Showing posts with label - - - Specialities - Meibutsu. Show all posts
Showing posts with label - - - Specialities - Meibutsu. Show all posts

5/16/2016

uranai fortune telling

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
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uranai 占い fortune telling, divination

The people of Edo were very fond of fortune telling of all kinds.

The most popular is probably the mikuji 御御籤/御神籤 sacred lot sold at temples and shrines.


© PHOTO : ttomo115

. Mikuji, O-Mikuji 御御籤/御神籤 sacred lot .

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Another favorite was
ninsoo uranai 人相占い divination by the looks



The form of the eyebrows, mouth, nose and general features were used to divine the character of a person - very important for a miai meeting a future wife/husband.
There were popular books sold in Edo about this subject.

The 眉 eyebrows gave a hint to the connection of man/wife or one's siblings.
If they had a wide space between them and were lucious and glossy black it was considered a good person.

The 目 eyes would give a hint to the person's status. They had to be long (wide) to guarantee a good fortune 百万綺の大将になる.

The 口 mouth was an expression of the character. If the 口の端 corners of the mouth moved up, it was a good sign.

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The ears were responsible for good luck 耳は福. They had to be big and fleshy with many hairs.

fukumimi 福耳 "lucky ears"


source : www.marukojozo.co.jp

fuku mimi miso 福耳みそ "miso named lucky ears"
a pun with mimi and miso paste.

. mimikazari 耳飾り earrings and Daruma .

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秘伝 江戸の占いとおまじない

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. Daruma spinning tops and Divination .

ategoma 当て独楽(コマ)to divine something

uranai Oyako Daruma 占い親子ダルマ for divination

uranai IROHA koma いろはに独楽




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The 愛宕神社 Atago Shrine in Tokyo has a special staircase
shusse no ishidan 出世の石段 staircase to a good career



Once the Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu wanted to have a branch of the plum tree that was blossoming at the top of the staircase, and asked his retainers to get it for him. But nobody wanted to make it up this steep stairway. Finally a samurai from Marugame, 曲垣平九郎 Magaki Heikuro made his horse run up the staircase in a show of his riding prowess and got the branch for the Shogun.
As a reward he got a famous sword, and became famous for his riding ability.
Now people come here to pray for a good career.

. Atago Jinja 愛宕神社 Atago shrines .


Men were expected to be successful in life (risshi shusse 立志出世) and to fulfill their duties to the State . ...
. Shusse Daruma 出世だるま .
Shusse Inari dorei 出世稲荷土鈴 clay bell from Shusse Inari

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江戸の占い Edo no Uranai
by 大野出

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. ayu uranai 鮎占い divination with trout .
The Chinese character for AYU 鮎 consists of fish 魚 in the left side
and uranai 占 divination on the right side.
So there is no wonder we also have a ritual of divination with this fish!


. kayu uranai 粥占い divination with rice gruel  .
Yakihiko Shrine in Niigata


. koi uranai no ishi 恋占いの石 stone for love divination .
Jishu Jinja 地主神社 Jishu Shrine - Kyoto


. suzu uranai 占鈴 bells to divine the fortune .
鈴の宮蜂田神社 Hachida Shrine "for clay bells" in Osaka


. tsuji uranai 辻占 Fortune Cookies .
for the new year fuku-ume 福梅 and tsuji uranai 辻占


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中年の恋占いに椿餅
chuunen no koi uranai ni tsubakimochi

the middle-aged
tell the fortune
with Camellia sweets

Tr. Gabi Greve

倉本岬 Kuramoto Misaki



. WKD : tsubakimochi 椿餅 Camellia rice cakes .
- - kigo for spring - -

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yume uranai 夢占い - yumeura, yume-ura 夢占
telling a person's fortune by interpreting his [her] dreams





夢占や虫の髭ふる夏布団
丸山海道

夢占や石槨の草刈り残し
宮坂静生

夢占のいとぐちのなきおぼろかな
大石悦子

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
109 to explore (00)

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #uranai #fortunetellinguranai - - - -
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5/05/2016

bijin beauties of Edo

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. Ukiyo-e 浮世絵 "pictures of the floating world" - Introduction .
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Edo no bijin 江戸の美人 the beauties of Edo

. kanban musume 水茶屋の看板娘 Kamban "advertising servant girl" .


CLICK for more photos !

Beauties with a sumptuous body and plump face 豊かな体, ふくよかな顔 in the Early Edo period,
but the ideals for "beauty" were changing with time.


弾琴美人 Beauty playing the Koto / 鈴木春信 Suzuki Harunobu

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. bijin 美人 beauty - beauty amulet 美守 - bijin kigan 美人祈願お守り .
Next to prayers for good health, prayers for a beautiful face, skin or body were quite popular.
biyoo jisha 美容寺社 praying for beauty at a Shinto Shrine

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- quote
江戸時代における美人の条件は? Conditions for a beauty in the Edo period.

面長
切れ長で涼しげな一重
鼻筋の通った中高の鼻
小さな口
きめこまやかで白い肌
美しく豊かな黒髪

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biidoro o fuku musume ビードロを吹く娘 girl blowing a poppen
美人画の大家・喜多川歌麿 Kitagawa Utamaro
This Bijin is a normal girl from the village 町娘. Her kimono is special, with an Ishimatsu pattern and cherry blossoms, signs of Spring.

. poppen, hoppen ぽっぺん / ポッペン glass ball plopping .
The glass balls are also known as "biidoro ビードロ", from the Portuguese vidro.

