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8/24/2019

Ise Kaido Pilgrim Roads

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
. Isemairi, Ise Mairi 伊勢参り Pilgrimage to Ise - Legends .
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Ise no Kaido 伊勢の街道 Pilgrim roads to Ise
There were many popular pilgrims road to the Grand Shrine at Ise..
The main road from Edo to Ise is the
Ise Sangu Kaido 伊勢参宮街道 / 伊勢街道 Ise Kaido
Ise city 伊勢市, where the Shrine is located, used to be called Ujiyamada 宇治山田 Uji Yamada.

Ise Jingū 伊勢神宮 Ise Jingu, Grand Shrine at Ise .
- Introduction -

. Isemairi, Ise Mairi 伊勢参り Pilgrimage to Ise - Legends .

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Ise udon 伊勢うどん served at the shrine Ise Jingu 　
They are rather thick with mochigome glutinous rice.
They come with a thick "black" soy sauce broth, and a few cut leek rings.

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Ise Sangu Kaido 伊勢参宮街道 / 伊勢街道 Ise Kaido

Leaving the Tokaido at 日永の追分 Hinaga no Oiwake, leading to Ise.
Passing 白子 Shirako, 津 Tsu, 松阪 Matsuzaka and 斎宮 Saiku (Saigu).
About 70 km. Now mostly Highway 428.
Saiku, also called Itsuki-no-miya, was a shrine in a village located approximately 10 kilometers north-west of Ise Shrine,

Next after Oiwake on the Tokaido is
. Nr. 42 - Kuwana-juku 桑名宿 Kuwana postal station .

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Ise Betsu Kaido 伊勢別街道
Also called
「いせみち」Isemichi, 「参宮道」Sangumichi, 「山田道」Yamadamichi
There were many postal stations along this road, used by many people coming from Kyoto to Ise.

Leaving the the Tokaido at Seki 関宿, via 椋本宿 Mukumoto (Tsu city), 津市一身田 Isshinden in Tsu,
back to the main Ise Kaido at 江戸橋 Edobashi in Tsu city.
At the bridge Edobashi there was a large stone lantern, to keep the place light even at night.

. Sekijuku 関宿 Seki Shukuba Postal Station .

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Ise Hon Kaido, Honkaido 伊勢本街道
From Osaka, Shrine 玉造稲荷神社 Tamatsukuri Inari Jinja, passing 榛原 Haibara, 御杖村 Mitsue village, 横野 Yokono, 奥津 Okutsu, (津市）Tsu city leading to Ise.

- - - - - There are many shido 支道 branch roads leading to the main Ise Kaido.

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Iga Kaido 伊賀街道 Iga Kaido
Connecting Ise with Iga Ueno.
From 津 Tsu via the pass 橡ノ木峠 Tochinoki Toge (also called 長野峠 Nagano Toge, 美里 Misato town
to 伊賀国上野 Iga Ueno.
About 50 km. Now National Highway Nr. 163.
A crossing point was at present-day 松阪市中林町 Matsusaka city, Nakabayashi.

- - - - - A road taken by Matsuo Basho 芭蕉が歩いた伊賀の街道
（1）長野峠（美里村平木～大山田村上阿波1）Pass Nagano Toge
（2）長野峠（美里村平木～大山田村上阿波2）Pass Nagano Toge
（3）平松宿（大山田村平松～下阿波）Hiramatsu juku postal station
（4）平田宿（大山田村中村～平田）Hirata juku
（5）荒木（上野市荒木～西明寺）Araki, Temple Saimyoji
（6）上野（上野市西明寺）Ueno, Temple Saimyoji
- reference source : ict.ne.jp/~basho/guide... -

Igagoe Naramichi 伊賀越奈良道 Road crossing Iga to Nara
Includes most of the roads mentioned below:
伊勢国から伊賀国上野へ至る街道である大和街道・伊賀街道・奈良街道と、伊賀国上野から山城国を経て大和国奈良へ至る街道である笠置街道の総称。奈良街道や伊勢参宮街道に含まれる。
- wikipedia -

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Hase Kaido 初瀬街道
From Hase (in Sakurai city, Nara) to 松阪 Matsuzaka in Mie. The modern spelling of Hase is 長谷.
Also called
Sangu Ura Kaido 参宮表街道 "back road to the Ise Shrine"
Now National Highway Nr. 165.
Exists since about 672, the jinshin no ran 壬申の乱 "war of succession" in the Asuka period.
The main stations are
桜井市 - Sakurai city - 初瀬 Hase
宇陀市 - Uda city - 萩原 Hagihara（伊勢本街道との分岐・追分）
名張市 - Nabari city - 鹿高 Kataka, 名張 Nabari, 新田 Shinden
伊賀市 - Iga city - 阿保 Abo (伊勢路)
津市 - Tsu city - 垣内 Kaido, 二本木 Nihongi, 大仰 Ogyo and 八太 Hatta.
松阪市 - Matsuzaka city - 六軒 Rokken

. Hasedera 長谷寺 Temple Hase-Dera / はつせ Hatsuse .

