Edo - the EDOPEDIA -

12/18/2019

Nagasaki Hita Kaido

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. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- Hita Kaido, Hizen Kaido, Chikuzen Kaido - see below -
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Nagasaki Kaido 長崎街道 Nagasaki Highway

. Food and sweets from Nagasaki 長崎県 .
The Nagasaki Highway was also called
シュガーロード sugar road / 砂糖の道 sato no michi
connecting Nagasaki and Kokura (Ogura) 小倉 in 福岡県 Fukuoka, Kyushu.
From there on to Kyoto during the Edo period. A lot of Western cultural elements travelled this road, when even very expensive white sugar was only available at the island of Dejima.

Towns along this road were able to produce sweets with white sugar.
for example
Ogi yookan 小城羊羹
in the town of Ogi in Saga prefecture. This Yokan is still made by hand. Water, agar, anko bean paste and sugar are stirred for a long time, then poured in a wooden form with lacquer finishing. When its gets dry it is taken out of the form, head up now with a frosted sugar coating, that gives a crunchy sound when biting into it.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- Postal stations along the Nagasaki Kaido

- - - - - Fukuoka Prefecture
Start : Tokiwabashi (常盤橋) (Kokura Kita-ku, Kitakyūshū)
1. Kurosaki-shuku (黒崎宿) (Yahata Nishi-ku, Kitakyūshū)
2. Koyanose-shuku (木屋瀬宿) (Yahata Nishi-ku, Kitakyūshū)
3. Iizuka-shuku (飯塚宿) (Iizuka)
4. Uchino-shuku (内野宿) (Iizuka)
5. Yamae-shuku (山家宿) (Chikushino)
6. Haruda-shuku (原田宿) (Chikushino)

- - - - - Saga Prefecture
7. Tashiro-shuku (田代宿) (Tosu)
8. Todoroki-shuku (轟木宿) (Tosu）
9. Nakabaru-shuku (中原宿) (Miyaki, Miyaki District)
10. Kanzaki-shuku (神埼宿) (Kanzaki)
11. Sakaibaru-shuku (境原宿) (Kanzaki)
12. Saga-shuku (佐賀宿) (Saga)
13. Ushizu-shuku (牛津宿) (Ogi)
14. Oda-shuku (小田宿) (Kōhoku, Kishima District)
15. Kitagata-shuku (北方宿) or Naruse-shuku (鳴瀬宿) (Takeo)
16. Tsukasaki-shuku (塚崎宿) or Shiota-shuku (塩田宿) (Takeo)
17. Ureshino-shuku (嬉野宿) (Ureshino)

- - - - - Nagasaki Prefecture
18. Sonogi-shuku (彼杵宿) (Higashisonogi, Higashisonogi District)
19. Matsubara-shuku (松原宿) (Ōmura)
20. Ōmura-shuku (大村宿) (Ōmura)
21. Eishō-shuku (永昌宿) (Isahaya)
22. Yagami-shuku (矢上宿) (Nagasaki)
23. Himi-shuku (日見宿) (Nagasaki)
End - Nagasaki　長崎
source : wikipedia

- photo by Masanori Ootani, facebook -

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Hizen Chikuzen Kaido 肥前・筑前街道
Crossing from 福岡県筑紫郡那珂川町 Fukuoka, Chikushi district, Nakagawa
to
佐賀県神埼郡吉野ヶ里町 Saga, Kanzaki district, Yoshinogari
via the
Sefurizaka-goe 脊振坂越 Serifuri Pass

Mount Sefuri (脊振山, Sefuri-san)
is a 1,054.6 m peak of the Sefuri Mountains, which are located on the border of Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, and Kanzaki, Saga Prefecture, Japan.
This mountain is the tallest peak of the Sefuri Mountain range between Fukuoka Prefecture and Saga Prefecture. Before the Meiji Restoration, this mountain was a center of the Shugendo religion in this region, along with Mount Hiko. Mount Sefuri is the location where the Buddhist priest Eisai first planted tea after his return to Japan from Song dynasty China in the Kamakura period.
The northern part of Kanzaki city is located in the middle of the Sefuri Mountains.
The southern part consists of the north bank of the Chikugo River and the Saga Plains, and the Jōbaru River runs through the middle portion of the city. The southeast border with Kurume in Fukuoka Prefecture is formed by the Chikugo River.
source : wikipedia

Hizen Province (肥前国, Hizen no kuni)
was an old province in the area of Saga and Nagasaki prefectures,
Hizen bordered on the provinces of Chikuzen and Chikugo.

Chikuzen Province (筑前国, Chikuzen no kuni)
was an old provincein the area that is today part of Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyūshū.
It was sometimes called Chikushū (筑州) or Chikuyō (筑陽), with Chikugo Province. Chikuzen bordered Buzen, Bungo, Chikugo, and Hizen Provinces.

Kanzaki soomen 神埼そうめん(神崎素麺) somen noodles from Kanzaki
They are prepared with the fresh water from rivers from the mountain area of Mount Sefuri 脊振. They are quite chewy, but smooth. You can enjoy them cold in summer and hot in winter.
. . . CLICK here for Photos of the noodles !

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Hita Kaido 日田街道 / 日田往還 Hita Okan
Oita / Fukuoka

Connecting Hita with Fukuoka

. Hita 日田市 - Bungo no Kuni Hita 豊後国日田 .
Part of the old Bungo region is now in Oita prefecture, part in Fukuoka.
In the Edo period Hita was Tenryo 天領 land under the supervision of the Tokugawa government because of the mines.
- Taio kinzan 鯛生金山 Taio Gold Mine, goldmine in Nakatsu
大分県日田市中津江村合瀬
- Hita Gion Matsuri 日田祇園祭り　Hita Gion Festival
- Hita Tenryo Matsuri　日田天領まつり　Hita Tenryo Festival