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江戸美人の原点?江戸時代初期の美人 Early Edo Period


CLICK for more photos !

「浮世絵の祖」ともいわれる浮世絵師・菱川師宣 Hishikawa Moronobu (1618 - 1694)
Japanese artist known for popularizing the ukiyo-e genre of woodblock prints and paintings in the late 17th century.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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美人というより美少女 - Beautiful Young Girls
明和期(1764 - 72年)の美人 Meiwa period


chaya no kanban musume 看板娘 Kamban Musume Girls
水茶屋「鍵屋」の看板娘・お仙 Kagiya no S-Sen
浅草寺奥山の楊枝屋「柳屋」の看板娘・お藤 Yanagiya no O-Fuji
二十軒茶屋の水茶屋「蔦屋」の看板娘・およし。Tsutaya no O-Yoshi

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抜群のプロポーション! Nice proportions
健康美人 Healthy Bijin



人気絵師・鳥居清長の美人画 Torii Kiyonaga (1752 - 1815)
『当世遊里美人合 たち花』Tachibana
- Conditions for a nice body:
すらりとした長身
長い手足
あごは細めのシャープな顔立ち
きりりとした濃い眉
切れ長で涼しげな目元

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女性らしさ満点、グラマラスな寛政美人 100 points for being a beautiful Female
寛政期(1789~1801年)
Three beauties of the Kanei period 寛政の三美人



浅草寺随神門前の水茶屋「難波屋」のおきた O-Kita from Asakusa、
両国の煎餅屋「高島屋」のお久 O-Hisa from Ryogoku, Takashimaya
吉原芸者の富本豊雛(とよひな)Toyohina Geisha from Yoshiwara
by . Kitagawa Utamaro 喜多川歌麿 (1753 - 1806).

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個性的すぎる文政美人 Beauties around 1818 - 1830 文政 Bunei
with strong personalities
painted by 渓斎英泉 Keisai Eisen (1790 - 1884)
- Conditions
6頭身
首が短く猫背ぎみ
細長い顔
小さくつり上がり鋭い目
受け口


. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

Keisai Eisen
(渓斎 英泉, 1790–1848) was a Japanese ukiyo-e artist who specialised in bijin-ga (pictures of beautiful women). His best works, including his ōkubi-e ("large head pictures"), are considered to be masterpieces of the "decadent" Bunsei Era (1818–1830). He was also known as Ikeda Eisen, and wrote under the name of Ippitsuan.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


【おすすめ】こちらの江戸トリビアもどうぞ - further literature and links
- source : edo-g.com/blog/2016/

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daidokoro bijin 台所美人 "kitchen beauties"


Kitagawa Utamaro 喜多川 歌麿

. . . CLICK here for more Ukiyo-E Bijin on stamps !

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浮世絵に見る江戸美人の化粧 Cosmetics of the Edo Bijin Beauties in Ukiyo-E
白、紅、黒―三色の美 The beauty of the three colors white, red and black

white 白粉 o-shiro for face powder
beni 紅 red for lip coloring
black for teeth coloring (o-haguro お歯黒) and eyebrows 眉



白、紅、黒はそれぞれ「白粉の白」「口紅の紅」「お歯黒と眉化粧の黒」で、それぞれについて浮世絵と化粧道具が展示されていました。

展示品の主な所有者はポーラ研究所で、なるほど化粧品メーカー、と印象アップ。江戸期の美人画にはそれぞれの店(勤務先)や、描かれてる化粧品の店構えが小窓に描かれてたりで、勤務先が描かれてる場合はそれこそ「看板娘」で、商品扱う店が描かれてる場合は「販促チラシ」みたいなものかと。そういえばどこかの茶屋の娘が大層美人でファッションリーダーになってたとかいう話をどこかで見かけたな…芸者や遊女や歌舞伎役者がいわゆるプロで、ファッションリーダーやった時代に茶屋の娘(看板娘)となるとさしずめ読モみたいな感じだろうか。
- reference : cella.fem.jp -

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oshiroi, o-shiroi (hakufun) おしろい / 白粉 white face powder
Rice bran powder was often used to wash the face until it was white.

- quote -
During the Nara Period (710–94), women painted their face with a white powder called oshiroi, and in the Heian Period (794–1185), a white facial color continued to stand as a symbol of beauty.
During the Edo Period (1603–1868), the culture of fair skin gained ground among commoners. The look sought after at this time, however, was a natural one. Ukkiri, a term for moist, naturally colored skin, appeared in a manual on beauty titled Miyako fūzoku kewaiden (A Handbook of Cosmetics in the Capital), which was published in 1813 and remained a bible for beauty through the next century. The work introduces a range of techniques for making the skin “beautifully white,” including facial cleansing, facial packs made from a natural mineral form of lead oxide, and herbal treatments for acne.
... “The tone the Japanese seek to achieve is not milky white but translucent, like a polished stone. Since the Edo period, women have gone to great pains to achieve this.” Records show that women spent a great deal of time putting on makeup and that cosmetics were geared toward accentuating the natural beauty of the skin. Miyako fūzoku kewaiden, for example, describes how oshiroi should be repeatedly applied and removed and the cheeks rubbed with a towel in order to make the skin look like porcelain.
- source : nippon.com/en -
- reference : edo o-shiroi white -

oshiroishi, o-shiroi shi 白粉師 making white face powder


source : メタボンのブログ

Different kinds of O-Shiroi were available, from Kyoto 京白粉, from Ise 伊勢おしろい, "natural white" 生白粉 and others.
Some were made including metal powders not really suited for the skin. Some were in powder form, some hard like soap, but all were applied with a special face brush.
suigin 水銀 mercury cloride was a main ingredient, so even the craftsmen who made the powder were exposed to this poison.
Others were white lead oxide, see below.
They had a special shop sign with a 白鷺 white heron.


