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3/04/2020

Inaba Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- Wakasa Kaido, see below -
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Inaba Kaido 因幡街道 Inaba Highway
Connecting Himeji in 兵庫県 Hyogo with 鳥取 Tottori.

source and photos : yasu310/inaba-kaidou...

. Sanin Kaido 山陰街道 Sanin Highway, San'in Highway .
11 鳥取宿（鳥取県鳥取市）- Tottori

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- Postal stations along the Inaba Kaido

Himeji 姫路 Hyogo（兵庫県姫路市）
Shikisai 飾西宿（兵庫県姫路市）
Hashisaki 觜崎宿（兵庫県たつの市）
Senbon 千本宿（兵庫県たつの市）
Mikazuki 三日月宿（兵庫県佐用郡佐用町）
Hirafuku 平福宿（兵庫県佐用郡佐用町）
Ohara 大原宿 Okayama （岡山県美作市）
Sakane 坂根宿（岡山県英田郡西粟倉村）
Komagaeri 駒帰宿 Tottori（鳥取県八頭郡智頭町）
Chizu 智頭宿（鳥取県八頭郡智頭町）
Mochigase 用瀬宿（鳥取県鳥取市）
Kawara 河原宿（鳥取県鳥取市）
Tottori 鳥取（鳥取県鳥取市）

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Ohara 大原宿

Ohara is connected to the birth of the famous swordsman
. Miyamoto Musashi 宮本武蔵 (1584 - 1645) .
Miyamoto no Sato 武蔵の里
Shrine 武蔵神社 Musashi Jinja

岡山県美作市宮本968 / Okayama, Mimasaka, Miyamoto 968

- Link with more photos from Ohara :
source and photos : yasu310/inaba-kaidou...

The road Musashi took to leave home is called
Musashi Michi　武蔵道 Musashi Road

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Chizu 智頭宿

. Visiting Chizu .
Ishitani Family Residence / 智頭石谷家住宅 and more

Chizu Orai route 智頭往来ルート
crossing over the pass 志戸坂峠 Shitozaka Toge.
Now National Highway Nr. 373
It was used for Sankin Kotai to Edo by the Lord of 鳥取藩 Tottori Han.

Shitozaka tunnel

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- quote -
Inaba Province (因幡国, Inaba no kuni)
was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the eastern part of Tottori Prefecture. It was sometimes called Inshū (因州).
Inaba bordered on Harima, Hōki, Mimasaka, and Tajima Provinces.
The ancient capital, and the castle town, were at Tottori city. Ube jinja was designated as the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) for the province.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Wakasa Kaido 若桜街道（わかさかいどう) Wakasa Highway
This old highway connects the city of Tottori with nearby 若桜町 Wakasa town.
Now National Highway Nr. 29.
When the road reached Hyogo prefecture, it was named 因幡街道 Inaba Kaido.

- quote -
Wakasa (若桜町, Wakasa-chō)
is a town located in 八頭町 Yazu District, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. ...
Wakasa, located deep in the Chūgoku Mountains, is 95% mountainous. The population of Wakasa is primarily located in mountain villages in a line from the southeast to northwest of the town. Most of the population is located along the Hattō River or its small tributaries.
The town hosts an annual 'Yukigassen', an organised snowball fighting tournament in which up to fifty teams participate. The winners win a trip to participate in the Hokkaido grand tournament.
- - - - - History
- Early history
The mountainous areas of Wakasa do not appear to have supported a population in early Japanese history.
No remains from the Jōmon (14,000 – 300 BCE) or Yayoi 300 BCE – 250 CE) periods have been found in Wakasa. The town had two or three small settlements in the Kofun period (250 – 538). Wakasa became part of Yakami District in Inaba Province early in recorded Japanese history. Settlements in the area are appeared early in the Heian period (794 – 1185), and the name of a village called Wakasa first appear in the historical record this time.
The Yabe clan controlled Wakasa throughout the Heian period to the end of the Kamakura period (1185 – 1333). The Yabe built 若桜鬼ヶ城（わかさおにがじょう）Wakasa Onigajo Castle in this period.A The existence of the Yabe clan and Oniga castle are noted in the Taiheiki, a Japanese historical epic written in the late 14th century.
- Later history
Wakasa, located in a richly forested area of the Chūgoku Mountains, was a source of lumber and lumber products from early times. The production of raw timber, planks, charcoal, and firewood is noted as early as the Kamakura period. These products, as well as rice, were transported on the Hattō River for export to other parts of Japan via the Japan Sea.
At the beginning of the Edo period (1603 – 1868) the Tokugawa shogunate developed land for rice paddies in Wakasa as part of a nationwide effort to increase rice production in Japan. The mountainous areas of Wakasa provided extensive irrigation for rice-producing areas in the flatlands of the lower Sendai River, but Wakasa suffered frequent flooding from the Hattō River, notably in 1815 and 1888.
After the Meiji Restoration in 1868 Wakasa became part of the newly formed Tottori Prefecture. The town was officially incorporated under administrative reforms by the Meiji government in 1889.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