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- quote -
Fukuoka Domain (福岡藩, Fukuoka han)
It was associated with Chikuzen Province in modern-day Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyushu. The domain was also sometimes referred to as Chikuzen Domain, or as Kuroda Domain, after the ruling Kuroda family.
In the han system, Fukuoka was a political and economic abstraction based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields. In other words, the domain was defined in terms of kokudaka, not land area. This was different from the feudalism of the West. With its rating of 473,000 koku, the domain was the fifth-largest in Japan, excluding the domains held by the Tokugawa-Matsudaira dynasty.
... The Kuroda clan
I. Kuroda Nagamasa, 1st daimyō of Fukuoka (ca. 1600)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Kuroda Kanbei Yoshitaka 黒田官兵衛孝高 . - (1546 - 1604)
and his son 長政 Nagamasa

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- quote -
Fukuoka city (福岡市, Fukuoka-shi)
is the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, Kyushu.
- - - Exchanges from the continent and the Northern Kyushu area date as far back as Old Stone Age.
It has been thought that waves of immigrants arrived in Northern Kyushu from mainland Asia. Several Kofun burial mounds exist.
- - - History
Fukuoka was sometimes called the Port of Dazaifu (大宰府), 15 km southeast from Fukuoka. Dazaifu was an administrative capital in 663 A.D., but a historian proposed that a prehistoric capital was in the area. Ancient texts, such as the Kojiki, Kanyen (found in Dazaifu) and archaeology confirm this was a very critical place in the founding of Japan. Some scholars claim that it was the first place outsiders and the Imperial Family set foot, but like many early Japan origin theories, it remains contested. Central Fukuoka is sometimes still referred as Hakata which is the name of the central ward.
- In 923, the Hakozaki-gū
in Fukuoka was transferred from Daibu-gū in Daibu (大分), 16 km (10 mi) northeast from Dazaifu, the origin of Usa Shrine and established as a branch of the Usa Shrine at Fukuoka. In Ooho (大保), 15 km (9 mi) south from Dazaifu, there are remains of a big ward office with a temple, because in ancient East Asia, an emperor must have three great ministries (大宰, 大傳 and 大保). In fact, there is a record in Chinese literature that a king of Japan sent a letter in 478 to ask the Chinese emperor's approval for employing three ministries. In addition, remains of the Korokan (鴻臚館, Government Guest House) were found in Fukuoka underneath a part of the ruins of Fukuoka Castle.
- Mongol invasions (1274–1281)
- Formation of the modern city (1889)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

.................................................................................　Oita 大分県

. Kōbō Daishi Kūkai 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説　 Kobo Daishi Kukai Legends .

Once Kukai asked for some negi 葱 leek, but the farmer did not give him any.
The next day all the leek had dried and nothing would grow on the field any more.
Another time he came to a river where an old woman washed potatoes and daikon 大根 radish.
He asked her to give him some but she only gave him a dirty potato.
Soon after the water in the river did not flow any more.

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日田市 Hita city 渡里 Watari

. Oni densetsu 鬼伝説　Regional Demon Legends - Oita .
At the small hamlet of Watari there is a place where the head of an Oni demon is burried. But maybe it was just a local thief.

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. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake legends .
At a hamlet called 松原 Matsubara in Hita there appeared a huge serpent. It was very long and rather black, its face long like this of a horse with ears. A farmer painted a picture of it and then it was called kyuuryoo 虬龍 "Serpent-Dragon", a legendary animal.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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12/16/2019

Tonogayato Garden Kaido

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. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Tonogayato Teien 殿ヶ谷戸庭園 Tonogayato Garden, Park
6 Chome-69-30 Nishi-Sunacho, Tachikawa, Tokyo

- reference : 庭園へ行こう > 殿ヶ谷戸庭園 -

- quote
Tonogayato Garden (殿ヶ谷戸庭園, Tonogayato Teien)
is a traditional Japanese garden located in Kokubunji, Tokyo. Its name comes from the region's old name, Tonogayato, Kokubunji village. The garden covers an area of 21,124 square metres (5.2 acres).
- - - - - History
The garden was laid out between 1913-15 in the grounds of a villa built for Eguchi Teijo, the Vice-President of the Manchurian Railway, who was a senior director of the Mitsubishi group. In 1929, the garden was purchased by the founder of Mitsubishi, Iwasaki Yatarō, who completed it as a circular style garden with a tea house. It was used as a villa for the Iwasaki Family. In response to a plan to develop the area for other uses, local residents started a campaign to preserve the garden. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government eventually purchased it in 1974 and opened it to the public in 1979. In 1998, the Tonogayato Garden was designated as a Place of Scenic Beauty by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
- - - - - Features
The garden is centered on a pond and uses the natural terrain of the Musashino Plateau by incorporating the valleys found in the terrace cliffs into its design. The highlight is the strikingly different types of landscape: a scenic spacious lawn on the top, steep slopes, a pond with waterfalls and bamboo forest at the bottom. There is a depression in the pond containing a natural spring called Jiro Benten that provides large quantities of fresh water. Water that runs off the cliff is a part of the source of the Nogawa River.
A tea house called Koyo-tei is also situated in the gardens.
- more in the wikipedia

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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- quote -
３．五日市街道沿いに、西砂町宮沢交差点近く。
五日市街道に交差する道は、北側が「殿ヶ谷街道」 Tonogaya Kaido
昔は、
殿ヶ谷戸という地名は、小字（こあざ）名で、丸山も含めたこの辺一帯の地名だった。谷戸（やと）という地名からすると丸山と小高い殿ヶ谷戸庭園の（国分寺）崖線との中間地帯のイメージだが、小字名としての殿ヶ谷戸は範囲が広く、そのため、地図では丸山の反対側にある長谷戸の北にある縄文遺跡の発掘地も「とのがや遺跡」と呼ばれている。
その「とのがや遺跡」
の発見時の話しが国分寺市の「ふるさと国分寺のあゆみ」という本に掲載されている。1894年（明治27年）に「東京人類学会雑誌」という雑誌に発表された論文では「遺跡の位置」を「東京から来てレールの左側の「ひよどり越え」あるいは「とのが谷」といわれている場所」としていた。ちなみにこの地に中央線が開通したのは明治22年である。
- reference source : green.ap.teacup.com/kisuge -