新たな仙女香七変化粧 - Yokai Novel

A famous brand of the time was 仙女香 Sennyo-Ko.
The name was taken from the stage name of the Kabuki actor Segawa Kikunojō 瀬川菊之丞 Segawa Kikunojo (1693 - 1749).
The poor people had to use some face wash to keep the face as white as possible, but with the rise of rich merchants in Edo the use white powder among the townspeople spread quite fast.

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In time new products arrived on Dutch, Spanish and Portuguese ships. "Among the various compounds used, oshiroi [白粉 or おしろい], a white powder, and beni (rouge) [紅 or べに] contributed in constructing a woman's beauty. White powder was used to whiten the face and other parts of the body. The oldest form of face powder was made from white soil and rice flour. In the seventh century, the manufacture of keifun (mercury chloride) [けいふん] and empaku (white lead) [鉛白 or えんぱく] was imported from China. Their use was confined to the upper classes until the seventeenth century, when it became popular among the general public." The empaku "...was used extensively during the Edo period... It was mixed with water and applied with a brush. In the 1870s, the toxic quality of lead was recognized, and soon after a lead-free facial powder began to be domestically produced." (Ibid.)

In A Treatise on Chemistry by Roscoe, Cain and Schorlemmer (published by MacMillan, 1913, p. 685) the production of keifun is described: "Calomel has long been known and manufactured in China and Japan under the name keifun (light powder). This product occurs as a light bulky powder, consisting of very thin minute scales, lustrous, transparent, and white or faintly cream coloured. It is quite free from corrosive sublimate and is manufactured by heating balls of porous earth and salt, soaked in bittern (the mother-liquor of partially evaporated sea-water), along with mercury in iron pots lined with earth. The forms hydrochloric acid from the magnesium chloride in the bittern, the mercury sublimes into the clay covers of the pots, air enters by diffusion and the following reaction occurs: 4Hg + 4HCl + O2 = 2Hg2Cl + 2H2O. The cover thus becomes filled with a network of micaceous particles of calomel."

There is an article on "Gender and Hierarchical Differences in Lead-Contaminated Japanese Bone from the Edo Period" from the Japan Society for Occupational Health (Journal of Occupational Health, vol. 40, no. 1, 1998). In this study it was found that members of the samurai class had far higher lead content in their systems than did that of farmers and fishermen. Women in both strata had higher lead deposits in their bones than did their male counterparts. In the abstract to this article it states: "We assume that facial cosmetics (white lead) comprised one of the main routes of lead exposure among the samurai class, because cosmetics were a luxury in that period." While male samurai may not have used white lead makeup they were exposed to it through their contact with samurai females and this accounts for the lead content found in their bones. In fact it would seem that the wealthier the samurai the higher the lead content.
- source : printsofjapan.com/Index -

. Edo shokunin 江戸の職人 Edo craftsmen .

. shinise 老舗 a long-established store .
The store Sakamotoya 坂本屋 selling oshiroi白粉 the white powder for faces.

. oshiroi hake 白粉刷毛 cosmetic brush .

. beni 紅 lip color and
kurenaishi 紅師 making lip red from safflowers .


- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
8 tales about 白粉 to explore.

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. ohaguro, o-haguro お歯黒 / 鉄漿 / おはぐろ Ohaguro, black teeth .



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Edo no bijin
- reference - Edo no bijin -

Edo no bijin ga: Kanei Kanbunki no nikuhitsu ga
Paintings of Beautiful Ladies in Edo Period
- reference : books.google.co.jp -


浮世絵美人 - 解体新書 : 安村敏信

CLICK for more books about Edo Bijin !


hyooban musume 評判娘 girl with a good reputation

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Women of Edo in the eighteenth century
Spectators gathered in Fukiyacho and Sakaicho in Nihombashi from early morning to see the many performances that were given there like Kabuki plays and puppet shows with storylines that resonated with the townspeople.
Among them were those who even competed with each other in investing much money on authors and actors.
Haiku, kyoka, and senryu poetry were a popular part of the culture of self-expression.
There were even those who became haiku, kyoka, etc. poets on their own.
Furthermore, some made business ventures by investing in publishers or by introducing woodblock prints to the world upon starting their own publishing businesses.
The demand for women’s goods such as ornamental hairpins and essential items for men such as pocketbooks and tobacco pouches led to the improvement of the craftsmen’s skills; establishing whole new genres in the unique Edo culture.
The appearance of exquisite restaurants frequented by wealthy townspeople also developed the food culture of Edo.
- source : nihombashi-tokyo.com/history ... -

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

Aichi
馬の鞍が荷をつけたままひっくり返ったので馬喰が困っていると、妙齢の美人が現れた。美人は馬を河原に引き出した。ふと気づいた馬喰が針を帛紗と共に背中につけると、美人は一塊になって淵に飛び込んだ。淵の主は蛇ではないかという話がある。

- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
美人 89 to explore

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. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. Hanga 版画 in the Daruma Museum .

