. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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Tokugawa Ieyasu 徳川家康 . (1543 - 1616)
born as 松平竹千代 Matsudaira Takechiyo, Iyeyasu,
Naifu Dono ナイフどの / 内府（ないふ）
Taijukoo, 大樹公（徳川家康） Taiju Ko ("The Big Tree", name for a great general)
source : dur.ac.uk/mlac/japanese/tokugawa
Tokugawa Ieyasu is the founder of the Edo Shogunate, he was the first shogun and posthumously became some kind of protecting deity with his own shrine in the Nikko Mountains, north of Tokyo (an auspicious place to protect his city according to Chinese Feng-Shui Geomantic lore).
日光の東照宮 Nikko no Tosho-Gu
Here is the famous story to shed light on the temperament of the three rivaling warlords of their time:
When confronted with a nightingale in a cage, which would not sing, each had his own approach to this situation:
-- Nobunaga --
If the bird does not sing, kill it!
-- Hideyoshi --
If the bird does not sing, I will make it sing!
--- Ieyasu ---
If the bird does not sing, I will wait until it sings!
As you might imagine from the above episode, Ieyasu outlived and out-waited his opponents and then took over power, like a ripe apple falling into his hands.
Tokugawa Ieyasu was obsessed with food and medicine to prolong his life. But he also liked to try new things, like the "tempora", tempura introduced by the Portugese missionaries.
. Ieyasu and 日光の東照宮 Nikko no Tosho-Gu .
. Shinkun Iga-Goe 神君伊賀越え "The Heavenly Lord retreats via Iga" .
and Chaya Shirōjirō 茶屋四郎次郎 Chaya Shirojiro
Chaya Shirōjirō Kiyonobu 茶屋四郎次郎清信 (1545-1596) helped Ieyasu during his hasty retreat from Sakai (Osaka) via Iga to Mikawa (Aichi).
Shirojiro later got permission for the shuinsen 朱印船 "red seal Ships" .
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- - - Tokugawa Ieyasu in the WIKIPEDIA !
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shikami 顰 "Grimacing Face"
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Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) attacked the army of Takeda Shingen in the Battle of Mikatagahara against the advice of his vassals and suffered a great defeat.
It is believed that Ieyasu, who narrowly escaped to his castle, had a portrait of himself in fear made to remember that he must always listen to the comments of his vassals, as a lesson learned in this battle.
The statue in this photo is based on the portrait in this story.
- source : samuraistyle.jp facebook
- - - - - and on Jeans !
a combination of the Fudo Myo-O favored by Takeda Shingen and his enemy Tokugawa Ieyasu
信玄の守護神 武田不動尊像と家康の顰（しかみ）像
. Denim Jeans and Fudo Myo-O 不動明王 .
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Tōshōkō Goikun 東照公 御遺訓 Teaching of Tokugawa Ieyasu
Toshoko Go-Ikun
written on January 17, 1603 while he received the title of Shogun in February of the same year
人の一生は重き荷を負うて 遠き道を行くが如し
急ぐべからず不自由を 常と思えば 不足なし
心に望みおこらば 困窮し足る時を思い出すべし
堪忍は無事長久の基
怒りを敵と思え
勝つことばかり知りて 負くるを知らざれば 害その身に至る
己を責めて 人を責むるな
及ばざるは 過ぎたるに 勝れり
Your life is like carrying full of burdens, traveling a long road,
do not hurry nor complain for lack of freedom.
When you have hope in mind, remember the poor times.
Patience is the foundation of peaceful long life.
Consider your anger as your enemy.
If you know of only victories and of no losses, the harm is within you.
Blame yourself but not others.
In so doing, eventually you will win in your life.
Tr. Yoshio Kusaba
Persuade thyself that imperfection and inconvenience are the natural lot of mortals, and there will be no room for discontent, neither for despair.
Let thy step be slow and steady, that thou stumble not.
Patience means restraining one's inclinations.
- reference source : MORE Tokugawa Ieyasu Quotes -
- reference : 東照公 御遺訓 -
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. Mikawa choo 三河町 Mikawa district, Kanda Chiyoda ward - Tokyo .
The name refers to the Mikawa region (now Aichi prefecture), where Tokugawa Ieyasu was born.
When he came to Edo in 1590, he had his 下級武士 junior Samurai retainers settle in this district.
It is one of the old districts in Edo.