殿ヶ谷街道 Tonogaya Kaido Highway
殿ヶ谷の道 Tonogaya no michi

- 西砂川 Nishi-Suna - 殿ヶ谷街道 - photos

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Iwasaki Yataro 岩崎弥太郎 Iwasaki Yatarō
(1834 - 1885)

- quote -
a Japanese financier and shipping industrialist, and the founder of Mitsubishi.
Iwasaki was born in a provincial farming family in Aki, Tosa province (now Kōchi Prefecture), the great-grandson of a man who had sold his family's samurai status in obligation of debts. Iwasaki began his career as an employee of the Yamauchi clan. The clan had business interests in many parts of Japan.
Iwasaki left for Edo (now Tokyo) aged nineteen for his education. He interrupted his studies a year later when his father was seriously injured in a dispute with the village headman. When the local magistrate refused to hear his case, Iwasaki accused him of corruption. Iwasaki was sent to prison for seven months. After his release, Iwasaki was without a job for a time before finding work as a teacher.
Returning to Edo,
he socialised with political activists and studied under the reformist Yoshida Toyo, who influenced him with ideas of opening and developing the then-closed nation through industry and foreign trade. Through Yoshida, he found work as a clerk for the Yamauchi government, and bought back his family's samurai status. He was promoted to the top position at the Yamauchi clan's trading office in Nagasaki, responsible for trading camphor oil and paper to buy ships, weapons, and ammunition. ...
Iwasaki became president of Mitsubishi in March 1870. ...
- more in the wikipedia -

岩崎弥太郎 by 立石優 Tateishi Yu (1935 - )

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Kokubunji shi 国分寺市 Kokubunji city .
..... located on the Musashino Terrace of western Tokyo.

. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #tonogayatopark #iwasakiyataro #tonogayakaido - - - -
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12/14/2019

Bungo Kaido Highway

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. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Bungo Kaido 豊後街道 Bungo Highway

Connecting 熊本 Kumamoto city with 鶴崎 Tsurusaki in Oita.
About 124 km long. Now mostly National Highway 57.
In former times it took 5 days from Kumamoto to the harbour of Tsurusaki, and from there by ship on to Edo.

source : kusennjyu.exblog.jp...

Higo no Kuni Kumamoto 肥後国熊本 (present-day Kumamoto city)
Bungo no Kuni Tsurusaki 豊後国鶴崎 (present-day in Oita city)

Also called
Bungo Okan 豊後往還 Bungo Road / Higo Okan 肥後往還 Higo road

Built mostly by 加藤清正 Kato Kiyomasa for Sankin Kotai of 熊本藩 the Kumamoto domain
and 岡藩 the Oka domain (located in Oita).
The part leading from Oita to 肥後国 Higo no Kuni (Kumamoto) was called
Higo Kaido 肥後街道 Higo Highway.

. Kato Kiyomasa 加藤清正 (1562 - 1611) .

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- stations on the road -
Kumamoto castle, Fuda no Tsuji 熊本城の札の辻
大津 Ozu (菊池郡 Kikuchi district)
内牧 Uchinomaki
白丹 Shirani
久住 Kuju
境川 Sakaigawa
追分 Oiwake
上野 Ueno
神堤 Kamitsutsumi
今市 Imaichi
野津原 Notsuhara
木上 Kinoe
八幡田 Hachimanda
津守 Tsumori
萩原 Hagiwara
鶴崎 Tsurusaki

Kumamoto Prefecture
Starting Location: Kumamoto Castle (熊本城) (Kumamoto)
1. Ōzu-shuku (大津宿) (Ōzu, Kikuchi District)
2. Uchinomaki-shuku (内牧宿) (Aso)
3. Sakanashi-shuku (坂梨宿) (Aso)

Ōita Prefecture
4. Kujū-shuku (久住宿) (Taketa)
5. Imaichi-shuku (今市宿) (Ōita)
6. Notsuhara-shuku (野津原宿) (Ōita)
Ending Location: Port of Tsurusaki (鶴崎港) (Ōita)

野津原 Notsuhara

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The part from Kumamoto to Ozu was called
Ozu Kaido 大津街道 Ozu Highway.

The part from 大津町 Ozu town to 阿蘇市 Aso city was called
Seisho Kodo 清正公道（せいしょこどう）Road of Kiyomasa

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- - - - - Kumamoto no Ishitatami no Michi 石畳の道 old roads with stone pavement

At some parts of the old road there are still 石畳 stone pavements and 杉並木 roads lined with cedar trees.
The stone pavement was usually 3.8 m wide and sometimes lasted for more than 500 m.

Bentenzaka no ishitatami 弁天坂石畳 Benten slope
About 3.7 m wide and 80 m long. Built in 1807, taking 4 years.
Now there is a favorite promenade called 弁天坂の石畳.

Futae no Toge 二重峠 Futae Pass stone pavement

Imaichi no ishitatami 今市の石畳
野津原町今市の石畳 Notsuhara town Imaichi no ishitatami
About 8.5 m wide and 660 m long.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Sakanashi 坂梨 "no slope"
There was a postal station in Sakanashi.
From Sakanashi Sekisho 坂梨関所 the barrier station up to the slope of the outer ring of the mountain the pavement was 3 km long.
At the top of the slope was a Shrine, 護法社 Gosama ごうさま」.
- - - The Sakanashi clan 坂梨氏
阿蘇大宮司族 . High Priests at the Aso Shrine.
. Aso jinja 阿蘇神社 Aso Shrine .

Sakai no Matsuzaka ishitatami 境ノ松坂石畳
About 2.3 m wide and 200 m long. The stones are now covered with moss.
From here it is not far to the border of Oita. It was the last difficult pass in Higo.

stone pavement at Takimurozaka slope 滝室坂石畳
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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hyakken ishigaki 百閒石垣 stone wall of 100 ken length
at Kumamoto castle, about 180 long.

The Samurai 山東弥源太 Santo Yagenta jumped down this wall to his death when he realized his life was lost during the fight.

