs. Ishihara proposed burying empty concrete chambers called caissons under the market's buildings.
But the market's chief told the governor the next year that the idea would cost hundreds of millions of dollars more. Ishihara reportedly said he understood.
The inquiry team says several other Tokyo government officials have also testified that Ishihara's idea had nothing to do with the subsequent construction of empty spaces beneath the market buildings.


..............................................................................................................................................

There are many open questions :

Who signed the plan for the building standing not on the morido,
but with an open box space of about 4.5 meter high?

Was there a misunderstanding, since everyone claims it should be above the morido?
Or was it deliberate by someone in the city office? (quite possible)
or the construction firm (hardly believable) ?


Was there a plan to built an underground space for maintenance above the morido with stilts to support this?

How far above ground is the main access road for the dealers to reach their allocated spaces ?
It seems it is higher that necessary.


September 13, 2016 - NHK news
Former and current Tokyo metropolitan officials apparently knew they were misinforming the public about steps to counter soil pollution at a new wholesale market site, but took no action.


Sept. 23? - NHK news
Possible change in assessment on new market site
Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike has suggested that the environmental assessment for the city's proposed new food market may need to be altered.
She hinted at the possibility on Friday, while speaking to reporters.
It was recently revealed that the market site had not been completely filled in with clean soil, as recommended by experts.
The metropolitan government issued an environmental assessment report for the new market in 2011. It stated there will be no impact from exposure to contaminated substances after decontamination efforts are completed.
A gas plant used to stand at the site and harmful substances were detected. The report was based on experts' advice to fill the site with clean soil as part of decontamination efforts.
Koike says that generally speaking, if any problem arises from what was previously reported that must be included in a new assessment.
She also says it will take about a month to decide whether to conduct a fresh investigation and about another 15 months to put together.


The 4.5-meter layer of clean soil is missing from under five main structures at the new market location.

September 27, 2016 - NHK
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government says its officials asked an architectural design firm to create empty spaces beneath the capital's new wholesale food market, against the advice of experts. ...
The Tokyo government is looking into why the spaces were created despite the fact that experts said back in 2008 that the entire compound should be filled with clean soil. ...
The probe has yet to determine who decided to go against the advice and when the decision was made.


September 28, 2016 - NHK
Ryoichi Kishimoto, The chief official of Tokyo's wholesale food markets has apologized for misinformation about measures taken to deal with soil pollution at the site of a new market.
... He apologized for causing people to worry. ...
- but no explanation for the WHY !

September 30, NHK - Friday
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has come up with an investigative report on decontamination work at the capital's planned new wholesale food market in Toyosu. NHK has learned that the report says officials were unable to determine who decided not to fill the market's foundations with clean soil or when the decision was made.
... The report says officials in bureaus in charge of the matter began discussing in 2008 a plan to create spaces underground for monitoring contamination even after the market's opening. In 2009, they created an image of the spaces with heavy machinery placed underground.
Officials then proceeded with studies on soil decontamination between 2010 and 2013. In August 2011, department and section chiefs are said to have confirmed at a meeting a policy to create underground monitoring spaces.
... The report attributes the problem to a lack of communication between superiors and subordinates as well as employees in administrative sections and those in engineering sections. In addition, it's not clear who was responsible for the entire project.
... full discussions of the issue next week.
..... A former chief official of Tokyo's wholesale food markets Naoyuki Tsukamoto says he knew that the ground under the buildings of the new Toyosu market was not covered with clean soil. Tsukamoto is one of 5 former chief officials that served in the post during the planning of the decontamination measures. ..... On Friday morning, Tsukamoto said in an NHK interview that he saw the buildings' blueprints, but that he didn't think it was a problem.
.
Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike says an inquiry has failed to find out who was responsible for not putting clean soil under the buildings of the capital's new food market.
She hinted at a further investigation.
... She said that in August 2011, department and section chiefs confirmed the basic policy of creating the spaces. Officials are said to have discussed measures to deal with polluted soil between 2010 and 2013.
... Koike suggested she will consider new steps, including a further probe and introducing a whistleblower system to prevent a recurrence of the problem.