初瀬街道まつり　Hase Kaido Festival
Held in 奈良県桜井市長谷 Hase, Sakurai city, Nara.
- reference source : igayaki.or.jp... -

Jinshin War (壬申の乱 jinshin no ran)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Kasagi Kaido 笠置街道 Kasagi Highway .
From 伊賀上野 Iga Ueno to 笠置山 Kasagiyama.
Kasagidera 笠置寺 Temple Kasagi-Dera

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Kamitsumichi 上ツ道 / 上街道 Kami Kaido
An old kandoo 官道 road for officials.
Since the Asuka period, leading from North to South through the plain of Nara.
From 奈良市 Nara to 天理市 Tenri to 桜井市 Sakurai
Now Highway 169.

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Nara Kaido 奈良街道
Also called
Yamato Kaido 大和街道
From Osaka, Shrine 玉造稲荷神社 Tamatsukuri Inare Jinja to 桜井 Sakurai (Nara), then joining the
Hase Kaido 初瀬街道
at 宇陀市 Uda city, on to Ise.

On the way was a pass to cross over, with its own name
Kuragarigoe Nara Kaido (Kuragoshi, Kurayami) 暗越奈良街道（くらがりごえならかいどう）
The pass 暗峠 Kuragari Toge is 455 m high.
One of the 日本の道100選 100 famous roads of Japan.
There was also the pass 榁木峠 Muronoki Toge (268 m) to cross on the way and
追分梅林 Oiwake Bairin, plum tree forest at Oiwake, 1912 Owadacho, Nara.

浪花百景より : 玉造 Tamatsukuri
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- - - - - Along the Nara Kaido are more sub-roads :

Fushimi Kaido 伏見街道
Furutsutsumi Kaido 古堤街道
Jusan Kaido 十三街道
Kiyotaki Kaido 清滝街道
Ooto Kaido おおと街道
Shuntoku Kaido 俊徳街道
Takeda Kaido 竹田街道
Tateishi Kaido 立石街道
Tatsutagoe Nara Kaido 竜田越奈良街道

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. Kaido 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .

. oonyuudoo 大入道 Onyudo, O-Nyudo legends .
A man saw a a strange monster with a green face near the Rokujizoo, roku jizo 六地蔵 Statues of Six Jizo Bosatsu along the 奈良街道 Nara Kaido. He ran home in great fear. He had seen O-Nyudo.
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. tanuki 狸 / mujina 狢 racoon dog, badger legends .
When Hayashi san was still a child, he often heard stories about people traveling along 奈良街道 the Nara Kaido at night, having their fish stolen by a Tanuki.

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. Takenouchi Kaido 竹内街道 / 竹ノ内街道 .
also called
Yoko-Ooji 横大路 Yoko-Oji, Yokooji

- source and many photos : matsubara city -
難波大道 Naniwa Daido

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Yamato Kaido 大和街道
- see above, Nara Kaido.

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Yamanobe no michi 山辺の道 / 山辺道
One of the old Yamato Kaido roads.
Through the Nara plain to the sacred 三輪山 Mount Miwasan and then to 春日山 Mount Kasugayama.
From Nara to Sakurai, and then on to Ise.

- Look at the large map here:
- reference source : nishida-s.com..yamanobenomichi... -

- quote -
The Yamanobe-no-Michi trail
passes through some of Nara’s most historic areas. It is dotted with shrines, temples and ancient tombs. Along the way are many cafes, rest stops and fruit stands in the summer.
... from Tenri to Sakurai takes three to four hours ...
- reference source : visitnara.jp/destinations... yamanobe-no-michi... -

. Miwa san, Miwa yama 三輪山 Mount Miwa .
Shrine Omiwa Jinja 大三輪神社 // Temple Omiwadera 大三輪寺

. Kasuga Taisha 春日大社 Great Shrine in Kasuga .

. Isonokami Jingu 石上神宮 Isonokami Shrine .
The shrine is at the northern end of the Yamanobe no michi, the oldest road in Japan.

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安永餅 Yasunaga mochi

- Mochi Kaido 餅街道 Road of the rice cakes -
From 桑名 Kuwana until the Ise Shrine.
There are many tea stalls on the roadside serving tea and rice cakes. They all have a special taste to offer and are very popular to our day.
There are also many tea stalls along the nearby road to Kumano 熊野街道.
Kuwana was known as Juraku no tsu 十楽の津.