remains of 若桜鬼ヶ城 Wakasa Onigajo Castle

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因幡 - 伯耆のみち - 檮原街道 Inaba, Hōki / Hoki no Michi, Yusuhara Kaido
司馬遼太郎「街道をゆく」Ryōtarō Shiba Ryotaro

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

. The White Rabbit of Inaba 因幡の白兎 .

.................................................................................　Tottori 鳥取県
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智頭 Chizu

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
Once a child was bewitched by a fox. A Buddhist priest performed rituals and blew his horagai ホラ貝 conch shell during the whole night.
Next morning the child was dead.

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Seirenzuka no matsu 正蓮塚の松 pine at the Seiren mound
Also called Yamabushi matsu 山伏松 "pine of the Yamabushi mountain priest".
Near the Chizubashi bridge. A samurai called 花房彌次郎 / 花房弥次郎 Hanabusa Yajiro lived here.
Yajiro had a dream about a Yamabushi who told him he could not go to the Buddhist paradise and asked Yajiro to perform rituals for him.
Yajiro went to the temple 龍峯寺 Ryubu-Ji and asked the priest to perform rituals. After that, the bad dreams of Yajiro stopped.

Chizubashi bridge 智頭橋 in Tottori, over the river 袋川 Fukurogawa - one of the 100 famous bridges of Japan.

. matsu 松と伝説 Legends about the pine tree .

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岩美郡 Iwami district

. namazu なまず / 鯰　the catfish - der Wels .
In the lake 多鯰ヶ池 Tanegaike there lived a huge catfish. His mouth was more than 3 meters wide. Once some people came by boat to cross this lake and the catfish tried to swallow them with the boat.
There also lived a special unagi 鰻 eel in the lake.
Only its head was huge, but the rest of its body was very frail.

. unagi うなぎ /　鰻と伝説 Legends about the eel .

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若桜町 Wakasa town

. Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩伝説 legends about Kannon .
Once a thief wanted to steal the Kannon statue in the yard of the school of the hamlet 中原 Nakahara. He tried to carry it, but it became more and more heavy. When he turned to bring it back, it became light again.
Another version tells of a rope which the thief used, and it fell apart.
. . .
Many years ago there was a special hospital for densenbyosha 伝染病者 people with infectious epidemic diseases above the statue of Kannon.
A nearby farmhouse had a fire and a bundle of straw flew toward the hospital, which also begun to burn.
Since it was above the Kannon statue, people thought the deity did not like the hospital and helped to burn it.

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. Konjin, Konjin Sama 金神, 金神様 deity of metal .
Konjin San is a wicket deity who curses people.
Once it was outdide the home, but a priest advised to put it inside on the kamidana 神棚 shelf of the Gods and venerate it there.

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. Kojin Sama 荒神様 Aragami "wild deity" .
If people do not venerate this deity properly, they will be cursed.
Once something bad happened in the hamlet and people said it was the curse of 門田家の荒神さん Kojin sama from the Kadota family.
Now they come and venerate there to appease the deity.

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kimodameshi 肝試し test of courage
On the 14th day of the 12th month, the day when the famous 47 Ronin killed their enemy as told in the Chushingura story,
the young people from the village have to pass a test of courage.
They have to go to the graveyard or the local Shinto shrine at night and the elders threaten them from behind the big 銀杏 Gingko tree along the road.

. Chushingura 忠臣蔵 and the 47 Ronin .