October 03, Monday
Hiruobi showed a blueprint of the buildings, with a space of about 2 m and a small shovel car inside, then a ?concrete ceiling (seemingly in ground level), then another space of about 2 m for "monitoring" and then the buildings.
Now Koike san has to make sure the official report is not accepted and the truth made more clear.

Gaping holes in the Toyosu report (JT)
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government should reveal the decision-making process that altered measures to shield the Toyosu market from onsite toxic substances.

And another fish marked in Omiya (North of Tokyo) is worried about the 風評被害 "fuhyo higai" bad reputation of food coming from Toyosu (now they get it via Tsukiji).

October 05 (NHK)
Document on Toyosu construction discovered
Democratic Party members of the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly say they have found a document that is not mentioned in a report on the decontamination work at the site of the capital's new wholesale market.
The Tokyo government released the results of its inquiry on Friday. But the report fails to determine who was responsible for not putting clean soil under the buildings at Toyosu that will replace the aging Tsukiji market.
The report says Tokyo government officials studied measures to deal with soil contamination between 2010 and 2013. It considers this period as crucial for decision-making, and gives a detailed explanation of the process of designing the market buildings.
Democratic Party members say, however, that the report does not include a document showing a building and its foundations.
A design firm submitted the plan to the Tokyo government by January 2011. It contains a drawing of a building and says there is no need to put clean soil under the structure.
Observers say assembly members are likely to question the thoroughness of the Tokyo government's probe.

October 06 (JT)
Koike vows to nail officials who cut corners in Tsukiji move
Tokyo Gov. Yuriko Koike said Wednesday she may take disciplinary action against officials involved in the relocation of the Tsukiji fish and vegetable market ...

(NHK)
Fish wholesalers in Tokyo have sharply criticized the Metropolitan Government for misleading them about the environmental safety of the site meant to replace the aging Tsukiji food market.
They expressed anger at a meeting with government officials on Thursday.
About 300 wholesalers based at Tsukiji attended Thursday's meeting, which was closed to the media. ... They demanded compensation for the relocation postponement. And they told officials they wanted assurances that Tsukiji's reputation for clean and safe fish would be maintained at the new site.
One wholesaler expressed concern that the massive media attention will threaten the market's success if consumers are worried about the fish there.


October 06 (JT)
Former governor Ishihara refuses to attend hearing on Toyosu market soil woes
Ishihara had said he would assist with any investigation into the decision-making process that led to the soil debacle at Toyosu.
LDP, Koike mend fences ahead of by-election for her former seat

October 07
It seems the construction company made a proposal about the open spaces under the building. But that is highly improbable, because these firms usually only react to instructions from their client.
The MetGov official pages now show the ongoings about Toyosu, mostly dated in 2008 or 2009.
And one of them, also officially dated in that year, was inserted on September 2016 ! (It is a bit tricky to find that out online, but possible for anyone to check.)
The MetGov is still not helpful in the search for the truth of the matter.


October 13, Thursday - NHK
Head of Tokyo's wholesale market to be replaced
The official in charge of Tokyo's wholesale food market will be replaced to take responsibility for the confusion over the relocation of the Tsukiji market.
..... Ryoichi Kishimoto, and several other senior officials, will be removed from their posts shortly. ... Tokyo officials plan to investigate Kishimoto's predecessors as well.

Tokyo assembly approves Toyosu panel
The Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly has approved setting up a special committee to delve into problems related to relocating a food market in the Japanese capital.
The panel was proposed after safety, construction costs and other problems at Toyosu were discussed by a committee in charge of the move.
The discussion led to findings that a report on the metropolitan government's internal probe into the new site contained incorrect descriptions.
The panel is to continue discussions while the assembly is closed. Another panel of experts and a taskforce of the metropolitan government are also investigating the issue.