. Ukiyo-e in the Daruma Museum .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #edobijin #bijinedo #edobeauties #ukiyoebijin #woman #women - - - -
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4/30/2016

teppo guns

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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teppoo, teppô 鉄砲 Teppo, gun, musket, matchlock, Gewehr
hinawajuu, hinawajū 火縄銃 Hinawaju

teppo ashigaru  鉄砲足軽 matchlockmen
tanegashima 種子島, also hinawajū 火縄銃 Tanegashima matchlock


source : kotobank

- quote -
Tanegashima (種子島), also hinawajū (火縄銃), was a type of matchlock configured arquebusfirearm introduced to Japan through the Portuguese in 1543.Tanegashima were used by the samurai class and their foot soldiers (ashigaru) and within a few years the introduction of the tanegashima in battle changed the way war was fought in Japan forever.



1 History
1.1 Origins

The tanegashima seems to have been based on snap matchlocks that were produced in Portuguese India, at the armory of Goa (a colony of Portugal since 1510). The name tanegashima came from the Japanese island (Tanegashima) where a Chinese junk with Portuguese adventurers on board was driven to anchor by a storm in 1543.
The lord of the Japanese island, Tanegashima Tokitaka (1528–1579), purchased two matchlock muskets from the Portuguese and put a swordsmith to work copying the matchlock barrel and firing mechanism. The smith (Yaita) did not have much of a problem with most of the gun but "drilling the barrel helically so that the screw (bisen bolt) could be tightly inserted" was a major problem as this "technique did apparently not exist in Japan until this time." The Portuguese fixed their ship and left the island and only in the next year when a Portuguese blacksmith was brought back to Japan was the problem solved.
Within ten years of its introduction, over 300,000 tanegashima firearms were reported to have been manufactured.
1.2 Sengoku period
1.3 Edo period
1.4 Modern use
2 Parts of the tanegashima
3 Gallery
- source : wikipedia -

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- quote
Teppô is the Japanese term for arquebuses, or matchlocks, the first European firearm to be introduced to Japan. Though some forms of gunpowder weapons existed in Japan earlier, having been introduced from China via Korea or the Ryukyus, European firearms made a major impact upon Sengoku period samurai warfare.
While the term teppô might literally be translated as "iron cannon," or "metal gun," the term hinawajû is sometimes also used, meaning literally "fire rope gun," and referring to the matchlock mechanism.

Introduction to Japan

The introduction of the European matchlock began in 1543, during the Sengoku period. In that year, two or three Portuguese arrived aboard a Chinese junk off the coast of Tanegashima, south of Kyushu. Though the account by Fernao Mendes Pinto is oft-cited, that by Antonio Galvano, governor of Malacca from 1536-1540, is considered by some scholars more reliable. According to his account, published posthumously in 1557, the three Portuguese were Christopher Antonio da Mota, Francis Zimoro, and Antonio Perota, who had abandoned their Portuguese compatriots in Siam and found passage aboard this Chinese junk.

After trying out the arquebuses the Portuguese had with them, the lord of the island, Tanegashima Tokitaka, purchased from the strangers two examples of the firearms for his family treasury and is said to have occupied himself ceaselessly with learning to use them. He instructed a retainer to learn to make the gunpowder, and another, the swordsmith Yasuita Kinbei Kiyosada, to reproduce the weapon itself. According to some accounts, Tokitaka gave his daughter to the Portuguese in exchange for the weapons, and/or for instruction in their production. Kiyosada encountered difficulties, however, in reproducing the spring mechanism, and also in properly sealing the end of the barrel. Fortunately the next year a Portuguese ship arrived (by some accounts bearing the same Portuguese men), and a smith on board was able to teach Kiyosada about the spring mechanism, and how to close the barrel. This discovery led to the production of several tens of firearms in a period of a little over a year. Tokitaka instructed his retainers to practice on the new weapon, and many beccame proficient. Later, the Sakai merchant Tachibana Iemonzaburô, later known as Teppô-mata, came and stayed on the island for one or two years and learned the craft. From him, the knowledge spread throughout the country.

After that the Portuguese had begun to openly trade with other cities in Japan. Nagasaki had become a major trade port for trade between the Japanese and Portuguese, and the traders brought a variety of novelties including wool, velvet, tobacco, clocks and eyeglasses. But the most popular and less novel item brought to Japan by Europe, was the matchlock arquebus.

Many of the daimyô were impressed after seeing the European matchlock; by 1549 many daimyô ordered their weaponsmiths to copy and mass-produce this advanced weapon. One daimyô in particular who saw potential in this weapon was Oda Nobunaga; he placed an order for 500 arquebuses, the largest order to date...

Soon the Japanese demonstrated not only their ability to quickly assimilate objects from other cultures, but also their ability to improve upon it. Many metalsmiths went to work and even improved the teppô. This weapon was found to be more powerful then the bow, and easier to use. Eventually the teppô replaced many archer units in battle.

A look at the Teppô
The First 30 Years

1549 - Oda Nobunaga's father placed an order for 500 arquebuses.
1570 - Oda Nobunaga's army of 30,000 were forced to withdraw by a fierce counter attack of the Ikko-ikki of Ishiyama Honganji. 3,000 Ikko-ikki matchlockmen used controlled volley firing against Nobunaga's men. .....