In the Meiji period it got the name of 神田区三河町 Kanda Mikawa cho.
In 1953, the first sub-district became 鎌倉町 Kamakura machi, the second to fourth sub-district were merged to
神田司町 Kanda Tsukasa machi and the old name was lost.
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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
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kaibutsu 怪物 monster HOO 封（ほう）Ho Yokai
source : tyz-yokai.blog.jp/archives
When Ieyasu was still in 駿河 Suruga in the year 1609 on the fourth day of the fourth month, there appeared a strange being, a thick child, in the morning in the garden of 駿府城 Sunpu Castle. It had no fingers at his hands, pointing his arms toward heaven.
Ieyasu advised his men to chase it away to a place where humans would not see it any more, in a far away mountain forest.
Some people say this was a HOO 封（ほう）Ho Yokai and if you eat its flesh, it was a special elixir 仙薬 and you would become super-strong and fearless.
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Ise odori 伊勢踊 the Dance of Ise
This dance became quite popular after 1624. Farmers would just take off and go dancing around Japan, leaving for the Ise shrine.
Legend knows that bad things happened after such a bout of Ise Odori Dance, for example an uprising in Osaka and the death of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
The okage-mairi pilgrimage to Ise was accompanied by ecstatic dances, such as Ise-odori, okage-odori and ee-ja-nai-ka (ain't it hunky-dory) that disrupted daily life
- reference -
. hatsu Ise odori 初伊勢踊 first Ise dance .
and . Hatsu Ise 初伊勢 First visit to the Ise Shrine
as season words for the New Year
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Taroo inari 太郎稲荷 the Deity Taro Inari
Tachibana Sakon no Shogen 立花左近将監 with his soldiers was on his way to Korea, but ended up in 江戸の浅草観音 Edo, near the Asakusa Kannon for about 8 years.
Then one night an old man with white hair appeared in his dream and gave him an amulet, 白木の三方に祇園守. The old man was the deity 太郎稲荷 Taro Inari.
On the next day there came a messenger of Ieyasu telling him that he could go back to his homeland.
. Legends about the Asakusa 浅草 district in Edo .
太郎稲荷神社 Shrine Taro Inari Jinja and Tachibana Sakon
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Tooshooguu 東照宮の神勅 Tosho-Gu no chinshoku
Once there lived a farmer called 半七 Hanshichi in 三河国の小笠原家領内 the district of Ogasawara in Mikawa no Kuni. Many years ago he had been selling oil in the district. He had a divine message from the Tosho-Gu (Tokugawa Ieyasu), changed his name to Genseki 玄碩 and became a doctor. He prepared medicine according to the needs of each individual patient and healed many. Later when he walked around in Ise, where he had another revelation from heaven, telling him that since his own heart was pure he could heal patients so well.
source : aki-yoshida.co.jp/
Habu Genseki 土生玄碩 （1762 - 1848)
..... the Shogun's personal physician and a man celebrated for his skill in treating diseases of the eye,
and Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796-1868), a German doctor, . . . physician at the Dutch East India Company Dejima Factory. . . .
His belongings became wet dampened during a storm, and when laid out on the deck for drying, discovery was made by a Nagasaki Magistrate official of banned maps of Japan drawn by Tadataka Ino, and a Haori jacket with a hollyhock crest of the Tokugawa family, etc. During the intensive investigation that followed, Kageyasu Takahashi of the Nagasaki Magistrate, who had given the maps to Siebold, was sentenced for capital punishment.
Genseki Habu, the Shogunate doctor responsible for the Shogunate Haori, was deprived of his post, and Siebold was exiled for life out of Japan.
- source : Rio Imamura -
- - - - - the ophthalmologist Habu Genseki
- reference -
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Gunma 群馬県 日光 Nikko
. Nikkoozan Tookooboo 日光山東光坊 - Tengu Tokobo. Toko-Bo from Mount Nikko .
Tokugawa in his incarnation as a Tengu !
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Kanagawa 神奈川県 大和市 Yamato
Fukuda village 福田村 was under the direct governance of the Tokugawa clan.
yamanba 山姥 the old mountain hag
Once there lived an old mountain hag in the village, almost like a demon (oni 鬼). People feared her and once when the cherry blossoms were in full bloom, they invited her for a party, gave her poisoned Sake and killed her.
But now she became a vengefull soul and appeared almost every night as a flickering monster light (鬼火) on the road and soon nobody passed this mountain path any more.