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. tanuki 狸 - mujina 狢－ racoon dog, badger legends .
Deep in the mountains of the 吉川 Yoshikawa hamlet there were many forest workers cutting trees, living in a small hut. At night a woman came peeking into the hut. The woodcutters were afraid and slept with their axes by the bedside. The next evening the woman came again and walked into the hut, looking at each one face. When she came to the last one in the back, he took his ax to kill her, but she run away. All his companions had their tongues cut out and were dead.
All the villagers from Yoshikawa went to the mountain now and followed the blood trail until they came to a cave in a valley. In the hole they found the white hair of a Tanuki, who had killed all the people.

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. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
If someone talks bad about a fox in the evening, the fox will come at night and bark around the house so that people can not sleep.
.
On a mountain road the fox may do a lot of tricks:
make people loose their way, shape-shift into a woman to seduce a man, show a home by the roadside, steal the candle from the lantern of steal the fish someone is carrying.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
因幡若桜町 // 43 因幡

池に関する因幡の伝説 Legends from Inaba related to ponds and lakes
徳田貞一

因幡若桜の民俗 Tales from Inaba Wakasa
六信仰

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

春灯の因幡の宿の茶粥かな
shuntoo no Inaba no yado no chagayu kana

lamplight in spring
at a lodging in Inaba eating rice gruel
cooked with tea . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

いちろ Ichiro

. shuntoo 春燈 (しゅんとう) lamplight in spring .

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3/02/2020

Yokohama Michi Road

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Yokohama michi 横浜道 Yokohama road
Yokohama Kaido 横浜街道
Connecting the harbour of Yokohama, 神奈川県 Kanagawa, with the Tokaido Highway.

. Tokaido 東海道五十三次 53 stations .
3. Kanagawa-juku 神奈川宿 (Yokohama)
4. Hodogaya-juku 程ヶ谷（保土ヶ谷）宿 (Yokohama)
5. Totsuka-juku 戸塚宿 (Yokohama)

Passing the modern 横浜市西区 Western Ward and 中区 Central ward of Yokohama.

With the arrival of foreign vessels demanding the opening of Japan around 1858 and the treaty 日米修好通商条約, the harbour of Yokohama was opened in 1859.
The Edo Bakufu government wanted to prevent the foreigners to come too close to the 神奈川宿 Kanagawa-Juku and built a new port at 横浜村 Yokohama Mura village.
During these times, the connection between Kanagawa and Yokohama was inconvenient. Some parts had just been landfilled and were still quite wet.
A new road was built under the supervision of 苅部清兵衛 Karubei Seibei.
In 1898 under the supervision of 下岡蓮杖 Shimooka Renjo (1823 - 1914) the part from the bridge 吉田橋 to 築地 was finished.
In 1872, the railroad from Yokohama to 新橋 Shinbashi was opened.

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- Places along the Yokohama Michi -

Shibaumura, Shibau mura 芝生村 (present day 西区浅間町 Sengen cho)

Hiranumabashi 平沼橋

Ishizakibashi 石崎橋 (present day 敷島橋 Shikishimabashi)

Tobemura village 戸部村

Nogeyama 野毛山

Otabashi 太田橋 (present day 吉田橋 Yoshidabashi)