お餅でつなぐ伊勢街道＆その手は桑名の都まんじゅう
- reference source : kuwanacci.com/20151024-25motiura... -

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...................................................................... A legend from Nagano 長野県
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下伊那郡 Shimoina district 阿南町 Anan town

okuwa sama, o-kuwa sama オクワ様 / 鍬 venerable hoe
The reason why O-Kuwa sama is venerated:
Around 1860 a group of politicians wanting change started from the Shrine 皇太神宮 Kotai Jingu in Ise. They walked along all the villages of the 伊勢街道 Ise Kaido, carrying the hoe in a palanquin, singing local songs, performing shishimai 獅子舞 lion dances and tried to involve the villagers.
They were not allowed to pass the sekisho 関所 barrier station at 帯川 Obikawa, so they left all their tools there and went back home.
Now they venerate O-Kuwa Sama only in years with a good harvest.

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

. Ise Shrine and its KIGO .

. O-Ise-Mairi, Ise Mairi 伊勢参り Ise Shrine Pilgrimage .
Ise sanguu 伊勢参宮（いせさんぐう）
O-kage mairi お陰参り　（おかげまいり）"Thanks pilgrimage" or "blessing pilgrimage"
nuke mairi 抜参（ぬけまいり）leaving secretly and beg your way to Ise
isekoo 伊勢講（いせこう）Ise Shrine Group
saka mukae 坂迎え（さかむかえ）

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10/24/2015

Yushima district

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Yushima 湯島 Yushima district 　　
文京区 Bunkyo ward, 湯島 Yushima 1 - 3, 本郷 Hongo 2.
The Northern slope along the 神田川 Kandagawa river was called 湯島台　Yushimadai,
the Southern slope was 駿河台 Surugadai.

湯島天神社 / Hirohsige 広重

- quote -
Chiyoda-ku, Sotokanda / Bunkyo-ku, Yushima
After the founding of Edo, this area became a residential area for lower rank vassals of the Shogun, and before long the Yushima-Tenjin Shrine monzencho (a town built originally in front of a temple or shrine) developed.
Yushima-Tenjin Shrine was revered as a god of learning by people of every social station, and lotteries were held within the shrine grounds. From the Genroku Era (1688-1704), the shrine dedicated to Confucius was moved from Ueno-Shinobugaoka, and the Shohei-zaka School was established within the grounds, and became a Shogunate government authorized educational facility.
A Shogunate government riding ground (Sakuranobaba) was established to the west of the shrine, and was used as a forge for cannons at the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate government. During the Edo Period, the area surrounding Kanda Myojin Shrine was made part of Yushima.

- - - - - More ukiyo-e about Yushima
広重 / 湯しま天神坂上眺望 / 湯しま天神雪のあくる日 / 湯しま天満宮 / 湯しま天神
- reference source : national diet library : yushima -

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. Yushima Kannon 湯島観音柳井堂 Yanagii-Do 心城院 Shinjo-In .

. Yushima Tenjin 湯島天神 / 天満宮 Yushima Tenmangu .
Tenman-Gu in Dazaifu 大宰府の天満宮 and 菅原道真 Sugawara Michizane

quote
Yushima Tenmangu is a Shinto shrine commonly called Yushima Tenjin. This shrine was originally established in 458 A.D. in order to worship Ame no Tajikarao no Mikoto, one of deities appears in the Japanese myths. Later, in February 1355, the spirit of Sugawara Michizane, a historical figure, was also enshrined to venerate his extraordinary virtue as a scholar.

In October 1478, Oota Dokan (1432-86), a war lord in Kanto region, made the shrine building anew. Since then, many scholars and men of letters including Hayashi Doshun and Arai Hakuseki Confucian scholars in Edo period, have worshiped this shrine.
Nowadays many students visit this shrine to express their reverence to the enshrined spirit as Kami of Learning. Especially in the season of school entrance examinations, young students visit to pray for the success of passing examinations, presenting votive tablets called Ema.

ema 絵馬 votive tablet

The shrine is also famous for beautiful blossoms of Ume (Japanese apricot) in the precinct.
In February and March, "Ume Matsuri"(Ume festival) is held, and it attracts many visitors who enjoy the Ume blossoms.
- source : yushimatenjin.or.jp

. Ame no Tajikarao no Kami 天手力男神 / 天手力雄神 .

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- quote -
Yushima Temple Picture (Seidō no Ezu)

The picture shows Yushima Temple, which still exists in Yushima, Bunkyō Ward, Tokyo, looked upon its completion.
It was in 1690 (Genroku 3) that Tsunayoshi, the fifth Shogun of the Tokugawa Shogunate who was interested in learning, moved the Confucius Temple Kōshi-byō to Yushima.
Aiming to advance Confucianism, Tsunayoshi, the fifth Shogun of the Tokugawa Shogunate, established a temple in Yushima and moved the Confucius temple and private school that had been located at the Hayashi's private residence in Ueno Shinobugaoka. This was the beginning of Yushima Temple. In 1797 (Kansei 9), Hayashi's private school was then founded as a school under the direct control of the Tokugawa Shogunate, "shōheizaka school" (also known as Shōheikō).
The school accepted not only Shogun retainers but also children from around the country who passed an entrance examination called "sodoku ginmi". From all over the country, young people who carried their clan's future with them gathered in Yushima.
Unfortunately, the "Kōshi-byō (Confucius temple)" illustrated in the picture was burnt down during the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923 (Taishō 12). Today's temple was re-established in the 1930's (Shōwa).
- source : Tokyo Metropolitan Library -