November 01 - NHK
Koike reveals the time line of this development, with August 2011 as the crucial time when the plan was changed from morido to monitoring space. There are at least 2 OB and 8 other officials involved, and at their top Ishihara (who does not remember much . . .) .
.
Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike has blamed 8 former department and section chiefs of the Tokyo government over changes in decontamination measures at the capital's new wholesale food market. ...
Experts had advised the Tokyo government years ago to cover the entire site with clean soil, as the ground was contaminated with chemicals from a gas plant that had once stood there.
The governor concluded that the decision was reached in a meeting of department and section heads in August of 2011.
She added that the decision was finalized one month later when the head of Tokyo's wholesale food markets approved a construction order.
Koike criticized the decision to change the decontamination measures, saying the Tokyo government had decided by 2009 to place clean soil over the entire site.
She said 8 former department and section chiefs during a period of about 18 months from November 2010 were in positions to make or know of the decision. Four of them are current senior officials, including a vice governor who was the head of the wholesale food markets in 2011. The other 4 are retired.
Koike said some of them said they didn't know or didn't receive reports, but that such excuses are not acceptable. She said she plans to impose penalties on the 8 people.
..... An internal probe by the Tokyo metropolitan government has shown that a former department chief likely played a key role in changing the decontamination measures for the capital's new food wholesale market.
..... The internal probe found that the former department chief in question was also involved when the Tokyo government made a formal decision in February of 2009 to cover the entire site with clean soil.
... The probe also shows that around January of the same year, the ex-chief may have proposed the idea of creating space under the Toyosu buildings for the first time.
The report says
the idea was passed down among officials in technical fields over the following years.
But in response to Tokyo officials' questions, the ex-chief denied playing such a role in those key phases.
The denial is believed to be one reason the latest probe failed to find out why the officials decided not to place clean soil under the buildings.
Tuesday's report says no officials in managerial positions raised questions about the change, even though there should have been many opportunities to do so.
It says it cannot be denied that the impact of such failure to act was grave.
-
- This shows who did when, but still not WHY this happened.

November 17 - NHK
Koike to present schedule for food market move
According to the new schedule, the Toyosu market can open in about a year if safety is assured by an expert panel and a Tokyo government team.
The schedule also says more construction work at the site may further delay the market opening. If a new environmental assessment is needed, it means a delay of another year.


..............................................................................................................................................

- - - - - monitoring space  モニタリング 

Toyosu market basement areas created for emergency cleanup work
Why would this be necessary if the ground was properly prepared with 4.5 m clean soil?

.................................................

Why is now the gravel layer open and only partly covered with concrete?

..............................................................................................................................................

anzen anshin 安全 安心 to be safe, to feel safe
The motto of the new Toyosu market.
BUT
many now think, even if the water is pronounced anzen,
the whole project does not feel anshin for a food market.



The water under the buildings the pools - how much is it tainted?
There are differences in the findings of the parliament party members and the Town Officials.

The water level seems rising (it rained a lot around Spetember 20 - 26). It is now almost 30 cm.

September 13th
The first results: hexavalent chromium and arsenic.

September 17, 2016
Benzene, a toxic chemical, was not found in water in the basement - says the MetGov.

Sep 18
arsenic and chromium found at density levels around 10 to 35 percent of the legal limit.
These substances do not evaporate into the air.

Sep 21
Some members of the Tokyo metropolitan assembly say that a cyanide compound has been detected. The level exceeds the government-set environmental standards.

- NHK news -
Lead detected in water at Tokyo's new market site
The Tokyo Prefecture government says that a slight amount of lead was found in water that has accumulated below the site of a proposed new food market.
They show that the amount of lead in the water is about one tenth the level permitted by environmental standards.
The samples from the site in the Toyosu also contained traces of arsenic.
They were tested for 7 harmful substances. The water did not contain benzene, cyanogen or hexavalent chromium.