Bashamichi 馬車道

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Yokohama Bashamichi
The symbol of enlightenment from Meiji era and on, Yokohama. [Bashamichi Shopping Avenue], an area celebrating its 150th anniversary offers attractions such as historic spots, edifices, and food related to Yokohama’s history that can be enjoyed while taking a stroll. On the street where many historical buildings remain, you will find many monuments commemorating birthplace of things unique to Bashamichi, home of modern culture; you can also enjoy public art and eateries with a long history.
... Symbol of enlightenment; "Kane-no-hashi (iron bridge) Monument (Yoshidahashi)"
Yoshidahashi had a gateway established at its foot at the time the port opened. As Japan opened itself to the world in Meiji period, the bridge was revamped with Japan’s first truss structure method by R. H. Brunton, a British civil engineer. At that time it was called “Kane-no-hashi (iron bridge)” and was commonly known as a symbol of enlightenment.
The current balustrade was reconstructed resembling “Kane-no-hashi” in those days; now it is regarded as a historical site “Yoshidahashi-kanmon-ato (ruins of Yoshidahashi gateway)” along with “Kane-no-hashi Monument,” handing down the spirit of Meiji to present.
... The first attempt in Japan aiming for a city with abundant greenery;
“Location of the First Modern Tree-lined Street in Japan”
It is said that a tree-lined street developed to strengthen cityscape beauty in a city where overpopulation was expected due to modernization. The first tree-lined street in Japan actually derived from this Bashamichi. It is said that modern tree-lined street began when stores at Bashamichi planted willow and pine trees to make a nice-looking cityscape in 1867 (3rd year of Keio).
... Ice cream in Japan originated in Bashamichi
It all began when Machida Fusazo sold them as “Aisukurin” in Meiji 2.
... The first gas light in Japan also lit up in Bashamichi
by “Nippon Gas Shachu,” a gas company owned by Takashima Kaemon in Meiji 5.
..... A well-established pharmacy familiar with western and Chinese medicine, “Heiandoo-yakkyoku.”
Heiandoo-yakkyoku is a well-established business established in Meiji 3 as Kinokuniya-yakuho that has added years in tandem with Bashamichi. Eisuke (Shintaro), its second generation, is one of the pharmacists who passed yakuho-kaigyo-shiken, the first national examination for pharmacists.
... Rokumeikan apparel that can be borrowed at “Shinanoya,”
the oldest boutique in Japan is also a topic of conversation
... Nipponkoa Bashamichi Building
has a rare architecture with a hybrid of the buildings at the time of the opening of Yokohama Port and modern buildings.
It is a Neo Renaissance style building built in 1922.
... Shimooka Renjo Kenshohi (Honoring Monument of Renjo Shimooka),
a monument honoring a pioneer of Japan’s photography.
... Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Cultural History
retains its Meiji modern architecture as a cultural history capital. It was built as the head office of Yokohama Specie Bank, Ltd. in 1904 and was reborn as a museum run by Kanagawa prefecture.
... Bankoku-bashi bridge
the gateway to Yokohama which connects the port and Bashamichi
- source : tabido.jp/en-us -

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- quote -
Yokohama 横浜 ("horizontal beach")
is the second largest city in Japan by population, and the most populous municipality of Japan.
It is the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshu. It is a major commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area.
Yokohama developed rapidly as Japan's prominent port city following the end of Japan's relative isolation in the mid-19th century, and is today one of its major ports along with Kobe, Osaka, Nagoya, Hakata, Tokyo, and Chiba.
The current area surrounded by Maita Park, the Ōoka River and the Nakamura River had been a gulf divided by a sandbar from the open sea. This sandbar was the original Yokohama fishing village. Since the sandbar protruded perpendicularly from the land, or horizontally when viewed from the sea, it was called a "horizontal beach".
- - - - - Opening of the Treaty Port (1859–1868)
Yokohama was a small fishing village up to the end of the feudal Edo period, when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, having little contact with foreigners. A major turning point in Japanese history happened in 1853–54, when Commodore Matthew Perry arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of American warships, demanding that Japan open several ports for commerce, and the Tokugawa shogunate agreed by signing the Treaty of Peace and Amity. ... Yokohama quickly became the base of foreign trade in Japan.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Nogeyama Dobutsuen 野毛山動物園 Zoological Gardens

- quote -
Located on a hilltop in a quiet residential neighborhood, Nogeyama Park is a great place to escape the crowds and enjoy the peaceful greenery and wide open spaces. When walking around it is hard to believe that you are only a few minutes away from one of the liveliest parts of Yokohama. A short distance away from this park is another interesting place worth visiting, Nogeyama Zoological Gardens.
Opened in 1951,
Nogeyama was the first zoo to be opened in Yokohama. Covering an area of 8 acres, Nogeyama is the only centrally located zoo within Yokohama, making it very convenient and easy to access. More importantly, it is free!
The zoo has initiated a number of improvements including the construction of a new `Nakayoshi` area allowing children to interact freely with smaller animals. Many new programs have also been introduced including a `Night Zoo` during the summer months.
Because of its compact size,
this Zoo makes a nice place to spend several hours wandering around the various enclosures. There are about 100 different species of animals including monkeys, wild cats, birds and several Red Pandas.
Without doubt, the Red Pandas are the star attraction of this zoo and are therefore located close to main entrance, making them the first and last animals that you will see. Having seen a couple of Red Pandas recently at another zoo, I was very impressed by the design of the enclosure which almost (but not quite), allows you to get within touching distance.
Along with the usual array of animals
that can be found in many other zoos, are several `Tuften Capuchin`, (a small South American Money).
The next interesting creature was a Kagu, (A bird). Indigenous to New Caledonia and a little similar to the New Zealand Kiwi.. Indeed, Nogeyama can boast about being the only zoo in Japan and perhaps one of the few places in the world to host this bird.
- source : yokohamajapan.com... -