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- quote -
- - - - - The Hosokawa clan 細川氏 - - - - -
The Hosokawa of Kokura (later Kumamoto) became the "main" line of the Hosokawa clan during the Edo period. Hosokawa Gracia, the wife of Hosokawa Tadaoki, was one of the most famous samurai converts to Christianity; she was also the daughter of Akechi Mitsuhide.
The Hosokawa sided with Tokugawa Ieyasu against Ishida Mitsunari during the decisive Sekigahara Campaign, and thus were made fudai (inside) daimyō under the Tokugawa shogunate. They were given Higo Province, with an income of 540,000 koku, as their han (fief).
Hosokawa Tadatoshi, the third lord of Kumamoto, was the patron of the swordsman Miyamoto Musashi.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

旧細川刑部邸 mansion of 細川興孝 Lord Hosokawa Okitaka
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

細川コレクション　永青文庫展示室 Hosokawa art collection museum
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

一夜塘（いちやども）Ichiyadomo Embankment to prevent flooding
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Constructed in 1796 by 細川斉茲 Lord Hosokawa Narishige. The stone wall of about 70 length is still there.
If this embankment would break, the town of Kumamoto would be flooded "in one night" (ichiya 一夜).

武蔵塚公園 Musashizuka Koen - Miyamoto Musashi Park and memorial mound
Tatsuda yuge, Kita Ward, Kumamoto
To pray for the safe travel of Sankin Kotai to Edo by the Hosokawa clan.
Inscription : 新免武蔵居士石塔
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

上井手 Kami-Ide, Uwaide, Uwa-Ide / Kamiide
An irrigation canal of about 24 km length to prevent flooding from the river 白川.
Built by Kiyomasa, 細川忠利 Hosokawa Tadatoshi and 光尚 Hosokasa Mitsutoshi.
Uwaide became a postal station for the Hosokawa clan.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

波奈之丸（なみなしまる）Naminashimaru
official ship for Sankin Kotai, stationed ad Tsurusaki.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

鉄砲小路 Teppo Koji Road where the 鉄砲衆 gunmen lived
About 4 ml long, now national road nr. 311.
Built in 1635 by 細川忠利 Hosokawa Tadatoshi.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

泰勝寺 Temple Taisho-Ji
remains of the Bodai-Ji 菩提寺 family temple of the Hosokawa clan
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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熊本城本丸御殿 Kumamoto castle palace
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

立田口赤鳥居 red Torii gate at Tatsutaguchi
at the Shrine 立田口大神宮 Tatsutaguchi Daijingu / 竜田口 Tatsudaguchi
Tsuboi, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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鼻ぐり井手 Hanaguri Ide canal

The Hanaguri Ide is a specially constructed 387-meter canal in Kikuyō, Kumamoto, Japan, which lets water flow into the downstream without depositing the mixed ash. The Aso area from which water flows is rich in such ash, volcanic in nature.
Built around 1608 by Kato Kiyomasa.

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円通庵（芭蕉塚）Entsu-An and Mound for 芭蕉 Matsuo Basho
built in 1793 to commemorate the Haiku poet.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

光尊寺 Temple Kosen-Ji
Built in 1652. With a stone brige at the entrance, built in 1815.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

的石の御茶屋 Matoishi Tea House
Used during Sankin Kotai as a rest place. with a beautiful large park.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

的石 Matoishi "the Target Rock"
The deity of Aso Shrine 健磐龍命 Tateiwatatsu no Mikoto used this rock to practise with bow and arrow, standing on 往生岳 Mount Ojodake, one of the five mountains of Aso.
The arrows were collected by 鬼八（きはち) Kihachi. Once Kihachi was not fast enough to bring the 100 arrows and the angry Deity cut off his head. Kihachi took revenge by blowing frost over the land, and the harvest was lost.
The shrine 霜宮 Shimomiya was built in his honor.
. 霜宮 Shimomiya . Shimo Jinja 　霜神社 "Frost Shrine".

- extensive reference with photos - kumanago .jp -

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- quote
Bungo Province (豊後国, Bungo no kuni)
was a province of Japan in eastern Kyūshū in the area of Ōita Prefecture. It was sometimes called Hōshū (豊州), with Buzen Province.
Bungo bordered Buzen, Hyūga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen Provinces.
- - - - - History
At the end of the 7th century, Toyo Province was split into Buzen (literally, "the front of Toyo") and Bungo ("the back of Toyo"). Until the Heian period, Bungo was read as Toyokuni no Michi no Shiri.
It is believed that the capital of Bungo was located in Furugō (古国府), literally "old capital," section of the city of Ōita, but as of 2016 no archaeological evidence has been found.
The honor of the holiest Shinto shrine of Bungo Province (豊前一宮, Buzen ichinomiya) was given to Usa Shrine known as Usa Hachimangu or Usa Jingu in Usa district (today Usa, Ōita). Usa shrine had not only religious authority but also political influence to local governance, but their influence was reduced until the Sengoku period.
During the Sengoku period,
in the middle of the 16th century, Bungo was a stronghold of the Ōtomo clan. The Ōuchi clan in the western Chūgoku Region was influenced to Buzen politics. In the middle of the period, both clans declined. After Toyotomi Hideyoshi also took the power in Kyūshū, 120 thousand koku of Buzen province was given to Kuroda Yoshitaka since 1587, who made Kokura, currently part of Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, his site and built the castle. Other parts of the province were divided into pieces and given to other daimyōs.
In the year 1600
the Dutch ship piloted by the Englishman Will Adams foundered on Bungo's coast. When Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu interviewed Adams, his suspicions were confirmed that the Jesuits, who had been allowed to operate in Japan since the 1540s, were intent on gaining control of the country. When the time was right, in 1614, Ieyasu banished all Christian activity. Thus, Adams' landing in Bungo proved significant to the nation's subsequent history.This series of historic events was the basis of the 1975 book Shogun, and the 1980 miniseries of the same name.
In the Meiji period,
the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Bungo Province were reformed in the 1870s.
- source : wikipedia

- Historical districts -
Amabe District (海部郡)
Hayami District (速見郡)
Hita District (日高郡)
Kusu District (球珠郡)
Kunisaki District (国埼郡)
Naoiri District (直入郡)
Ōno District (大野郡)
Ōita District (大分郡)