When Tokugawa Ieyasu came to this region, he wrote a Waka poem to appease her soul and all was good.
さがみなる 福田の里の やまんばは
いつのいつまで 夫を待つらむ
In Sagami at the village Fukuda this old woman
waiting for her husband for ever and ever
The "old mountain hag" was Ito, 小林大玄の妻（イト） the wife of Kobayashi Daigen (a doctor and mountain priest)
of a special group of nine people to develop the area of Fukuda, 福田開拓九人衆 . He had wandered off to see more of Japan and his wife was left all alone in Yamato in great dispair.
She was later appeased at the temple 建長寺 Kencho-Ji in Kamakura
この‘山姥’とは . . .
- reference source : blog.ap.teacup.com/hazuki69 -
Yamato, Fukuda district, temple 蓮慶寺 Renkei-Ji
The statue 木造優婆尊尼座像 represents Ito from the Yamanba legend. Now she is venerated as a deity to help bring up healthy children.
- reference source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/pokochino6324 -
The story of Kobayashi Ito 小林糸
who liked to drink Sake quite a lot and waited for her husband.
- source : c-yanagibashi/index -
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Nagano 長野県
hakuba no tatari 白馬の祟り the curse of the White Horse
Once there was a dappled gray horse with four white spots, called ソウゼン Sozen.
When the horse turned 8 years, its hair became all white and it seemed cursed. The warlord who had fought with a minister of Ieyasu was defeated and lost his life, together with the white horse, in battle.
Since then a white horse was feared in the village. To appease its soul a stone memorial was put up and regular rituals held there.
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Shizuoka 静岡県
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Shizuoka, 安倍川 River Abekawa
Abekawa Mochi 安倍川餅 rice cakes from Abekawa river, sprinkled with white sugar (a rarity in the Edo period) and with kinako 黄粉 soy bean flour
Once eaten by Tokugawa Ieyasu, after he had retired as Shogun. The local producers told him the yellow kinako was really gold powder.
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Shizuoka, Ryoogoochi 両河内村 Ryogochi Mura in Yoshiwara district, Shimizu 清水市吉原地区
Yoshiwaraji 善原寺 Yoshiwara-Ji
925 Yoshiwara, Shimizu Ward, Shizuoka
Yakushi san 薬師さん - 吉原の薬師堂 Yoshiwara no Yakushi-Do
This temple is famous for its Yakushi Nyorai, healing eye disease.
And in the Yoshiwara district are various tales about Ieyasu.
. Yakushidoo 吉原の薬師堂 Yoshiwara no Yakushi-Do .
大平の薬師様 Yakushi Sama in Ohira village. Ieyasu has his eyes healed.
吉原 Yoshiwara Town in Eastern Shizuoka.
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地元の善原寺には家康の娘・萬姫の眼病平癒の信仰譚も伝わる。家康が萬姫のために大平の薬師如来に参詣しようとしたが、日が暮れたので、ここ吉原にとどまって住職に祈祷を依頼したというものである。
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吉原や平山の家康伝説 Legends about Yoshiwara and Ieyasu at Hirayama
ところで吉原地区には徳川家康にまつわる伝説が多い。曵尾 (hikyoo) という地名は、家康が「比興な奴」(hikyoo) といったことから生まれたという話である。
また、鉄砲の上手な人がいて、家康の狩の勢子をしたという。ほかにも家康が身を清めて祈願したという清水があった庄司沢や権現様などの地名が残る。
もっとも家康伝説は吉原地区のみではない。静岡市の平山地区や瀬名地区にもいくつかある。たとえば、平山には家康が狩に来たという話がある。
また、歩けなくなるまで歩いた範囲の土地を与えるといった家康の言葉を信じて、そのとおりに首尾よく広い土地を得た地元民の話もある。これは瀬名地区の話だが、トルストイの民話に似ている。
平山地区では駿府城の石垣に組む石は長尾川から運び出したといわれている。家康伝説は、この事実と関連があるのかとも考えられる。
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吉原の薬師堂にまつわる多くの疑問 About the Yakushi Hall in Yoshiwara
だが吉原地区の場合にはやや異質である。平山や瀬名のような単純な家康伝説ではないのだ。