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. Shrine Yokohama Narita San 横浜成田山 .
延命院 Enmei-In / - 横浜別院 Yokohama Betsu-In - Noge
横浜市中区野毛町の成田山横浜別院

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- quote -
Shimooka Renjō 下岡蓮杖 (1823 – 1914)
was a Japanese photographer and was one of the first professional photographers in Japan.
He opened the first commercial photography studio in Yokohama, and in Japan he is widely considered the father of Japanese photography.
... He was born with the name Sakurada Hisanosuke in Shimoda on the Izu Peninsula in central Honshū to a samurai family. When he was thirteen years old he moved to Edo (Tokyo) to study painting and serve as an apprentice to a stock merchant. In 1843 he served as a samurai in the Shimoda artillery battery where he may have been first introduced to daguerreotypes from the Netherlands. ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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2/28/2020

Nankaido Gokishichido

- quote
a Japanese geographical term.
It means both an ancient division of the country and the main road running through it. The road connected provincial capitals in this region.
It was part of the 五畿七道 Gokishichidō system.
The Nankaidō encompassed the pre-Meiji provincial lands of Kii and Awaji, plus the four provinces that made up the island of Shikoku: Awa, Sanuki, Tosa, and Iyo.
The road extended from Nara to the seacoast to the south on the 紀伊半島 Kii Peninsula of the island of Honshū in Japan and crossing the sea, extended to Yura (nowadays Sumoto) and then Shikoku.
- source : wikipedia

- Areas along the Nankaido
紀伊国 Kii no Kuni （現在の和歌山県 Wakayama、三重県南部 Southern Mie）
淡路国 Awaji no Kuni（現在の兵庫県淡路島 Hyogo, Awaji、沼島 Nushima）
阿波国 Awa no Kuni （現在の徳島県 Tokushima）
讃岐国 Sanuki no Kuni （現在の香川県 Kagawa）
伊予国 Io no Kuni （現在の愛媛県 Ehime）
土佐国 Tosa no Kuni （現在の高知県 Kochi）

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Gokishichido 五畿七道 goki shichido - Five provinces and seven roads
kinai shichidoo 畿内七道 .

- quote -

Gokishichidō (五畿七道, "five provinces and seven circuits")
was the name for ancient administrative units organized in Japan during the Asuka period (AD 538–710), as part of a legal and governmental system borrowed from the Chinese. Though these units did not survive as administrative structures beyond the Muromachi period (1336–1573), they did remain important geographical entities until the 19th century.
The Gokishichidō consisted of five provinces in the Kinai (畿内) or capital region, plus seven dō (道) or circuits, each of which contained provinces of its own.
When Hokkaido was included as a circuit after the defeat of the Republic of Ezo in 1869, the system was briefly called Gokihachidō (五畿八道, "five provinces and eight circuits") until the abolition of the han system in 1871.

- - - - - The five Kinai provinces
were local areas in and around the imperial capital (first Heijō-kyō at Nara, then Heian-kyō at Kyōto). They were:
Yamato Province (now Nara Prefecture)
Yamashiro Province (now the southern part of Kyōto Prefecture, including the city of Kyōto)
Kawachi Province (now the southeastern part of Osaka Prefecture)
Settsu Province (now the northern part of Osaka Prefecture, including the city of Osaka, and parts of Hyōgo Prefecture)
Izumi Province (now the southern part of Osaka Prefecture)