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- quote -
Higo Province (肥後国, Higo no kuni)
was an old province of Japan in the area that is today Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū.
t was sometimes called Hishū (肥州), with Hizen Province. Higo bordered on Chikugo, Bungo, Hyūga, Ōsumi, and Satsuma Provinces.
- - - - - History
The castle town of Higo was usually at Kumamoto City.
During the Muromachi period, Higo was held by the Kikuchi clan, but they were dispossessed during the Sengoku period, and the province was occupied by neighboring lords, including the Shimazu clan of Satsuma, until Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded Kyūshū and gave Higo to his retainers, first Sassa Narimasa and later Katō Kiyomasa. The Kato were soon stripped of their lands, and the region was given to the Hosokawa clan.
During the Sengoku Period,
Higo was a major center for Christianity in Japan, and it is also the location where Miyamoto Musashi stayed at the Hosokawa daimyō's invitation while completing his The Book of Five Rings.
In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Higo Province were reformed in the 1870s. At the same time, the province continued to exist for some purposes.
For example, Higo is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the United States and (b) between Japan and the United Kingdom.
- source : wikipedia -

- Historical districts -
Akita District (飽田郡)
Amakusa District (天草郡)
Ashikita District (葦北郡)
Aso District (阿蘇郡)
Gōshi District (合志郡)
Kikuchi District (菊池郡)
Kuma District (球磨郡)
Mashiki District (益城郡)
Takuma District (託麻郡)
Tamana District (玉名郡)
Uto District (宇土郡)
. Yamaga 山鹿 .
Yamamoto District (山本郡)
Yatsushiro District (八代郡)

- quote -
The Kikuchi clan (菊池氏, Kikuchi-shi) of Higo Province
was a powerful daimyō family of Higo, Kyūshū. The lineage was renowned for valiant service in defense of the emperor and against foreign invaders. They first distinguished itself during the Jürchen invasion of northern Kyūshū in 1019 and rose to prominence during the Mongol invasions of Japan, when the heroism of Kikuchi Takefusa helped drive back the enemy.
The Kikuchi were active in the Kenmu Restoration (1333-1336), an attempt by the emperor Go-Daigo to reassert imperial authority against the Kamakura shogunate.

Kikuchi Noritaka / Fujiwara no Noritaka 藤原則隆 - Heian period
Kikuchi Jirō Takefusa (菊池次郎武房) (1245 – 1285)
Kikuchi Yuriko (1505–1554) - The last and 26th head of the Kikuchi Clan ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

菊池一族 The Kikuchi Clan
阿蘇品保夫 Asoshina Yasuo

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. Satsuma Kaido 薩摩街道 Satsuma Highway .

Bungo Kaido (this page)

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .

. Hyuga Kaido 日向街道 Hyuga Highway .

. Miike Kaido 三池街道 / Miike Okan 三池往還 Miike Road . - Kumamoto

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

豊後国直入地方の民間伝承 Legends from the Naoiri region of Bungo.
長山源雄　Nagayama Motoo

shiratori 白鳥 a white bird
The emperor 景行天皇 Keiko Tenno (大足彦天皇) had dispatched 菟名手（うなて）Unate (Unade), an ancestor of the Bungo regents, to Bungo, to the village 中臣村 Nakatomi.
He saw a white bird coming from the North and caught it.
The bird turned into mochi 餅 rice cakes, then into many thousand ietsuimo 芋草 plants.
So the Emperor named this area 豊国 Bungo "rich and plentiful land".

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .
and Emperor Keikō (景行天皇, Keikō-tennō) (13 BC - 130)

.................................................................................　Oita 大分県
直入郡 Naoiri district 柏原村 Kashiwara village

sakana 魚 fish
Once upon a time
a man from the hamlet Hiroto caught a large fish at the riverside 黒太郎淵 Kurotarobuchi.
He wanted to carry it home in the net when he heard a voice from the river and the fish answered.
Afraid the man hung the net on a pine tree and run away as fast as he could.

.................................................................................　Kumamoto 熊本県
菊池郡 Kikuchi district 大津町 Ozu town

. amagoi 雨乞いと伝説 Legends about rain rituals / Regenzauber .
At the Shrine in 肥後の真木村 Maki village in Higo the main festival is on the 15th day of the 10th lunar month.
Even if the day starts out fine, there will be a lot of rain later on.
If the day starts with clouds, there will be no rain later on.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

. Edo, Tokyo　江戸 - 東京 - 伝説 Legends Index .
26 豊後国 (01)
66 豊後

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12/12/2019

Hyuga Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Hyuga Kaido 日向街道 / Hyuga Okan 日向往還 Hyuga Highway
a part is also called
Bungo Michi 豊後道 Bungo road
From Oita via Miyazaki to Kagoshima.

日 means the sun // 向 means direction　- "facing the sun"

Miyazaki, 宮崎県, the former Hyuga province 日向国 was also called
日州（にっしゅう）Nisshu
向州（こうしゅう）Koshu

The part of the road running through Hyuga (Miyazaki) is the main part of this highway.

●府内○府内城○西寒多神社 Funai (Oita)
●小野市　Onoichi

●延岡 Nobeoka (Miyazaki)
●高千穂 Takachiho ○天岩戸神社○高千穂峡○高千穂神社 Shrine Takachiho Jinja
●国見ヶ丘 Kunimigaoka Hill
●日向岬 Hyuga Misaki
●美々津 Mimitsu town
●都農 Tsuno ○ 巨田神社 Shrine Kota Jinja
●佐土原 Sadowara
●宮崎 Miyazaki ○宮崎神宮○ 青島神社 Shrine Aoshima Jinja
●高岡 Takaoka
●都城 Miyakonojo city

●霧島 Kirishima ○ 霧島神宮 Shrine Kirishima Jingu (Kagoshima)
●牧之原 Makinohara city
●国分 Kokubun ○鹿児島神宮 Shrine Kagoshima Jingu
●加治木 Kajiki town ○ 仙巌園 Sengan-En
●鹿児島 Kagoshima

- - - Sengan-en is a Japanese garden attached to the former residence of the Shimazu clan in Kagoshima,

- map of Miyazaki prefecture -

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- The following source lists different places -