善原寺のかたわらに建つ薬師堂の本尊・薬師如来は、全国的に広がる薬師信仰とどう重なるのか、あるいは萬姫(家康にこのような名の娘がいたという史料はない)の眼病治癒の伝説も、眼の仏としてこれまた日本の広い範囲に分布する薬師信仰とどう結びつくのか。
そして何よりも、これらが家康の薬師如来説や申し子説と関わりはないのか、など疑問は尽きないのである。
善原寺の山門をくぐると階段があり、これを登り詰めたところに薬師堂が建つ。いわば山門から一直線の位置に薬師堂があるのだ。そして寺の本堂は階段の右手にあたる位置にある。見方によっては、山門と薬師堂とが一体の伽藍配置なのである。
ふつう、山門の後方には本堂があるというのが、我々が歴史で得た寺の建物配置についての知識である。四天王寺式とか法隆寺式というのがそれである。
ところがその本堂にあたる位置に薬師堂が建っている。これはどう考えるべきなのだろう。
薬師堂の偏額には「瑠璃界」と書かれている。朝鮮通信使の筆という。瑠璃界とは薬師如来の住む浄土である。
そういえば、善原寺は清水市興津の臨済宗清見寺の未である。その清見寺には江戸時代、朝鮮通信使がしばしば立ち寄っている。ここには戦国時代に人質の身だった家康が住んでいた。そして、寛文縁起と樽系図は家康に忠誠を誓った書という一面を持っているのである。
私にはこれら一連の疑問に答える能力はまったくない。速断が許されるべき問題ではない。だからこれからの課題として残しておくことにしよう。
- reference : diycc.info/taki -
. Yakushipedia ABC-Index 薬師如来 Yakushi Nyorai Bhaisajyaguru .
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ten yori kuru to iu mono 天より来ると云ふ者 Someone coming from Heaven
In the garden of 駿府城 Sunpu Castle
something strange appeared, with four fingers on each limb, worn and torn robes and eating only green frogs.
When asked where it has come from, it said "From Heaven!"
The servants wanted to kill it, but Ieyasu told them to bring it outside and let it go.
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Tokyo 東京都
sennin no moji 仙人の文字 letters of Saint Torakichi
In the year 1580 Ieyasu went hunting. He found four letters on the back of a feather of a crane he had shot down. When he showed them to 虎吉 Saint Torakichi, he told them they were four letters of a spell he used to chant constantly.
. Sendoo Torakichi 仙童寅吉 Sendo Torakichi .
Torakichi, the Tengu apprentice
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Tokyo, 渋谷区 Setagaya
Oman enoki おまん榎 hackberry tree of Lady O-Man
The wife of Ieyasu, O-Man no Kata おまんの方 （お万の方）, once suffered from a toothache. The priest from temple 千寿院 Senju-In took a branch from the enoki 榎 Chinese hackberry tree and made a toothpick out of it. When she put that toothpick in her mouth, she was cured very fast.
The tree is now one of the 千駄ヶ谷の七不思議 seven wonders of Sandagaya .
Senjuuin 仙寿院（せんじゅいん、法霊山仙寿院東漸寺）
- source : wikipedia -
. Edo Nana Fushigi 江戸七不思議 The Seven Wonders of Edo .
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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
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"Tiger Daruma" 寅童子の化身、徳川家康 with reference to Ieyasu
Ieyasu was born in the year of the tiger, on the day of the tiger and in the hour of the tiger.
- - - - - Read the story here in my blog :
. Hooraiji 鳳来寺 Horai-Ji, Aichi .
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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -
Ieyasu Ki 家康忌 Ieyasu Memorial Day
元和2年4月17日（1616年6月1日）June 1
Nikkoo Tooshooguu sai
日光東照宮祭 (にっこうとうしょうぐうさい)
Festival at Toshogu in Nikko
Nikkoo sai 日光祭（にっこうさい）Nikko festival
Tooshooguu sai 東照宮祭（とうしょうぐうさい）Toshogu festisval
yoinarisai 宵成祭（よいなりさい）"coming on the night before"
togyosai 渡御祭（とぎょさい）"honorable parade of the main deity"
May 17, 18
. WKD : Tokugawa Ieyasu .
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家康忌老歯さながら城の石
百合山羽公
久能山に雲こそかかれ家康忌
鳥羽しのぶ
家康の魂ひやゝかに杉木立
正岡子規 Masaoka Shiki
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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !
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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #tokugawaieyasu #ieyasu #shinkun - - - -
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