. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Sanyo Kaido 山陽街道 Sanyo Highway and 西国街道 Saigoku Kaido
San'yōdō 山陽道 Sanyodo
"on the sunny side of the mountains"
The first part of the Sanyo Kaido 山陽街道 runs from Kyoto to 西宮 Nishinomiya in 兵庫県 Hyogo
Also called 山崎通り Yamazaki-dori.
The main Saigoku Kaido 西国街道 Highway to the Western Provinces
runs from Nishinomiya to 下関 Shimonoseki in 山口県 Yamaguchi.
- also called
西国路（さいごく〈さいこく・せいごく・せいこく〉じ）Saigokuji
or
Chugoku Kaido 中国街道, Chugokuji 中国路, Sanyoji 山陽路
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San'yōdō (山陽道) is a Japanese geographical term.
It means both an ancient division of the country and the main road running through it. The San'yōdō corresponds for the most part with the modern conception of the San'yō region. This name derives from the idea that the southern side of the central mountain chain running through Honshū was the "sunny" side, while the northern side was the "shady" (山陰 San'in) side.
The region was established as one of the Gokishichidō (Five provinces and seven roads) during the Asuka period (538-710), and consisted of the following eight ancient provinces: Harima, Mimasaka, Bizen, Bitchū, Bingo, Aki, Suō and Nagato. However, this system gradually disappeared by the Muromachi period (1333-1467).
The San'yōdō, however,
continued to be important, and highly trafficked through the Edo period (1603-1867). Running mostly east-west, its eastern terminus, along with those of most of the medieval highways (街道, kaidō), was at Kyoto. From there it ran west through Fushimi, Yodo, Yamazaki, and Hyōgo; from there it followed the coast of the Seto Inland Sea to Hagi, near Shimonoseki, the western terminus of both the San'yōdō and the San'indō, and very near the westernmost end of the island of Honshū. It ran a total of roughly 145 ri (approx. 350 miles).
As might be expected,
the road served an important strategic and logistical role in a number of military situations over the course of the years. Emperor Go-Daigo in the 14th century, Toyotomi Hideyoshi in the 16th century, and many others used it to flee from conflict, to return to the core of the country (kinai), or to move troops. Many daimyō also used this road as part of their mandatory journeys (sankin kotai) to Edo under the Tokugawa shogunate. The road also served the more everyday purpose of providing transport for merchants, traveling entertainers, pilgrims and other commoners.
The modern national highway, Route 2, the San'yō Expressway, and the San'yō Main Line of the West Japan Railway Company, follow the approximate route of the San'yōdō.
- source : wikipedia
. Harima Kaido 播磨街道 Harima Highway .
播磨大路 Harima Oji // 播磨大道 Harima Daido
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京都 - 西宮（山崎通り Yamazakidori ）- Yamazaki Kaido 山崎街道
Starting in Kyoto.
The part from Kyoto to Yamazaki is called called
唐街道 Kara Kaido
Often used for Sankin Kotai to avoid Osaka.
- six postal stations along the road
山崎宿（大山崎町・島本町） - Yamazaki
芥川宿（高槻市）- Akutagawa
郡山宿（茨木市）- Koriyama
瀬川宿（箕面市）- Segawa
昆陽宿（伊丹市）- Koya
西宮宿（西宮市）- Nishinomiya
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- A small by-road from Nishinomiya to 宝塚Takarazuka is called
Nishinomiya Kaido 西宮街道 Nishinomiya Highway
The last station is called
Kohama juku 小浜宿 Kohama
This road was also called
Uma Kaido 馬街道 "road for the horses"
Along the road were some famous spots :
Mukogawa 武庫川 river Mukogawa
Iwashizu Jinja 伊和志津神社 Shrine
Heirinji 平林寺 Temple Heirin-Ji
Takarazuka Jinja 宝塚神社 Shrine
Monkoten Jinja, Monko Tenjin Sha, (Monto Tenjin Sha) 門戸天神社 Shrine
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The Saigoku Kaido 西国街道 Highway to the Western Provinces
from 西宮 Nichinomiya to 下関 Shimonoseki
- 50 postal stations along the road
-- 京都東寺 - 起点 - starting station Kyoto Temple To-Ji
01 山崎 （大山崎町・島本町）- Yamazaki
02 芥川 （高槻市） - Akutagawa
03 郡山 （茨木市）- Koriyama
04 瀬川 （箕面市）- Segawa (Mino city)
- - - - - branching off to . Nose Kaido 能勢街道 Nose Highway .