- - - - - The seven Circuits
... administrative areas stretching away from the Kinai region in different directions. Running through each of the seven areas was an actual road of the same name, connecting the imperial capital with all of the provincial capitals along its route.
-- Eastern sea circuit / Tōkaidō (running east along Japan's Pacific coast).
-- Eastern mountains circuit / Tōsandō (northeast through the Japanese Alps).
-- Northern land circuit / Hokurikudō (northeast along the Sea of Japan coast).
-- Dark (Northern) mountains circuit / Sanindō (west along the Sea of Japan coast).
-- Light (Southern) mountains circuit / Sanyōdō (west along the northern side of the Seto Inland Sea).
-- Southern sea circuit / Nankaidō (south to the Kii Peninsula and the islands of Awaji and Shikoku).
-- Western sea circuit / Saikaidō (the "western" island, Kyūshū).
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

東山道の「道内」を走る街道
・本街道を「中山道」「日光街道」
・脇街道を「西近江街道」「伊那街道」「野麦街道（善光寺道）」「七里半越え」「白川街道」「飛騨街道」「上保街道」「郡上街道」「美濃街道」「北国街道」「北国西街道」
- reference source : sakaekai.net... -

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Kaminoho Kaido 上保街道 Kaminoho Kaido
Gifu 岐阜県
Now part of national highway 156.

八幡 Hachiman
白鳥 Shiratori

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Nankaido - Walking in Wakayama
- reference source : wakayama-kanko.or.jp/walk... -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

屠蘇酌むや南海道の鯨守り
toso nomu ya Nankaido no kujira mori

広江八重桜 Hiroe Yaezakura (1879 - 1945)

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2/26/2020

Harima Kaido

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Harima Kaido 播磨街道 Harima Highway
播磨大路 Harima Oji // 播磨大道 Harima Daido
From Harima (Himeji, Hyogo prefecture) to 岡山県 Okayama
This is the local part of the
. Sanyo Kaido 山陽街道 Sanyo Highway and 西国街道 Saigoku Kaido .
used by the regional Daimyo on their Sankin Kotai to Edo.
The old names of the area were
播磨国 Harima no Kuni and 備前国 Bizen no Kuni.

- Places along the Harima Kaido

Funasaka Toge Pass 船坂峠 - 197m
On the border of 兵庫県赤穂郡上郡町梨ヶ原 Nashigahara, Kamigori, Ako in Hyogo to 岡山県備前市三石 Mitsuishi Bizen city, Okayama.

The old name was 畝坂（うなさか) Unasaka.

Sakanaga 坂長 (さかなが）- the old name for Mitsuishi in Bizen city
Mitsuishi postal station 三石の宿場
with sekisho 関所 a barrier

Mitsuishi mile stone

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. Sanyo Kaido 山陽街道 Sanyo Highway and 西国街道 Saigoku Kaido .

10 姫路（姫路市）- Himeji
11 正條（たつの市）- Shojo (Tatsuno)
12 片島（たつの市）- Katashima (Tatsuno)
13 有年（赤穂市）- Yunen (Akaho)
14 三石（備前市）- Mitsuishi (Bizen)
15 片上（備前市）- Katakami (Bizen)
16 藤井（岡山市）- Fujii (Okayama)
17 岡山（岡山市）- Okayama