- - - - - Edo Period
Firearms continued to be used by both samurai authorities and by peasants & commoners in the Edo period. Sakai and Kunitomo continued to be the chief sites of production, and matchlocks continued to be the dominant form of firearms used; firearms technology did not advance much within Japan over the course of the 17th to mid-19th centuries. Flintlocks, which had replaced the matchlock in Europe, were known and occasionally produced, but the matchlock remained dominant in Japan, possibly in part because they produced less recoil. These sorts of muskets were by far the most common form of firearm in the country, with some estimates claiming that roughly 150,000 to 200,000 firearms were in circulation at any given time in Tokugawa Japan. Peasants' weapons generally fired shot two to three monme in weight, equivalent to .440 to .495 caliber, in today's terminology. At the request of the shogunate, gunsmiths also on occasion produced handguns and small cannon.
David Howell argues that over the course of the period, within the countryside at least, firearms came to be seen less as weapons (i.e. for military purposes) and more as essential agricultural equipment. Peasants maintained possession of their guns after Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Sword Hunts in the 1580s-90s, which specifically targeted swords, and not firearms. It was only in 1657 that regulations on peasant ownership of weapons began to be put into place; even then, hunters, and farmers who claimed they needed guns to help defend themselves and their crops against wild boar and other such threats, were permitted to continue to own firearms. .....
..... A series of edicts issued in the 1720s not only permitted the use of weapons by peasants year-round, but actually encouraged their use, and the borrowing of weapons, for the purposes of scaring away animals.
..... In the early 19th century, the shogunate began to worry about the amorphous imagined threat of "bad guys" - including rônin, jobless commoners, and the like - hoarding weapons and planning violence or other criminal activities. Numerous edicts banned peasants from engaging in martial activities, including firing practice.
- - - - - Bakumatsu
Meiji Period

- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com



Tanegashima / Teppo / Hinawaju ... Japanese Matchlock Guns
source : militaria.co.za/nmb/topic


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Teppo-machi, teppoochoo 鉄砲町 Teppocho, Gunsmith's village
now 日本橋本町3・4 - - - Nihonbashi

Teppokaji 鉄砲鍛冶 Craftsmen producing guns were only allowed to work in this district.

. teppoo kaji 鉄砲鍛冶 gunsmith producing Teppo matchlocks .
- Introduction -


There is also a Teppo-machi in other cities of Japan.
Nagasaki.

Not far from Shimabara Castle in Nagasaki's Shimabara City sits the town's well-preserved samurai district. Known as "teppo-machi" or "gun town", this district once housed foot soldiers of the local clan who were skilled in firearms use.
Today, the neighborhood is a quiet place. The single main street boasts a small canal running through its center; on either side, many of the imposing gates of old samurai mansions still stand. Three of the old samurai houses are open to the public and admission to all of the properties is free.
Low-class samurais lived in Teppo-machi (what is called 'Samurai-house zone')
- source : en.japantravel.com/nagasaki -


- - - - - List of Teppo-Cho in Japan
鉄砲町(てっぽうちょう、てっぽうまち)
- reference : wikipedia -

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

O-Teppo Matsuri お鉄砲まつり Teppo Festival

In 宮城県 Miyagi, Kurihara District at 花山村 Hanayama village after the festival when all guns are shot, if there was one that did not fire properly, the family of this man will have bad luck. Therefore they all keep the weapons very clean and free of ritual impurities.

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Gunma 群馬県 勢多郡 横野村

daija 大蛇 huge serpent
「樽」の酒屋は大身代で、守護の大蛇が棲んでいた。大蛇のために、毎年36石入り、6尺の大樽の酒を用意していたが、ある時主人が、蛇さえいなければ身代ももっと上がると考え、火縄銃で撃ち殺してしまった。遺骸を埋めたのが蛇塚で、その後、酒屋は没落してしまった。


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Ibaraki 茨城県 水戸市 Mito

mujina ムジナ Badger
ある人が雨の日の夜に月を見て、それが狢の化けているものだと知り、油断をさせて火縄銃でその月を打ち落とした。狢は月に化けることがある。


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Kochi 高知県 幡多郡 黒潮町

tanuki 狸
炭焼をしていた話者が夜竃をしていた所、自分の娘が呼びに来た。怪しんで火縄銃を差し付けたら、逃げて行った。また別の日、隣の男が来て「お前の女房が病気だから帰ってくれ」という。怪しんだ紺蔵が男を竃の前で待たせて観察していると、男は居眠りを始め、耳も口もすっかり狸の相を現してしまった。そこで燃える炭を叩き付けると狸は逃げ、翌朝、焼け爛れた大狸が谷川に浮いていた。

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土佐山村 Tosayama
山で妖怪に行き会ったときは、火縄銃にある照尺の小穴からのぞくと正体が分かる。

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Nara 奈良県 添上郡 月ヶ瀬村 石打 Tsukigase Ishiuchi

Toosuke Jizoo 藤助地蔵 Tosuke Jizo


source : geografi.nu/region
The mountain path toward Tosuke Jizo at Tukigaseishiuchi

Once upon a time,
a hunter named Tosuke took his beloved dog and went hunting in the mountains. He waited in his mountain hut for a prey. Suddenly he heard a loud noise and run outside, but he did not see anything. His dog seemed to see or sense something, but he trembled in fear.
Tosuke became afraid, took the last bullet and shot his gun into the dark. But out of his gun came a ball of fire toward himself and he died almost on the spot. His dog pulled him inside the hut and watched over him.
But then the hut burned down in the fire in no time and the body of Tosuke became a 黒仏 "Black Buddha".
The villagers built a small sanctuary for him, Tosuke Jizo, and came here to pray every year on the 6th day of the 8th month.
Many years later when his descendants tried to re-built the hut, they found a hinawaju 縄銃 gun in the straw roof of the building.
This is near 小字 堂山 Shoji Doyama. There are actually two stone statues, one of 不動明王Fudo Myo-O and one of 藤助地蔵 Tosuke Jizo.


source : panoramio.com/photo


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- - - - - 上北山村 - - - - - ippon datara イッポンダタラ
「ハテノハツカに伯母ヶ峯越すな」と言う。伯母ヶ峯にはイッポンダタラが出て通る人を食らった。西原の射場兵庫という鉄砲名人が退治したのが12月20日で、この日にはイッポンダタラの供養がある。ハテノハツカにはその時の火縄銃が汗をかくという。

. Ippondatara, Ippon-datara 一本ダタラ - Ippon tatara .
Yoshitsune and his horses 義経の馬 .