- quote -
Seidō 聖堂（せいどう） Seido

This picture gives a full view of the Yushima Seidō with Kanda River in the foreground.
The private boarding-school of 林羅山 Hayashi Razan in 上野忍岡 Ueno-Shinobugaoka
was moved here in 1690 and named the Seidō.
It was set up as a school under the direct control of the Bakufu government in the Kansei era.
The 昌平坂学問所 Shōhei-zaka Gakumonjo, where students read kanbun (reading Chinese texts in Japanese)
for the purposes of proofreading, was located in the area where
"此辺学問所 (location of school)" is written."
A description in the picture reads
"The first school of its kind in Japan and a most glorious place of Tokyo."
- source : Tokyo Metropolitan Library -

- quote -
Yushima Tenmangū Shrine 湯しま天満宮

Yushima-Tenjin is the shrine that enshrines Sugawara Michizane
known as deity of scholarship.
Along with Kannō-ji Temple in Yanaka and Meguro Fudō, it was popular with the populace as one of the
'Edo-Santomi', three shrines that sold official shogunate tomikuji tickets (lottery in the Edo period).
- source : Tokyo Metropolitan Library -

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Yushima Seidō 湯島聖堂 Yushima Seido, literally "Hall of the Sage in Yushima"
located in the Yushima neighbourhood of Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan, was established as a Confucian temple in the Genroku era of the Edo period (end of the 17th century).
The Yushima Seidō has its origins in a private Confucian temple, the Sensei-den (先聖殿), constructed in 1630 by the neo-Confucian scholar Hayashi Razan (1583–1657) in his grounds at Shinobi-ga-oka (now in Ueno Park). The fifth Tokugawa shogun, Tsunayoshi, moved the building to its present site in 1690, where it became the Taiseiden (大成殿) of Yushima Seidō. The Hayashi school of Confucianism moved at the same time.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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source : ndl.go.jp/landmarks
本郷湯島絵図 Map of Hongo and Yushima

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- quote
Yushima - Education at Edo's First University
The Kanda River is a man-made waterway that splits the high land around Kanda in half. The steep-walled valley that carries this river (actually a canal) through Edo was dug in 1638, as part of the Kanda Josui (Kanda water supply) project that Tokugawa Iemitsu organised to supply water to the city. Before that, the whole area was one large plateau. Today, however, the river cuts through a deep valley in the neighborhood known as Ochanomizu, separating two hilly districts.
To the south is Surugadai, a residential area filled with the homes of lower-ranking samurai.
To the north is Yushima, which is the site of Edo's largest schools, and its only "university" -- the Shoheizaka gakumonsho.

お茶之水 / 御茶ノ水 Ochanomizu - 広重 Hiroshige

The Yushima area has been a center of culture and learning since Edo was built. In addition to all the schools in the area, which were constructed more recently, this district is also home to several influential shrines that were built even before Tokugawa Ieyasu moved to Edo in 1592. One of them -- Yushima Jinja -- has long been associated with knowledge and learning. Yushima Jinja sits on the top of Yushima hill, which is one of the highest points in the city. This shrine has been one of the prominent buildings in the area since the late Muromachi era.

From the top of the hill, there is a fine view out over the housetops of Kanda and Nihonbashi, and the blue waters of Edo Bay sparkle in the distance. As the city of Edo grew, many popular teahouses and restaurants grew up around the shrine. Customers liked to gather for long conversations at the teahouses, to enjoy the fine view of the city. In time, these teahouses became popular meeting places for teachers, students, academics and artists. They would hold meetings where they would eat, study, discuss important issues, play shogi (Japanese chess) and enjoy the wonderful view.

However, our destination today is not Yushima, which is several minutes walk from the Kanda River, but a smaller hill much closer to the river, known as Shoheizaka. This hill is named after the area where Confucius was born, and it gets its name because it is the main center of Confucian learning and education in Edo. The hill is covered by a cluster of large buildings that house Edo's main gakumonsho (school district). At the center of the district is the official government daigaku (university) established by the first shogun and run by the Hayashi family, who are the hereditary leaders of this university.

Shortly after Tokugawa Ieyasu became shogun, in 1603, he convinced a well-known Confucian scholar from Kyoto, named Hayashi Rinzan (Hayashi Razan), to move to Edo and become one of his main advisors. He needed a very intelligent individual who knew a great deal about government and social structure, and Rinzan was just the man. He helped Ieyasu design the structure for his bakufu government, and develop a set of laws to govern the country. Rinzan built his home in the area near Yushima shrine, and when he was not advising the shogun he gave lectures and tutored the children of leading daimyo and other top government officials.