September 30
toxic substances in excess of environmental standards.
It was the 8th in a series of surveys that began 2 years ago, following the completion of soil decontamination work at the site. It was the first test in which measurements exceeded limits.
The officials say that 2 of 3 groundwater samples collected near the market's fruit and vegetable building contained the chemical benzene.
One of them measured 1.1 times the environmental standard and the other 1.4 times.
Another sample contained arsenic measuring 1.9 times the standard.
In the previous 7 surveys, the substances measured below the standards.
..... The Tokyo government officials say the figures are preliminary and detailed analyses and opinions from experts are needed before taking action.
Professor Minoru Yoneda:
the groundwater is not for drinking and he does not believe it would pose a threat to human health. !!!!!

October 20 (nhk)
Groundwater unaffected by pumps at Toyosu site
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government says a fully operational pumping system has so far had no effect on the groundwater level at the planned relocation site of Tsukiji food market.
... Previously, the government said a pumping system to control groundwater would resolve problems when it became fully operational. It said a layer of clean soil put down to deter contamination would dry out and water would stop accumulating.
The system became fully operational on Monday.
However, the government said that water remains in the layer of clean soil and is still pooling underground. ...


- - - - - air pollution in the underground open box spaces - - - - -

Sep 18
While traces of benzene are still in Toyosu’s air, its density level is within the safety limit, according to metropolitan government data.

Sep 26
Benzene has been found in the air . .. in low levels.

October 17 (Monday)
Mercury at 5 to 7 times the national air quality standard was found in air beneath the buildings.

..............................................................................................................................................

- - - - - one special building for the administration people
管理施設棟 kanri

(who will be sitting there all day . . .)

There is just one building in the complex built as planned above the morido.
With a pit for monitoring above the morido.

WHY ?

..............................................................................................................................................


- - - - - Money and the price of it all

original bid about 63 billion yen (628 million dollars) in November 2013.
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government's projected prices for construction contracts rose by 60 percent in the second round of tenders, from the failed first round.
Three joint venture groups headed by 3 major construction firms took part first, but all retracted their tenders.
- second round of bidding 3 months later, about 1.03 billion dollars.
The 3 groups each won a contract, at prices ranging from 99.7 to 99.9 percent of the revised projected prices.
Professor Hiroshi Arikawa of Nihon University:
if the Tokyo government had to change the prices following requests from construction firms, its system to calculate projected prices must also come under scrutiny.

In 2014, the decontamination (and morido) was completed at a cost of
85.8 billion Yen.


How much money was "saved" with the new plan and where is the money now?

How much will the restauration from the new reality to a safe market cost?

..............................................................................................................................................

Why do some of the piping hang high up under the ceiling?

Why are some pipings so low that no maschinery can drive around in these spaces?

..............................................................................................................................................

- - - -- The open hatchets to let down equipment -

If the buildings were safe, why the need to do this "just in case?"

Why are some hatches right beside the building (3 m x 6 m)
and at least one other further away, with a road above?
Is the whole ground from this hatchet to the building now open?


Are the hatchets connected to the buildings? with an open door?

Why do they have a slit of about 3 mm around, where rain water can get through?

If heavy equipment has to be dismanteled to get down,
what kind of equipment is there DOWN there to get them together again?

..............................................................................................................................................

- - - - - Earthquake

Since the original building was planned for 4 stories
is the new building with its underground space the same quake proof structure?

the revetment work carried out by the contractors wasn’t sufficient to stabilize the ground in the area, pointing out that parts of the Toyosu site liquefied during the March 2011 quake, bringing sand and stones to the surface.

October 27
Toyosu fish market structures are earthquake-proof: designer said.
(But we saw quite some wobbeling in the news elsewhere. . . and not all architects agreed to the assessment.)



..............................................................................................................................................

- - - - - Future plans since September 2016 - - - - -

What can be done to secure the place as it is now and
open the fish market at some point in the - far - future?

October 03
Talk about using the complex as a casino are growing.

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- reference : NHK World News -

- reference : Japan Times - (JT) -

- reference : ひるおび 豊洲 -


- general online reference -


豊洲市場の特徴 (Japanese HP of the project, it seems)
- reference source : shijou.metro.tokyo.jp/toyosu -

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