日向街道は - 総距離：211.5km about 211 km

大分 Oita
犬飼 Inukai
菅尾 Sugao
三重町 Miemachi town
三国峠 Mikuni Toge Pass
樫峰　/ 樫ヶ峰 Mount Kashigamine
宇目 Ume town
重岡 Shigeoka
梓峠 Azusa Toge Pass
北川 Kitagawa
日向長井 Hyuga-Nagai town
延岡 Nobeoka city
土々呂 Totoro town
日向市 Hyuga city
南日向 Minami-Hyuga town
美々津 Mimitsu town
都濃 Tsuno
高鍋 Takanabe
新富町 Shintomi town
本庄川 River Honjogawa
高岡 Takaoka
去川 River Sarukawa
雀ケ野 Suzumegano town　Miyazaki
石山 Ishiyama town

- reference source : blog.jinriki.info/kacchan... -

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高千穂と日向街道 Takachiho and Hyuga Kaido
安藤保 // 大賀郁夫

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- The following source lists different places -

日向街道は Hyuga Kaido is about 236 km.
山国橋 Yamakunibashi (吉富町広津)から佐土原 Sadowara (西都市現王島)までの約236kmの街道です。
- reference source : gpscycling.net/tokaido -

Yamakunibashi 山国橋（福岡県吉富町－大分県中津市） from Fukuoka, Yoshitomi town to Oita, Nakatsu city

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- The following source lists different places -

日向街道歩きコースプラン
コース - - - - - ハイライト・見所
1 門司港、小倉 - - - - - 門司港レトロ、小倉城 Mojiko, Kokura
2 苅田町与原～行橋、中津 - - - - - 旧飴屋門、中津城 .. Kanda town, Nakatsu
3 宇佐神宮周辺 - - - - - 本殿、南楼門、西大門、呉橋 Usa Jingu
4 豊後高田 - - - - - 昭和の街 Bungo Takada
5 中山香～田染 - - - - - 熊野磨崖仏 Nakayamaga- Tashibu
6 杵築の散策 - - - - - 杵築城、武家屋敷、坂道ウォ―ク Kitsuki
7 西鹿鳴越～豊後豊岡 - - - - - ザビエルの通った道 Nishi-Kanagoe
8 亀川～東別府 - - - - - 竹瓦温泉 Kamegawa - Higashi-Beppu
9 大分市街、中戸次 - - - - - 府内城、中戸次の町並み Oita city
10 臼杵、延岡、日向市 - - - - - 臼杵石仏、仁王座歴史の道 Usuki - Nobeoka - Hyuga city
11 美々津、西都市東米良 - - - - - 美々津の町並み、銀鏡神楽 Mimitsu

- reference source : kaidoaruki.com/area_kyusyu/hyuuga... -

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- quote -
Mimitsu History
Mimitsu is located at the mouth of the Mimi River in northern Miyazaki on the east coast of Kyushu. It is now administratively a part of Hyuga City, named after the old name of the province.
According to the ancient myths set down in Japan's oldest books, Kojiki and Nihongi,
Mimitsu is where the mythical first emperor of Japan, Jimmu, built a fleet and set sail to conquer central Japan and set up the Yamato Dynasty.
In historical times
Mimitsu became a thriving port servicing the trade between Kyushu and the central Japanese ports and trading centres of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto.

With so many merchants, shipping agents and sea captains other people referred to "the thousand houses of Mimitsu", though that may have been an exaggeration.
- source : japanvisitor.com... -

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- The following long source lists different places -

日向往還（ひゅうがおうかん）Hyuga Okan
https://kumanago.jp/contents/yonkaido/map_hyuga_index.html

日向往還（ひゅうがおうかん）Hyuga Okan Road
熊本～日向・延岡 Road for the Sankin Kotai, from 熊本 Kumamoto via 日向 Hyuga to 延岡 Nobeoka, along the 九州山脈 Kyushu Mountain Range.
Also used for the trade of normal people, called
民の道 Tami no Michi.

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札の辻 Fuda no Tsuji (at Kumamoto castle)
Mifune-guchi 御船口
From here, 木山往還 the Kiyama Okan branches road off.
At the crossroads is a statue of Jizo Bosatsu.

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. Hōgyū Jizō 放牛地蔵 Hogyu Jizo, Kumamoto .
. . . . . stone statues made by Buddhist monk Hōgyū (around 1672-1732).

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六嘉神社 Shrine Rokka Jinja / 六嘉宮 Rokka-Gu
六嘉の獅子舞い famous for its lion dance during the annual festival in October.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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足手荒神 Ashite Kojin / 甲斐神社 Shrine Kai Jinja
Kamirokka, Kashima, Kamimashiki District
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
In memory of lord 甲斐宗運 Kai Soun (1515 - 1585), who got severe wounds in his legs and arms (足手 ashi te ).
Now people come here to pray for healing of their legs and arms.

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八勢目鑑橋　Yase Meganebashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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門前川橋（御船町）Monzenkawa Meakira Bridge (Mifune town)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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凱旋門 Gaisenmon gate (Mifune town)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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下鶴橋（御船町）Shimotsurubashi bridge (Mifune town)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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馬見原　Mamihara town
Yamato town, Kami-Mashiki District, Kumamoto

An important 宿場町 postal station of the Hyuga Highway. There were many pack horses to be seen, hence the name mami 馬見 horses to be seen.

馬見原橋 Mamiharabashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

馬見原火伏地蔵堂 Mamihara Hibuse Jizo Hall
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
A large festival for fire prevention is held in August.

夫婦岩 Meoto-iwa rock for a couple
Near the 馬見原商店街 Shopping street of Mamihara
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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通潤橋 Tsujunkyo bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Tsūjun Bridge is an aqueduct in Yamato, Kumamoto, Japan.
It is an arch bridge completed in 1854 and is 84.0m long. The arch spans 27.3m. It is the largest stone aqueduct in Japan.
- quote wikipedia -

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金内橋 Kaneuchibashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Arches over the river 御船川 Mifunegawa.