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Saitama 埼玉県 秩父郡 Chichibu district

daija 大蛇 huge serpent
沼の主の大蛇を火縄銃で撃ち殺すと、その人の子孫は背中や脇の下にうろこのようなあざがあり、毛の生えている子供が生まれる。大蛇が殺された時、沼が決壊して大水になった。死んでいる大蛇を見た人は病気になった。


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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
222 to explore
火縄銃 OK

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source : militaria.co.za/nmb/topic/14557
Woodblock prints with matchlocks!



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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

- source : Kobayashi Issa - David Lanoue -

鉄砲の三尺先の小てふかな
teppô no san jaku saki no ko chô kana

three feet
from the musket's barrel...
little butterfly


Susumu Takiguchi points out that guns were "brought to Japan for the first time by the shipwrecked Portuguese in 1543 (some say 1542), and revolutionised the way battles were fought and castles were designed. They were initially 'hinawa-ju' (matchlock or firelock) and this must be the type of 'teppo' which Issa was talking about."


鉄砲の先に立たり女郎花
eppô no saki ni tachitari ominaeshi

in the musket's
line of fire...
a maiden flower



木がらしや鉄砲かつぎて小脇差
kogarashi ya teppô katsugite ko wakizashi

winter wind--
he shoulders a musket
and a short sword



雨乞にから鉄砲のきげん哉
amagoi ni kara teppô no kigen kana

after praying for rain
in a mood
to shoot the musket




. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

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sugideppo 杉鉄砲 blowing toy for children made from Sugi wood

春や昔杉鉄砲の痛きこと
川名大

杉鉄砲借りしが縁児と笑ふ
浜田みずき

良寛堂ひとりやだれの杉鉄砲
松田ひろむ

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神杉を突いて鉄砲宮相撲
茨木和生

鉄砲射堋(あづち)霧間の樹神(こだま)かよひけり
調古

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #teppoguns #gunsteppo #hinawaju #tanegashima #matchlock #kunitomo #国友- - - -
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4/25/2016

kudaranai meaning

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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kudaranai くだらない / 下らない
worthless, pointless, nonsense, meaningless, stupid, silly ...




Edokko 江戸っ子 liked to drink Sake quite a lot.
The best quality came from breweries in Osaka and were transported to Edo by ship (kudaru).



kudarizake 下り酒 Sake transported up to Edo
Around 1800, it was more than 800.000 barrels of Sake from Kansai to Edo per year.

The Sake from the Kanto area was already there and thus came
kudaranai 下らない, 下らない酒,
It was far less tasty and inferior to the Sake from the Kansai region.
Around 1800, it was only 110.000 barrels of Sake per year.

The feeling of something inferior in quality soon expanded to other things, and now KUDARANAI is the common way to express this.

There were other kudarimono 下り物 in Edo, from Kimono to swords and other metal items.
kudarimono
— quality products that had "come down" from the Kansai region
merchandise shipped to Edo


- quote -
The rapid population rise came in the context of the Sankin-kotai or 'alternate-year residence in Edo'. The Sankin-kotai policy required all the daimyō lords to reside in Edo each alternative year and this meant that all the vassals together with their goods and local produce would all be assembled in Edo.
Furthermore, this meant Edo became a huge consumer market with increased demand for
‘kudari-mono’ (‘downbound descending goods’ from the Kansai area)
and jimawari-mono (‘locally produced goods’ from parts of Edo) from the outskirts.
As a result, towards the end of the 18th century, Edo had surpassed the Kyoto area both economically and culturally and fulfilling its function as the central population center of Japan living up to its title as 'Eastern capital' in both name and substance.
- The Emergence of "Greater Edo" (Ōedo)
- source : library.metro.tokyo.jp -


- reference : Edo kudarimono -

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source : gakken.co.jp/kagakusouken/spread/oedo

Local KUDARANAI rice wine from Musashi, Hitachi, Shimosa, Kinugawa, Arakawa . ..


. kaiun sake 開運酒 Sake for your Good Luck .
jizake 地酒 local brands of rice wine

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

下らないものを身につけ花吹雪
kudaranai mono o mi ni tsuke hanafubuki

they put on
such silly robes -
cherry blossom snowstorm

Tr. Gabi Greve

小鳥幸男 Kojima Yukio

. WKD : hanafubuki 花吹雪 petals falling like a snow strom .
- - kigo for late spring - -



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. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #kudaranai #kudaranaimono #kudarizake - - - -
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2/20/2016

kekkon marriage

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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kekkon 結婚 konrei 婚礼 marriage in Edo
and engiri, en kiri 縁切り to cut a bond - divorce .  

under construction
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- quote
Love and Marriage
Among the textbooks that were commonly used during the Edo Period are a number of editions offering instruction on letter writing. One of them specifically addressed the art of composing love letters. As evidenced by the large number of such letters that have been found, moreover, one can surmised that written correspondence between lovers was a common practice.