05 昆陽 （伊丹市）- Koya
06 西宮 （西宮市）- Nishinomiya
07 大蔵谷 （明石市）- Okuradani
08 加古川 （加古川市）- Kakogawa
09 御着 （姫路市) - Gochaku
10 姫路 （姫路市）- Himeji
11 正條（たつの市）- Shojo
12 片島（たつの市）- Katashima
13 有年（赤穂市）- Yunen
14 三石（備前市）- Mitsuishi
15 片上（備前市）- Katakami
16 藤井（岡山市）- Fujii
17 岡山（岡山市）- Okayama
18 板倉（岡山市）- Itakura
19 川辺（倉敷市）- Kawabe
20 矢掛（矢掛町）- Yakake
21 七日市（井原市）- Nanukaichi
22 高屋（井原市）- Takaya
23 神辺（福山市）- Kannabe
24 今津（福山市）- Imazu
25 尾道（尾道市）- Onomichi
26 三原（三原市）- Mihara
27 本郷（三原市）- Hongo
28 四日市（東広島市） Yokkaichi - (also called 西条 Saijo)
29 海田市（海田町）- Kaitaichi
30 広島（広島市）- Hiroshima
31 廿日市（廿日市市）- Hatsukaichi
32 玖波（大竹市）- Kuba
33 関戸（岩国市）- Sekido
34 玖珂（岩国市）- Kuga
35 高森（岩国市）- Takamori
36 今市（周南市）- Imaichi
37 呼坂（周南市）- Yobisaka
38 久保市（下松市）- Kuboichi
39 花岡（下松市）- Hanaoka
40 徳山（周南市）- Tokuyama
41 福川（周南市）- Fukugawa
42 富海（防府市）- Tonomi
43 宮市（防府市）- Miyaichi
44 小郡（山口市）- Ogori
45 山中（宇部市）- Yamanaka
46 船木（宇部市）- Funaki
47 厚狭市（山陽小野田市）- Asaichi
48 吉田（下関市）- Yoshida
49 小月（下関市）- Ozuki
50 長府（下関市）- Chofu
-- 下関（下関市） - - final station - Shimonoseki
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- - - - - Connecting Kyoto with Osaka
- 鳥羽街道 Toba Kaido - 京街道 Kyo Kaido - 大坂街道 Osaka Kaido
From Kyoto 京都の羅城門跡 Rashomon remains to 淀 Yodo.
Also connected to the 東海道 Tokaido Highway.
. 京街道 Kyōkaidō - Kyo Kaido Kyoto Highway .
an old name for the Osaka Kaido.
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Chugoku Kaido 中国街道 / 中国路 Chugoku ji / Chugoku Hama Kaido 浜街道
From the center of Osaka 大坂城下高麗橋 connecting to the 西国街道 Saigoku Kaido.
via 難波橋 Naniwabashi,
十三の渡し Juso no watashi,
神崎の渡し Kanzaki no watashi,
大物浦 Daimono Ura,
尼崎城下 Amagasaki castle town
. hamakaido, hama kaido 浜街道 coastal roads, "road along the beach" .
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. Tokugawa michi 徳川道 Road for Tokugawa .
A branch road of the Sanyodo.
Starting from present day 灘区御影石町 Kobe, Nada ward, Mikage-Ishimachi
back to the Sanyodo at
present day 明石市大蔵谷 Hyogo, Akashi city, Okuradani
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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
................................................................................. Aichi 愛知県
知多郡 Chita district / 中国道 Chugoku do Road
. Kōbō Daishi Kūkai 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 Kobo Daishi Kukai Legends .
migawari Daishi 身代わり大師 Kobo Daishi substitutes for us
Once a man was on his way home from a trip to the Ise Shrine. On the 中国道 Chugoku road a truck came the wrong way, hit his car and he was thrown out. He climbed out of his car and checked his body for injuries, but he did not even have a small scratch.
When he came home and checked his pocket, he found an amulet of Kobo Daishi substituting for humans - that has helped him !
................................................................................. Okayama 岡山県
- - - - - Legends from the essay 旧山陽道周辺の山伏寺
(Temples for Yamabushi mountain priests along the old Sanyodo Road)
by 中山薫 Nakayama Kaoru
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吉備郡 Kibi district 足守町 Ashimori town
. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
At many temples where Yamabushi come to practise, they perform rituals to protect people from illness or misfortune.
Often malicious foxes are responsible for this.
At the temple 神福寺 Shinpuku-Ji there is a fox revered as
. ushirogami ウシロ神 Kami in the back .
who can also help to protect people
- - - - - Ushirogami 後神 / ウシロ神 "behind spirit"
- quote -
Ushirogami looks like a ghost with long black hair, and a large single eyeball located on the top of its head. It doesn’t have feet, but instead has a long, twisting body which allows it to leap high into the air.
... Ushirogami is thought to be a kind of okubyogami — a spirit that causes cowardice, or that specifically targets cowardly people. Its name comes from the words ushiro (behind) and kami (spirit).