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立野橋 Tatenobashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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浜町橋　Hamamachibashi bridge
Hamamachi town was an important station of the 日向往還 Hyuga Okan road.
Now there are three roads passing here.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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夕尺橋 Yujakubashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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- quote -
Hyūga Province (日向国, Hyūga no kuni)
was an old province of Japan on the east coast of Kyūshū, corresponding to the modern Miyazaki Prefecture. It was sometimes called Nisshū (日州) or Kōshū (向州).
Hyūga bordered on Bungo, Higo, Ōsumi, and Satsuma Province.
In the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki,
Hyūga is called Kumaso Province (熊曽国, Kumaso no kuni) of Tsukushi-no-shima (Kyushu), along the provinces of Tsukushi, Toyo and Hi.
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713),
the land of Hyūga was administratively separated from Ōsumi Province (大隈国). In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other catastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period.
During the Sengoku period,
the area was often divided into a northern fief around Agata castle (near modern Nobeoka), and a southern fief around Obi castle, near modern Nichinan. The southern fief was held by the Shimazu clan of nearby Satsuma for much of the period.
The Itō clan held control of Hyuga until it was conquered by the Shimazu in 1578.
- source : wikipedia -

Higashi-Soo District (東囎唹郡)
Koyu District (児湯郡)
Miyazaki District (宮崎郡)
Morokata District (諸県郡)
Naka District (那珂郡)
Usuki District (臼杵郡)

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Himukai Daijingu 日向大神宮（ひむかいだいじんぐう） - Kyoto

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総武本線日向街道踏切（八街～日向間）

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. Satsuma Kaido 薩摩街道 Satsuma Highway .
A road connecting 日向 Hyuga, a port city in 宮崎県 Miyazaki with 鹿児島城 Kagoshima castle.

. Bungo Kaido 豊後街道 Bungo Highway .

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .

Hyuga Kaido (this page)

. Miike Kaido 三池街道 / Miike Okan 三池往還 Miike Road . - Kumamoto

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Miyazaki 宮崎県

kami no ke 髪の毛 hair
Near 日向国中村 Nakamura village in Hyuga there lived a farmer.
His right cheek suddenly begun to swell and from the wound something like the grease of a wild boar came out. Then came about 200 beard hairs from a boar.
After that the wound healed.

. inoshishi 猪と伝説 Legends about the wild boar, Wildschwein .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
11 日向国 (01)
114 日向 (00)

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12/10/2019

Buzen Kaido Highway

- Postal stations and spots on the road -
Kitagami 北上
Ueki 植木
Kao 鹿央
. Yamaga 山鹿 .
Nagomi 和水
Nankan 南関
Buzen 豊前
Kokura 小倉 - Fukuoka
. シュガーロード sugar road / 砂糖の道 sato no michi .
The road between Nagasaki and Kokura (Ogura) 小倉, then on to Kyoto during the Edo period.
A lot of Western cultural elements travelled this road, when even very expensive white sugar was only available at the island of Dejima.
Towns along this road were able to produce sweets with white sugar.

The road was used by the army during the Satsuma rebellion in 1877.

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- - - - - places of interest on the road - - - - -

mimage no kadogoya 御馬下の角小屋　
274 Yomogimachi, Kita Ward
A resting place for the Daimyo, after he left Kumamoto castle, passed the 山伏塚 Yanboshizuka Mound for Yamabushi priests.
The house is now a museum.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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Yanboshizuka 山伏塚（やんぼしづか）Mound for Yamabushi priests
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
The Yamabushi mountain priests who had performed special rituals after Kumamoto castle was finished were on their way home, but were killed here to keep the secrets of the castle.

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Mitori Kannon 味取観音
The wandering priest 種田山頭火 Taneda Santoka stayed here for some time.
Mitori, the postal station in the Edo period, flourished with tea stalls during Sankin Kotai.

. 種田山頭火 Taneda Santoka (1882 - 1940) .

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temple Zengyo-Ji 善行寺
Used by the lords of the Hosokawa and Shimazu domain for Sankin Kotai. There is a large room in the temple,
onari no ma お成りの間, where they rested.

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temple Kohei-Ji 康平寺
Kaomachi Shimono, Yamaga, Kumamoto
An old temple of the Heian period, with a statue of Kannon with 1000 arms, surrounded by many other statues.

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Somon gate 惣門
Along the river 菊池川 Kikuchigawa to supervise the people coming and going to 山鹿 Yamaga town. Iw was opened and closed at six in the morning and evening.
The town preserves its old features to our day.

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Yamaga Onsen 山鹿温泉 hot spring
- quote -
Yamaga Onsen was first documented as a hot spring town in the 倭名類聚抄 "Wamyo Ruijusho" a historical dictionary written in the Heian Period over 1,000 years ago.
Legends say that the hot spring was discovered by Shichiro Uno, a military commander of the Heian Period, who found an injured deer nursing itself in the water of the spring. The soft water is so abundant that a famous folk song claims ”A thousand homes in Yamaga, and not a tub in sight,” as back in olden times locals could wash directly in the water sources themselves.
- source : kumanago.jp/en/spots/hotspring... -
The hot spring was used by 細川忠利 lord Hosokawa Tadatoshi (1586 - 1641) and his warrior-friend 宮本武蔵 Miyamoto Musashi.

. Miyamoto Musashi 宮本武蔵 (1584 - 1645) .

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. Yamaga Yachiyoza　山鹿八千代座　Yachiyo-za Theater .

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Tanaka-jiro ato 田中城跡 remains of Tanaka castle
The lord was 和仁親実 Wani Chikazane (? - 1587).
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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harakirizaka 腹切坂 slope for "Seppuku ritual suicide"
The original meaning was according to the landscape : hara 原 a plain - kiri 端（切り : at the end of the plain
It was quite steep and difficult for the Sankin Kotai processions.

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Nankan town 南関町

Many old merchant houses are still preserved.
The Lords of Hosokawa stayed at the local tea shop during Sankin Kotai.

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Border stones for Bungo / Buzen

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豊岡の眼鏡橋 Toyooka arched bridge
（植木町 Ueki town）

Over the river 中谷川 Nakatanigawa, built in 1802.