Many years passed and Rinzan was no longer as busy helping the shogun plan government policy. However, demand for his tutoring continued to increase, so at last he decided to ask the shogun if he could set up his own private school, so he could offer more formal classes. When Ieyasu heard of this plan, he immediately commissioned Rinzan to set up an official government university, to serve all of the samurai families in Edo. He made Hayashi Rinzan the daigaku-no-kashira (head of the university) and decreed that Rinzan's descendants would always inherit this position.

Education is considered very important in Japan. Even farmers in rural areas send their children to the local Buddhist temples to study, or have tutors visit. In the urban areas, well over 90% of the population can read and write. The Buddhist temples across the country play an important role in education. Most Buddhist scriptures are written in Chinese, so in order to understand them, Buddhist monks and priests must study both Japanese and Chinese for many years. Buddhist scholars often travel to China to study, and they bring back many Chinese documents -- not only religious texts, but also books on literature, history, philosophy and so on. For this reason, most Buddhist temples have become centers of knowledge and education. In fact, Hayashi Rinzan was a Buddhist monk before he came to Edo to become Tokugawa Ieyasu's advisor

Ieyasu ordered Hayashi Rinzan to establish a large school that would be open to all children of the samurai class. The working-class people continued to get their education from monks and lay-teachers at the local temples, but Rinzan's new school was to be the main center of learning for the upper classes. Rinzan built the first gakumonsho near his home. It consisted of separate classes for different studies, such as writing, literature, poetry, history, government, and so on. The school was a big success, and it continued to grow steadily.

After Rinzan died, the school was taken over by his son, Hayashi Gaho, who developed a set of courses in different subjects, and who continued to build the reputation of the school. He was succeeded by his son, Hayashi Hoko, who many consider the most influential of all the daigaku-no-kashira. The fifth shogun , Tsunayoshi, was a private student of Hoko, and his early years as a student had a great impression on him. Tsunayoshi was not very athletic, but he loved reading and education. After he became shogun , he tried to repay his old teacher by paying to expand the school that Hayashi Rinzan had founded. In 1691, the shogun set aside a large area of land in Yushima to build larger and more suitable buildings where students could come to study. The area was named Shoheizaka (Shohei hill ) after the place where Confucius was born.

Tsunayoshi believed that education should be available to all people of Edo, so he decreed that the school should be open not only to samurai, but also to lower-class people such as merchants, artisans and farmers, as long as they could afford to pay the school fees. In practice, though, only a few rich merchants were able to send their children to this school. Still, the public lectures held each morning are often attended by commoners, and Yoshitsuna and later shoguns contributed funds to help expand the temple schools (tera-koya ), where the majority of lower-class people get their education.

Today, the gakumonsho is run by the great-grandson of Hayashi Rinzan. Although it has lost some of its influence, and it is no longer quite as open to students from the lower classes, it remains the most important school in Edo -- and probably in all of Japan. There are no grades in the gakumonsho; young and old students attend classes together, though in most of the classes they are separated according to ability. New students start out in courses that teach reading and writing. Younger instructors work with the students one-on-one, teaching them to read and write. At first, the students simply recite the pronunciation of characters and practice writing them. Depending on how quickly the student learns, this phase of study can take anywhere from a few months to two years. There are thousands of characters to learn, and the student must study very hard to learn them all.

After they have developed acceptable reading and writing skills, the students enter classes in reading, literature and mathematics. These classes usually have a few dozen students, and they take turns reading out loud from translations of some of the Chinese Classics, or from famous works of Japanese literature. This not only gives students a basic knowledge of the most important books, but it also helps them improve their reading and comprehension.

The higher-level classes are broken down by subject; for example, students may study history, government, poetry, literature or some other topic. In these classes, the teacher's role is mainly just a moderator. Students debate and discuss with one another the meaning and interpretation of various classic books. A passage will be selected and one student will give a speech explaining their intrepretation. Their classmates will listen, then debate the various interpretations with one another. The teacher may offer suggestions to get the discussion going, but will usually just listen as the students debate. Later, the teacher will give a lecture (often at one of the morning public lectures) and provide their own interpretation of the passage. This method helps the students improve their understanding as well as their debate and discussion skills.

The instruction at tera-koya (temple schools) is similar to that at the gakumonsho, but very few students pass beyond the first two stages, which teach reading, writing, literature and mathematics. Math skills are particularly important for merchant families, and nearly everyone learns how to use a soroban (abacus) in their first year at school. Although boys and girls are kept in separate classes at the tera-koya schools, girls receive nearly the same type of instruction as the boys. At some schools, girls make up nearly half of the total number of students.
This is much more than in rural areas, where girls tend to go to school for only a few years.
- source : Edomatsu

. Shooheizaka Gakumonjo 昌平坂学問所 Shoheizaka Gakumonjo .
and other gakumonjo 学問所 Academies of Higher Learning in the Edo period

. Hayashi Razan 林羅山 (1583-1657) . - Confucian Scholar

. Ochanomizu 御茶ノ水 / 御茶の水 / お茶之水 / 御茶ノ水 .