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- quote
Harima Province (播磨国, Harima no kuni) or Banshū (播州)
was a province of Japan in the part of Honshū that is the southwestern part of present-day Hyōgo Prefecture. Harima bordered on Tajima, Tanba, Settsu, Bizen, and Mimasaka Provinces. Its capital was Himeji.
During the Edo period, the Akō Domain (fief) was part of Harima. The Forty-seven rōnin were samurai of Akō han. IHI Corporation, a shipbuilder and major Boeing engine subcontractor gets its name from the province.
- History
Harima Province was established in 7th century. During the Meiji Restoration, Himeji Prefecture was established with the whole area of Harima Province as the territory. Himeji Prefecture was renamed to Shikama prefecture, and Shikama Prefecture was transferred to Hyōgo Prefecture finally.
Iwa jinja 伊和神社 was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Harima.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Bizen Province (備前国, Bizen no kuni)
was a province of Japan on the Inland Sea side of Honshū, in what is today the southeastern part of Okayama Prefecture. It was sometimes called Bishū (備州 Bishu), with Bitchū and Bingo Provinces. Bizen borders Mimasaka, Harima, and Bitchū Provinces.
Bizen's original center was in the modern city of Okayama. From an early time Bizen was one of Japan's main centers for sword smithing.
- History
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713), the land of Bizen-no kuni was administratively separated from Mimasaka Province (美作国). In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period.
In Wadō 6, Tanba Province (丹波国) was sundered from Tango Province (丹後国); and Hyūga Province (日向国) was divided from Ōsumi Province (大隈国).
In the Muromachi period,
Bizen was ruled by the Akamatsu clan from Mimasaka, but by the Sengoku period the Urakami clan had become dominant and settled in Okayama city. They were later supplanted by the Ukita clan, and Ukita Hideie was one of the regents Toyotomi Hideyoshi appointed for his son. After Kobayakawa Hideaki helped Tokugawa Ieyasu to win the Battle of Sekigahara over Ukita and others, he was granted Ukita's domains in Bizen and Mimasaka.
Bizen passed through a variety of hands during the Edo period before being incorporated into the modern prefecture system.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Banshu 播州 - Harima no Kuni 播磨国民芸 folk art .
Hyogo Folk Art - 兵庫県　

. Banshu 播州薬師霊場 pilgrimage to Yakushi Nyorai .

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

.................................................................................　Hyogo 兵庫県
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播磨国 Harima no Kuni

. Kitsune Hikyaku 狐飛脚 fox messengers .

桂蔵坊 Keizobo was an old fox that lived close to the Tottori castle. He could run to Edo and back in just two days and was famous for his speed. The Lord Ikeda 池田 of the Castle was very fond of him.
One day Keizobo was sent on a secret mission to Edo and passing 播磨国 Harima no Kuni (Hyogo), he passed a trap of a farmer, who had placed a delicious-smelling fried rat. Since he was on an urgent mission, he passed on. On his way back from Edo he was hungry and wanted to get the rat, but in turn got caught in the trap himself and was killed.
Lord Ikeda grieved about his friend and had the shrine 中坂神社 Nakazaka Jinja built in his honor.

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播磨国明石 Akashi

bifujin 美婦人 beautiful women
In Akashi lived a man named 石巻郷右衛門 Ishimaki Goemon. When he was about 20 years, a spring of pure water came out of the garden in front of his room. In the water there were many beautiful women. The women came into his room and he fell in love with them all. He was up all night and became weaker and weaker ...
When his mother asked about his problem. He told her all and the ladies stopped appearing.

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播磨国安志 Anji

Sekawa Taukai せ河たう介
Among the retainers of the Lord of Anji there was a man named Sekawa Taukai. He was a very fast runner and could run about 300 km in one day.
Once on a rainy day he run with an umbrella, but when he came back, the umbrella was torn to pieces.

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播磨国谷外村 Tanisotomura village

. Legends about oni 鬼 demons .
If a child has kan 癇 epilepsy, the mother puts a piece of paper with the word 鬼 demon written three times in its hand. Then she recites a Buddhist spell three times:
アブラウンケンソワカ abura unken sowaka / abiraunken sowaka
Abira unken sowaka is a chant against the Seven Misfortunes (七難消滅).

.................................................................................　Okayama 岡山県
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備前国 Bizen no Kuni

amagoi waka 雨乞和歌 Waka poetry and rain rituals
A Samurai from Bizen no Kuni named 水野義風 Mizuno Gifu was ordered by the village head to write a Waka poem as a rain ritual.
The villagers were happy, took a copy home and offered it to the 産土神 Ubusunagami, And the rain came soon.
So to our day when there is a drought, they take out this paper and perform rituals. Then it will rain.

. Ubusunagami 産土神 Deity of the place of birth .

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. inu 犬と伝説 Legends about the dog / Hund .
In Bizen no Kuni there is a dog who recites the Nenbutsu 念仏 Amida Prayer. He stands at the gate of the temple and talks in almost a human voice.