Monogyny was the rule for both samurai aristocrats and commoners in the Edo period. Marriage partners were usually sought from families with similar social rank, and the consent of domainal and shogunal authorities were required for marriages involving samurai households. Wedding a partner of one's desire was rare, therefore, since the choice of spouse was made in accordance with the will and judgment of the parents. Cases of double suicide among young lovers were not uncommon when they found their parents' decisions unacceptable.

Those from low-ranking farming households that were less preoccupied with social status were freer to choose their own mates. Often, they met potential partners at local village festivals.

Tying the Knot
Marriage was a more formalized affair for higher-ranking farming households, though. Parents usually asked relatives and others with a broad network of acquaintances to find suitable marriage candidates. The family background of such candidates was checked, and if both families found the arrangement agreeable, a meeting was set up.

If both sides agreed to proceed with the marriage, an engagement ceremony was held, mediated by a village elder. On the day of the marriage, the groom visited the house of the bride, from where the couple, along with their parents and attendants, marched to the groom's house. The wedding ceremony was held at night, and the bride was introduced to members of the groom's village.

Marriage was even more complicated for leading aristocratic houses. A written request had to be submitted to the shogunal government, and newly married couples were required to visit Edo Castle to formally announce their wedlock.

The age of first marriage for women was much younger than it is today, although it rose toward the end of the Edo period. This was because girls began serving for a number of years as housemaids for aristocratic families and large landowners. Men who were employed business establishments were not allowed to marry until they were able to support a family, so their average age of first marriage over 40.

Divorces were fairly common, as were second, third, and even fourth marriages. Although it has been supposed that only the male had the right to demand a divorce, quite often divorce proceedings were initiated by the wife, and the cause of divorce was quite frequently the wife's involvement in an affair or her running away from home. In cases where discussions fail to produce an amicable divorce, women had a last-resort choice of seeking refuge in one of two temples in the country; after three years in the temple, the husband was unconditionally required to issue a letter of divorce.
- source : web-japan.org/tokyo/know/marriage / Hisako Hata


Introductory Meeting (Miai 見合い) the Carriage of the Virtuous Woman (Konrei nishiki misao-guruma 婚礼錦貞女車) - source : nhk.jp... -

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Japanese Weddings in the Edo Period (1615–1868)
Essay
daimyô wedding.
Konrei-dôgu shokikei sunpô-sho (Wedding Trousseau Items Size Manual)
- source : metmuseum.org- - Monika Bincsik

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Samurai's marriage in Edo Period
The wedding was called Koshi-ire (輿入れ).
Tokoiri (床入り), the first night the new couple goes to bed together.
- source : iromegane.com/japan/culture -

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. nakoodo isha 仲人医者 doctors as matchmakers for marriage .
keian 慶庵 / 桂庵 Keian matchmaker
Named after the famous matchmacer-doctor Yamato Keian 大和慶庵 (around 1653).

A 仲人 Nakodo go-between was necessary for a regular marriage in Edo.

miai 見合い, "matchmaking", lit. "looking at one another"
omiai, o-miai お見合い

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. Tookeiji 東慶寺 Tokei-Ji - Kamakura .

A nunnery that was a refuge for women who wanted to divorce their husbands.

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. Enkiri, engiri 縁切り to cut a bond - divorce .  

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


- reference : nichibun yokai database -
kekkon 結婚 100
konrei 婚礼 66
koshi-ire 輿入れ 02

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #kekkonmarriage #mariageinedo #enkiridivorce #divorceinedo - - - -
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1/30/2016

shuppansha publishing

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. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .
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shuppansha 出版社 publishing company, book publisher

There are various articles about books, publishing and famous publishers in the Edopedia.
This page will be updated regularly.



Edo no honyasan 江戸の本屋さん Book stores in Edo
今田洋三 Imada Yozo

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. akahon 赤本 red book .

bukan 武鑑 regional records of Samurai history
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Edo annai 江戸案内 guidebook of Edo

Edo machi kan, Edomachikan 江戸町鑑 records of districts in Edo
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Edo Meisho Zue 江戸名所図会, “Guide to famous Edo sites” .
Edo Meisho Hanagoyomi 江戸名所花暦 Flower Calendar of Famous Places in Edo

Eijudō 永寿堂 Eijudo publishing house
founded by Nishimurya Yohachi 西村屋与八
family name Hibino 日比野; in operation from ca. 1751 to 1860, in Edo, Nihonbashi Bakurochō 日本橋馬喰町

. ezooshi 絵草子 illustrated book or magazine .
「絵草子屋」 ezooshiya store
Ezoushi - Also written 絵双紙.
otogizooshi 御伽草子 popular tales
ukiyo zooshi 浮世草子 Ukiyo-zoshi - books about the floating world

. kashihonya, kashihon'ya 貸本屋 booklender, booklender
furuhonya, furu-honya 古本屋 selling old books .


. kawaraban 瓦版 Edo newspaper, handbill, broadside .
news broadsheet, lit. "tile-block printing" / yomiuri 読売、lit. "to read and sell"
Japanese newspapers (新聞 "shinbun")

mitate banzuke 見立番付 ranking of famous people or things
Shinpan mitate tsukemono zukushi Composite Make-Believe Objects by Ayasono

. kibyooshi 黄表紙 Kibyoshi, "yellow book covers" .

kokkeibon 滑稽本 humorous story books

. saiken 細見 "guide book" / Yoshiwara saiken 吉原細見 .
shibai saiken 芝居細見 guide book for theaters and actors
horizontal format (yokobon 横本), vertical format (tatebon 竪本)

. seihonshi 製本師 bookbinder - Buchbinder
seihonya 製本屋 - seihon gyoosha 製本業者 .

seihon ginooshi 製本技能士
seihon 製本 bookbinding - seihonjo 製本所 bookbinding factory, bookbindery, Buchbinderei
wasoobon, wasoohon 和装本 Japanese book making / wahon 和本 Japanese Book

. shunga 春画 "spring pictures" erotic pictures .