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- quote 聖橋　Hijiribashi -

A bridge connecting sanctuaries
Hijiri-bashi Bridge is a modern arch bridge on the Kanda River. The grand arch is a Tokyo landmark and is the model for the Otonashi-bashi Bridge in Takinogawa, Kita City.
The bridge may not be sacred, but it has got saintly connections as it connects two sanctuaries. In the north is The Mausoleum of Confucious at Yushima, a former training center for bureaucrats of the Tokugawa shogunate; and on the south is the Byzantine-style Holy Resurrection Cathedral — a designated Important Cultural Property of Japan.
- source : gotokyo.org/en ..

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

. Enmanji 湯島円満寺 temple Yushima Enman-Ji .
1 Chome-6-2 Yushima, Bunkyō
kimi 鬼魅 demon monsters / dakatsu (jakatsu) 蛇蝎 snakes and scorpions
On the 8th day of the 9th lunar month in 1820, there was a strong typhoon. A large tree fell down and two people died below it.
During such a strong wind, people think that demons, snakes and scorpions ride in the sky. Sometimes even if there is no wind, when they ride the sky things may fall down.

. neko 猫 / ねこと伝説 Legends about cats, Katzen .
neko 猫 cat
At a 煎餅屋 Mochi rice cake store in front of Enman-Ji, a large cat came every night and ate many things. So the shop owner caught it, killed it and asked his wife to dispose of the dead body. After his wife came back, she changed in strange ways, scratched the face of her husband, made movements like a cat. The husband called the neighbours to help him catch and bind the woman. There she begun to cry ニャアニャアワウワウ nyanyaaaa like a cat. She put her head into the bowl of food and liked fish best - just like a cat!

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. Rinshōin 湯島麟祥院 Temple Yushima Rinsho-In .
4 Chome-1-8 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo
麟祥 rinsho is an auspicious name according to Chinese Buddhism.
a Zen-temple near Yushima Tenmangu.

suzume ikusa 雀戦 fight of the sparrows
In 1832 onf the 6th to 10th day of the 8th lunar month, in the nearby forest of the forest, there lived more than 4000 sparrows.
They started to get in a fierce fight and even eat each other.

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

猿飴の湯島の宮の七五三
saruame no Yushima no Miya no shichi go san

the Shichi-Go-San festival
at Yushima Shrine
with Monkey Sweets
Tr. Gabi Greve

. Mizuhara Shūōshi 水原秋櫻子 Mizuhara Suoshi (1892-1981) .

. shichi go san 七五三 "seven five three" ritual .
- - kigo for early winter - -

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. Kanda 神田 Kanda district　 .

. Bunkyō 文京区 Bunkyo ward, "Literature Capital" .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

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- - - - - #yushima #edobakufu #yushimatenjin - - - -
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8/06/2021

Maejima Hisoka

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous People of Japan .
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Maejima Hisoka 前島密
(1835 – 1919)

- quote
born Ueno Fusagorō (上野房五郎), was a Japanese statesman, politician, and businessman in Meiji-period Japan.
Maejima founded the Japanese postal service, and is known as
Yubin Seido no Chichi (郵便制度の父), or "Father of the Postal System".

- - - Early life
Maejima was born as Ueno Fusagorō, in the village of Shimoikebe, Echigo Province (present-day the city of Jōetsu, Niigata Prefecture).
In 1866 he was adopted into the Maejima family. He was sent to Edo to study rangaku, medical science and English.
In the Bakumatsu period he was considered a radical reformer and proponent of westernization. In 1866, he submitted an unsolicited proposal to shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu that Japan abolish the use of kanji (Chinese characters) in its writing system.
In 1868, shortly after the Meiji Restoration, he also proposed to Ōkubo Toshimichi that the capital of Japan be moved from Kyoto to Edo.
- source : more in the wikipedia

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- quote -

Government official, statesman and businessman.
Born in Niigata as the son of the Ueno family, a rich farm family in Niigata. After learning Western studies in Edo and traveling around in Japan, he took over as head of the Maejima family, a vassal of the Shogun. After serving at the new Meiji government and returning from study in England, he assumed important posts as Head of Transport and Communications and Superintendent of Transport and Communications and worked to form Japan's modern postal service.
He left government due to Political Crisis of 1881 and joined the Rikken Kaishin-to (Constitutional Reform Party).
He also served as Principal of the Tokyo Senmon Gakko (later the Waseda University) and President of Kansai Railway Company.
In 1888, he returned to the governmental world as Vice-Minister of Transport, Posts and Telecommunications and sought to establish telephone services. After retiring from the post, he became active again as a businessman.
Later, he was elevated in rank to danshaku (baron) and became a member of the House of Peers.
He is also famous for Kanji haishi ron (Kanji abolishment theory).
- source : ndl.go.jp/portrait .. -

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. Famous People of Japan .

. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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- - - - - #maejimahisoka #hisoka #japanpost #postjapan - - - -
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1/01/2017

- BACKUP Shitamachi Pilgrimage

BACKUP March 1, 2017

the original is here
https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2017/02/tokyo-shitamachi-pilgrimage.html

Tokyo Shitamachi Pilgrimage

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Pilgrimages in Edo - Tokyo - Introduction .
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東京下町八社巡り Pilgrimage to 8 Shrines in Shitamachi

This pilgrimage has started in 1981.
There is a deity in each Shinto Shrine for a special purpose and wish.

- quote -
Shitamachi Tokyo old town
Shitamachi literally means "downtown" and is the place to experience a taste of the old town Tokyo atmosphere that existed before the economic miracle of the 1970's and 80's really took hold. The most famous district of Shitamachi is Asakusa. At its heart you find Senso-ji Temple, best known for the giant red lantern situated at the entrance. This is a great place to start any exploration of Tokyo.
- source : insidejapantours.com/experience-japan -

The pilgrimage is also called
Shitamachi Hachi Fukujin 下町八福神 Eight Shinto Deities of Good Luck in Shitamachi Shrines

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amulets for all purposes at the Tori no Ichi Market.

. 酉の市 Tori no Ichi Markets in Edo .

shoobai hanjoo 商売繁盛 Good business

Ootori Jinja 鷲神社 Otori Jinja
台東区千束3-18-7 -- 3 Chome-18-7 Senzoku, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
天日鷲命 Amenohiwashi no Mikoto, Ame no Hiwashi
日本武尊 Yamato Takeru no Mikoto

kakkome　かっこめ Kakkome rake
kakkome is a pun with un o kakikomu 運をかき込む, to rake in good fortune
It contains the rake for farmers, a written amulet and an ear of rice, with the wish for a good harvest in the coming year. It is also good for business and a happy family.

- reference : hachifukujin829/ootori1 -

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縁結び Finding a partner

. 今戸神社 Imado Jinja .
台東区今戸1-5-22 -- 1 Chome-5-22 Imado, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
伊弉諾尊 Izanagi no Mikoto // 伊弉冉尊 Izanami no Mikoto
應神天皇 Oojin Tenno

Famous for the story of the manekineko　招き猫 "Beckoning Cat"

- reference : hachifukujin829/imado1 -

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健康長寿 Long and healthy life

第六天榊神社 Dairokuten Sakaki Jinja
台東区蔵前1-4-3 -- 1 Chome-4-3 Kuramae, Taitō wear

----- Deities in residence :
天神第六代坐榊皇大御神
Amatsukami Mutsu no Miyo ni ataritamau Sakaki no Sume Oomikami
面足尊 Omodaru no Mikoto
惶根尊 Kashikone no Mikoto

- reference : hachifukujin829/sakaki1 -

The temple used to be called 第六天神宮 Dairokuten Jingu, and was renamed in 1873 to 榊神社 Sakaki Jinja.

. Dairokuten Ma-O 第六天魔王 .

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円満和合 Happy couple

下谷神社 Shitaya Jinja
台東区東上野3-29-8 -- 3 Chome-29-8 Higashiueno, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
大年神 Ootoshi no Kami
日本武尊 Yamato Takeru no Mikoto

- reference : hachifukujin829/sitaya1 -

The Deity of Fertility in enshrined here. The Shrine was founded in 730 in Ueno park, and moved to another place in 1672. The final location to Higashi Ueno was done in 1703. The main event is the Grand Annual Festival, Reitaisai.

- further reference -

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学問芸能 Learning and progress in the arts

. Onoterusaki jinja 小野照崎神社 .
台東区下谷2-13-14 -- 2 Chome-13-14 Shitaya, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
小野篁命 Ono no Takamura
菅原道真命 Sugawara Michizane

- reference : hachifukujin829/onoteru1 -

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安産子授け Getting pregnant and easy birth

. Suitengu 水天宮 Shrine for the Water God .
中央区日本橋蛎殻町2-4-1 -- 2 Chome-4-1 Nihonbashi Kakigarachō, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
天御中主大神 Ame no Minakanushi no Ookami
安徳天皇 Antoku Tenno and his mother, 建礼門院 Kenreimon-In
二位ノ尼 Nii no Ama - Taira no Tokiko (1126 - 1185)

- reference : hachifukujin829/suitengu1 -

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強運厄除け Avoiding disaster

小網神社 Koami Jinja
中央区日本橋小網町16-23 -- 16-23 Nihonbashi Koamichō, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
倉稲魂命 Ukanomitama no Mikoto (Uganomitama) / 稲荷大神 Inari Ookami
市杵島姫命 Ichikishima Hime no Mikoto / 辨財天 Benzaiten