However, there is a hidden pun in its name: ushirogami also means the hair on the back of your neck, and the phrase ushirogami wo hikikaeru (to have the hairs on the back of your neck pulled) means to do something with painful reluctance. It describes a person who has to do something that they really don’t want to do. As they search for some way out of it, they turn around and look behind them as if the hairs in the back of their head were being metaphorically pulled. The pun is that the ushirogami (spirit) is pulling on your ushirogami (hair), causing you to become cowardly and not want to do something. You turn around to see who pulled your hair, but there is no one back there. Thus the ushirogami can be explained as both an external entity which causes fear, or as the internal personification of your own cowardice or reluctance.
- source : yokai.com/ushirogami... -
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井原市 Ibara 東江原 Higashiebara
. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .
At the Yamabushi Temple 福寿院 Fukuju-In they perform byooki kitoo 病気祈祷 rituals to ward off illness.
People bewitched by a fox also come here for help.
At the graveyard of the temple a Tengu is venerated, there is even a special 天狗腰掛の松 pine tree where the Tengu comes to sit.
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Mukogawa 武庫川 River Mukogawa / Hyogo 兵庫県
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... The Muko River originates at Mount Shirakami (白髪山 Shirakami-yama) in the Tanba Highland. It flows through the Sanda Basin, and creates the Mukogawa Keikoku Ravine between Sanda and Takarazuka. It continues into Osaka Plain at Takarazuka, and flows in the Osaka Metropolitan Area to create the borders between Takarazuka and Itami as well as between Nishinomiya and Amagasaki. This river flows into Osaka Bay, and was used to transport the Kohama style of sake from the Kohama-juku (小浜宿) in Amagasaki Domain of Settsu Province during the Edo period. ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !
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hotaru 蛍 fireflies along the river Mukogawa
The fireflies along the river Mukogawa are said to be the "demon fires" in memory of the Samurai 明智光秀 Akechi Mitsuhide and his family.
. onibi 鬼火 / kika キカ "demon fire", "devil's fire" .
. Akechi Mitsuhide 明智光秀 (1528 - 1582) .
. hotaru 蛍 firefly legends .
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obame オバメ ghostly fire
Near the river 武庫川 Mukogawa there is 石塚 a stone mound with the inscription Kameido no Hokora 亀井戸の社 "Shrine of Kameido".
In former times criminals were executed there (ishikozume 石子詰め) by burring them in the ground with the head sticking out.
On summer nights a ghostly fire is flickering above this stone.
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rooshoo 老樟 the old camphor tree
At the bank of the river 武庫川 Mukogawa there is an old camphor tree with two main trunks.
If someone cuts it down, there will be a large fire and the man will be cursed.
During some repairs to the riverside the tree was cut down. The man who did it broke his nokogiri 鋸 saw and he developed a high fever.
. kusu no ki 樟の木 camphor tree, Cinnamomum camphora .
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Takarazuka 宝塚 Hyogo 兵庫県
takara zuka 寶塚 a mound full of treasures
This name refers to the treasures burried by Jingu Kogo. If people find something worth picking up on this mountain, they will be lucky.
. Empress Jingu Kogo 神功皇后 / 神宮皇后 .
AD 170 - 269, Regent from 201 - 269
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This town has a long history.
In 825, the Sumiyoshi Shrine was built.
Between 1492 and 1500: Kohama town was established as a temple town for Koushou-ji.
- Now it is best known for the Takarazuka Grand Theatre (宝塚大劇場 Takarazuka Dai Gekijō)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !
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ryuume 竜馬 "dragon horse"
Minamoto no Mitsunaka 源満仲 (912 - 997) had been asked by 竜女 Ryujo, a Dragon Lady, to kill a daija 大蛇 huge serpent.
As a reward he got a ryuuma 竜馬 "dragon horse" with horns.
Its skull is buried at the temple 普明寺 Fumyo-Ji. The bones are useful for amagoi 雨乞い rain rituals.
. amagoi 雨乞いと伝説 Legends about rain rituals / Regenzauber .
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. ryuujin 竜神 /龍神 と伝説 Ryujin, Legends about the Dragon Deity .
To perform amagoi 雨乞い rain rituals, the head of ushi 牛 a bull is offered on the side where the waterfall comes down at the ryuujin-iwa 龍神岩 Dragon-God Boulder.
The fresh blood of the animal falls down along the boulder.
If the Dragon God feels the blood, he gets angry and makes rain to fall and storm to blow.
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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
山陽道 / 中国道 / 武庫川 / 宝塚
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. Sanin Kaido 山陰街道 Sanin Highway, San'in Highway .
San'indō 山陰道 Sanin-Do, Sanindo / そとものみち Sotomono Michi
"in the shade of the mountains"
. kaidoo 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .
. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .
. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .
. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .
. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .
. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
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- - - - - #sanyodo #saigoku #saikoku #saigokukaido #chugoku #chugokukaido #yamabushi #tokugawa - - - -
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