. Teikin Oorai, Teikin ōrai 庭訓往来 textbooks .
Kakimori Bunko 柿衛文庫 .

. Tsuruya Kiemon 鶴屋喜右衛門 Publisher 仙鶴堂 Senkakudo, Edo .

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Tsutaya Juuzaguroo, Tsutaya Jūzaburō 蔦屋重三郎 Tsutaya Jusaburo (1750 - 1797)
see below

. ukiyo-e shi 浮世絵師 Ukiyo-e producer .
ukiyo-e, lit. pictures of the floating world. Paintings and woodblock prints.
planned by the publisher hanmoto 版元 and produced in collaboration with the painter/designer eshi 絵師, carver horishi 彫師 and printer surishi 摺師.

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CLICK for more Japanese books !

出版文化と江戸の教養

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- - - - - common sizes of books

masugata-bon 枡形本 square book
mutsuhan-bon 六半本 sixth-size books
yokonaga-bon 横長本 "wider-than-high” books
yatsuhan-bon 八半本"eighth-sized” books
yotsuhan-bon 四半本 quarter-size books
and
大判 oversized books 


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Tsutaya Juuzaburoo, Tsutaya Jūzaburō 蔦屋重三郎 Tsutaya Jusaburo (1750 - 1797)

- quote -
. . . the founder and head of the Tsutaya publishing house in Edo, Japan, and produced illustrated books and ukiyo-e woodblock prints of many of the period's most famous artists. Tsutaya's is the best-remembered name of all ukiyo-e publishers. He is also known as Tsuta-Jū and Jūzaburō I.



Tsutaya set up his shop in 1774 and began by publishing guides to the Yoshiwara pleasure quarters.

- MORE in the wikipedia -



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the Book in Japan:
A Cultural History from the Beginnings to the Nineteenth Century
by Peter F. Kornicki (Author)

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- quote -
Printing and Publishing
Pre-Modern Printing
- - - - - Tokugawa Period
..... Roughly 300 titles were produced in the 1590s-1630s using moveable type, .....
- snip -
The earliest publishing houses emerged in Kyoto around 1600; simply called hon'ya (bookstores) they engaged in both printing/publishing and retail, and numbered over a hundred by the 1630s.
- snip -
Over the course of the entire Edo period, an estimated 3,757 publishing/bookstore operations were established in Japan, 1,530 of which went out of business before the end of the period.
- - - - - Process
Publishers would often initiate projects, deciding on themes and hiring illustrators or print designers. The illustrators would then submit their designs to the publisher, who would then take over much of the remainder of the process.
- hangiya (板木屋, block-carver)
- copyist or hanshitagaki (版下書)
- nishiki-e and surimono 摺物
- the verb 上梓 (jôshi), meaning "to print" or "to publish."
- woodblocks, known as zôhan (蔵版)
- - - - - Paper
- hemp (mashi 麻紙) - kôzo (楮) - Bamboo paper (tôshi 唐紙 or gasenshi 画箋紙)
- - - - - Pigments
- hide-glue called nikawa
Sumi - the same black ink used for painting and calligraphy was used for printing blacks and greys.
White pigments made from seashell (gofun) or lead oxide (enpaku)
Dayflower blue (tsuyukusa) - a light blue hue which reacts easily to moisture, turning yellow.
Prussian blue - the first chemical/artificial pigment developed in the world (i.e. deriving directly from neither vegetable or mineral sources); first used in Japan in 1829; a deep, rich blue that does not fade or discolor.
Beni (safflower red), used to produce various shades of red, pink, orange, and yellow.
Purples obtained by mixing dayflower blue with safflower red, or by other means.

- reference source : wiki.samurai-archives.com/index -
(very extensive reference !)

The Private World of Surimono
Japanese Prints from the Virginia Shawan Drosten and Patrick Kenadjian Collection
Yale University Press, 2020
Sadako Ohki with Adam Haliburto

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Japanese books
Books in Japan (和本, wahon or 和装本, wasouhon) have a long history, which begins in the late 8th century AD. The majority of books were hand-copied until the Edo period (1603–1867), when woodblock printing became comparatively affordable and widespread. Movable-type printing had been used from the late 16th century, but for various aesthetic and practical reasons woodblock printing and hand-copied remained dominant until much later. Japanese equivalents for "book" include 本 (hon) and 書籍 (shoseki). The former term indicates only bound books, and does not include scrolls. The latter is used for printed matter only. The most general term is 書物 (shomotsu), which means all written or printed matter that has been collected into a single unit, regardless of construction.
1 Book composition
1.1 Binding methods
1.1.1 Pre-binding books
1.1.2 Bound books
2 Printing history
2.1 Nara Period
2.2 Heian and Kamakura Periods
2.3 Muromachi Period
2.4 The early-modern printing revolution
2.5 Meiji Period and beyond
- reference : wikipedia -

江戸時代の出版
- reference : wikipedia -

. besutoseraa ベストセラー bestseller authors - list .

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. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

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- - - - - #shuppansha #publishinginedo #tsutaya #bestseller #surimono - - - -
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