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. Konoha saru 木の葉猿 monkeys from Konoha .
玉東町 Gyokuto town

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高瀬目鏡橋 Takase Meganebashi arched bridge
玉名市 Tamana city

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tawara korogashi 俵ころがし跡 remains of the stone slope for rolling rice barrels
玉名市 Tamana city

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繁根木八幡宮 Hanegi Hachimangu Shrine
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蓮華院誕生寺本院 Temple Renge-In Tanjo-Ji
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Shodai yaki 小代焼 Shodai pottery
荒尾市 Arao city
Mount Shodai with suitable earth for pottery
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Onari mon 御成門 "Gate for the Lord"
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Built in 1831 for the Daimyo to rest.

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岩本橋 Iwamotobashi bridge

On the border between the 肥後藩 Higo domaine and 三池藩 Miike domaine.
Built by 橋本勘五郎 Hashimoto Kangoro (1822 - 1897).

. Iwamoto Bansho barrier 岩本番所 .

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野原八幡宮 Shrine Nobara Hachimangu, Arao city
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Built in the early Heian period.

- reference : kumanago.jp/contents/yonkaido... -

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The Miike Okan branched off at 植木町味取 Uekimachi, Mitori, Kumamoto .
This road was also called
豊前街道 Buzen Kaido
via
Konoha 木葉
Takase 高瀬
Iwamotobashi 岩本橋
Omuta Miike 大牟田三池
Enoura 江浦
Setaka 勢高（瀬高）
(Setaka (瀬高町 Setaka-machi) was located in the Yamato District, Fukuoka)

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Buzen Province (豊前国 Buzen no kuni)
was an old province of Japan in northern Kyūshū in the area of Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture. It was sometimes called Hōshū (豊州), with Bungo Province. Buzen bordered on Bungo and Chikuzen Provinces.
The ruins of the ancient capital of the province were found near Toyotsu, Fukuoka. The castle town of Kokura was also in Buzen, and a seat of many feudal rulers.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Buzen 豊前国
- Now part of Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture

. Kappa legends from Kyushu 河童九州 .
When people crossed the wide rivers of Buzen, they often met a Kappa who wanted to do Sumo wrestling. Among the retainers of 小笠原信濃守 Lord Ogasawara from Shinano there was a strong man named 大つか庄右衛門 Otsuka Shoemon , who tried a bout with Kappa. But Kappa moves very fast and his body was slippery like an eel. He has spikes like needles on his body and Shoemon was hurt all over. He fell ill after the bout.
Another story tells about Shoemon and his friend せ川藤吉 Segawa Tokichi. When they walked into the river and the Kappa appeared, Tokichi drew his sword and killed the Kappa. The Kappa was small like a child, had a whitish skin and sharp nails like a cat.

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. namazu なまず / 鯰 / 鮧 catfish - der Wels .
At the waterfall 千丈が滝 Senjogataki there is 観音堂 a Hall for Kannon Bosatsu.
When 大塚庄右衛門 Ozauk Shoemon and his dumb friend went to the bridge above it to cool down in summer, there is a catfish jumping up and churning the water. Almost like going to heaven, it soon begun to rain. So it must have been a ryuu 竜 dragon after all.
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munagi むなぎ dialect for unagi, eel
At the waterfall 千丈が滝 Senjogataki in Buzen there lives a special Munagi eel in the river.
Its ears are large like a handfan and he is crawling in the riverbed. Its stomach is almost golden. It is about 24 m long, they say.

. unagi うなぎ /　鰻と伝説 Legends about the eel .

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早鞆明神社 Hayatomo Myojin shrine
Shows a Shinto priest carrying a firebrand and running to avoid a large wave. In his left hand he carries me, an edible seaweed which he has gathered. This ritual was carried out at night on New Year’s Eve at the Hayatomo Myojin Shrine, in northern Kyushu.
The shrine is seen, top right, beneath a black sky.
- source : japaneseprints-london.com... -

.................................................................................　Fukuoka 福岡県

. kishin, kijin, onigami 鬼神の伝説　Oni Deity Demon Legends .
During the time of emperor 継体天皇 Keitai Tenno (?450 - ?531) there lived kijin 鬼神 a Demon Deity on 求菩提山 Mount Kuboteyama in 豊前国上毛郡 the district Koge who played many bad tricks on the villagers. Through the power of the venerable 卜仙 Bokusen he was exorcised and put into a bottle, which was buried on the top of the mountain.
Its soul in now worshiped here.

Kuboteyama, 782 m

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kobito 小人 a dwarf
In the 築城郡 Tsuiki district of Bungo there lived a farmer. His son 才次郎 Saijiro, who was 8 years old, was only 53 cm high. He was a decent boy and spoke politely, never causing trouble to others.
When he was born, he was so small he could be kept in the palm of both hands.

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shiratori 白鳥 a white bird
The emperor 景行天皇 Keiko Tenno (大足彦天皇) had dispatched 菟名手（うなて）Unate (Unade), an ancestor of the Bungo regents, to Bungo, to the village 中臣村 Nakatomi.
He saw a white bird coming from the North and caught it.
The bird turned into mochi 餅 rice cakes, then into many thousand ietsuimo 芋草 plants.
So the Emperor named this area 豊国 Bungo "rich and plentiful land".

. Nakatsu Kaido 中津街道 Nakatsu Highway .

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Emperor Keikō (景行天皇, Keikō-tennō) (13 BC - 130)
also known as Ootarashihikooshirowake no Sumeramikoto (大足彦忍代別天皇) was the 12th Emperor of Japan
His son was Prince Ōsu" (Yamato Takeru).
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Emperor Keitai (継体天皇, Keitai-tennō) (?450 - ?531)
was the 26th Emperor of Japan. reigned from 507 to 531
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Bungo Province (豊後国, Bungo no kuni)
was a province of Japan in eastern Kyūshū in the area of Ōita Prefecture.
It was sometimes called Hōshū (豊州), with Buzen Province. Bungo bordered Buzen, Hyūga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen Provinces.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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神杉の根を踏み虞る梅雨豊前

井口荘子 Iguchi Shoko

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