- reference : hachifukujin829/koami1 -

- quote -
- History -
A long time ago, the monk 恵心僧都源信 Eshin Sozu Genshin Eshin Sōzu Genshin lived here in a hermitage, worshipping the Buddhist goddesses Kannon and Benzaiten. It is not known, when exactly the hermitage was built, but it is assumed that the monk lived here about 1000 years ago.
As a plague spread here in 1466, an old net-weaver came here and brought rice-ears that entangled in one of his nets as offering and decided to stay for a few days. Then, one night, Eshin Sōzu appeared to the abbot of temple in a dream and told him, that this old man in fact was the god Inari and that the plague could be taken away if they worshipped him adequately.
The next day, the old man was gone. However, the abbot remembered the advice and prayed to the god – which he now called Koami Inari Daimyōjin (Inari of the small net) – day and night. After a little while the plague was gone and the people could live in peace again. The overlord the region, Ōta no Dōkan, also heard of this miracle and donated a part of his fiefdom to shrine. At the end of the 16th Century then, the area around the shrine was also named Koami and the shrine itself was beginning to be worshipped as a tutelary god.
In the Meiji-period (1868-1912) the state pursued a separation of Shinto and Buddhism, which both had moulded into a syncretic belief during the prior one-thousand years, and so the Koami Inari Shrine was officially registered as a shinto village shrine. The building as we can see it today was built in the 1920ies under the direction of Naitō Komasaburō, who also assisted the building of the Meiji-Shrine. Spared from the destruction of World War II, the shrine nowadays is the only wooden building made out of cypress wood in Nihonbashi. The wooden carvings of two dragons (one ascending, the other one descending) on the porch roof of the main hall symbolize luck and the shrine – now simply called Koami Shrine – stays an important cultural heritage, as which it is registered in the Chūō-district.
- The goddess of luck -
Having been spared from destruction and continuously being linked to health and safety the goddess of the shrine is seen as a god of luck. For instance, all the sons of the families who lived in the shrine, returned home safely from World War II. The shrine also survived the numerous bombings of Tokyo in 1945 and did not – like so many others did unfortunately – burn down completely. However, the building was destroyed once during the Great Kantō Earthquake in 1923, although the abbot of the shrine was able to secure most parts of the sanctuary by bringing them to Shin-ohashi. It is also said, that those people who sought shelter there, have survived the aftermath of the earthquake.
Today a memorial stone reminds us of this episode with an inscription saying:
„Praying to the sanctuary of the Koami Shrine, we seek the goddesses’ protection!“
- The History of the goddess Benzaiten -
At First the goddess Benzaiten was honoured in the Manpukuji temple. Then, as the Meiji-government sought to separate Buddhism from Shintoism and installed the latter as a state religion, the Buddhist temple was destroyed and the goddess Benzaiten was transferred to this shrine in 1869. The image here shows the goddess Benzaiten sitting in a boat.
Every year on October 28th a festivity is celebrated in honour of the goddess, where the sacrificial offerings, which are piled up in front of the altar, later on are raffled to the visitors.
Besides that, there is also a small well (named Zeni-arai-no-i), whose water is said to have the power to multiply the money that is washed with its water.
- Important annual festivities and rituals -
- Doburoku Festival -
- Mimizuku-Charms -

- Pilgrimages -
Every year there are pilgrimages to the eight surrounding shrines in Tokyo-Shitamachi and
the temples and shrines of the seven gods of luck in Nihonbashi from January 1th to 7th.
In our shrine we worship the gods Fukurokuju and Benzaiten, which are said to ward of the evil and shape our fate positively. On this occasion we sell popular images of the gods of luck, as well as charms in the form of miniature ships.
- source and photos : koamijinja.or.jp/international -

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交通安全 Traffic safety

住吉神社 Sumiyoshi Jinja
中央区佃1-1-14 -- 1 Chome-1-14 Tsukuda, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
底筒之男命 Sokozutsu no O no Mikoto
中筒之男命 Nakazutsu no O no Mikoto
表筒之男命 Uwazutsu no O no Mikoto
息長足姫命 Okinagatarashi Hime no Mikoto .
徳川家康 Tokugawa Ieyasu

- reference : hachifukujin829/sumiyosi1 -

. Sumiyoshi Shrines of Japan 住吉神社 .
Sumiyoshi Sanjin 住吉三神 Three Deities of Sumiyoshi

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At the end of the pilgrimage, you get a board with eight stamps.

- HP of the Pilgrimage
下町八社会公式ホームページ
- reference source : geocities.jp/hachifukujin829 -

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. Shichifukujin 七福神 Seven Gods of Good Luck .
- venerated in Buddhist Temples
Benten　弁天
Bishamonten　毘沙門天
Daikoku 大黒
Ebisu 恵比寿
Fukurokujuu 福禄寿
Hotei 布袋
Juroojin　寿老人

隅田川七福神 Sumidagawa / 亀戸七福神 Kameido / 柴又七福神 Shibamata and many more

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. - - - - - . kami　神　Shinto deities - LIST . - - - - - .

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .

. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .

. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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