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. suikazura スイカズラ / 吸葛 / 忍冬と伝説 Legends about honeysuckle .
Inugami 犬神，Sarugami 猿神 and the Nue Monster

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yakoo no tama 夜光の玉 a ball of light in the night
According to the geographer 古川古松軒 Furukawa Koshoken, who was born in Bizen no Kuni,
in the year 1797 in 備前国 Bizen in 児嶋 / 児島 Kojima 榧原 Kayahara, a rich farmer had ishigaki 石垣 a large stone wall built around his estate. From two large stones there were two round balls coming out.
The big one looked as if a white powder was painted around it. When placed into a dark room, one could almost read a book.

- Furukawa Koshoken (1726 - 1807) -
... known chiefly for his travel of his travels in Kyûshû and Tôhoku.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
播磨国 OK // 51 播磨
備前国 OK // 26 備前

17 播磨国飾磨郡地方の迷信集 (00)
essay by 浅田茂　Asada Shigeru

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2/24/2020

Gujo Kaido Gifu

Itoshiro is located at the foot of the sacred mountain 白山 Hakusan and the Highway relates to this old pilgrim road.
Part is along the river 長良川 Nagaragawa, which has many bends and curves.
From 美濃市 Mino city to Gujo Hachiman there is a steep valley to cross over the river. In former times pilgrims had to cross many passes and rivers, so this pilgrims road tried to avoid this as much as possible.

- Postal stations along the Guji Kaido
Gifu city 岐阜市
Seki city 関市
Mino city 美濃市
Gujo city Minami town 郡上市美並町
Gujo city Hachiman town 郡上市八幡町
Gujo city Yamato town 郡上市大和町
Gujo city Shirotori 郡上市白鳥町
Itoshiro 石徹白

. Shirakawa Kaido 白川街道 Shirakawa Highway .
From Gujo Hachiman to Shirakawa

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Visit Gujo Hachiman !
Experience Japan "Off the Beaten Path" in a truly unique way
Visit Gujo Hachiman and you can expect to be immersed in an authentic small town Japanese experience unique to an "off the beaten path" town. Here the traditional way of living is on a very human scale. People passing each other in the street still greet each other with a small bow, and exchange a passing greeting.
- Spring in Gujo Hachiman
Cherry blossoms are the highlight of the season, and make it well worth the journey to Gujo Hachiman. The cherry blossoms here typically bloom one week later than in Nagoya or Kyoto which means you can extend your chances to see and immerse yourself in what many consider to be the most beautiful time of the season.
- Cherry blossoms at Anyo Ji Temple
You can also experience the magic of cherry blossoms at night in Atago Park where the blooms are lit until late evening each night. This is a very unique way to experience the beautiful pink blooms.
- Jion Ji Temple garden
- Gujo Odori - Mid July to Early September
- Ayu Fishing in the Yoshida or Nagara River - summer
- Plastic Food Replica Stores and Workshops - anytime and unique to Gujo Hachiman!
- source : gujohachiman.com/kanko...

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Gujo Hachiman Castle (郡上八幡城, Gujō-Hachimanjō)
was built in 1559 by the local feudal lord on the top of a hill. Although the castle had been destroyed in the early Meiji Period, it was rebuilt in 1933. Unlike most reconstructed castles, Gujo Hachiman's was rebuilt using wood rather than concrete. However, its interior does not follow its original design.
The castle's hilltop location
provides a beautiful view of the town in the valley below. Maple trees surround the castle and make the area particularly attractive during the autumn leaf season in early to mid November. During this time, the colorful leaves are further showcased by a night time light display.
The castle is located on a hill in the northeastern corner of town.
- source : japan-guide.com... -

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大師堂 Daishi Do Temple Hall

Mountain route starting from the Daishido Hall

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Hakusan National Park 白山国立公園
Mt. Hakusan — meaning White Mountain — is considered sacred within the Shinto tradition, and serious climbers in Japan are very fond of it.
Hakusan National Park, where the peak is located, offers natural waterfalls, holy places, onsen hot springs, and a range of flora and fauna.
- A dormant volcano surrounded by seven lakes, the entire area around Mt. Hakusan is a designated national park covering nearly 500 square kilometers and dubbed a "Man and the Biosphere" site by UNESCO.
The park encompasses four mountains over 2,000 meters — Hakusan, 御前峰 Gozengamine, 剣ヶ峰 Kengamine, and 大汝峰 Onanjigamine.
- Hakusan White Road for cars
- source : japan.travel... -

. Hakusan shrines 白山神社 in Japan .
and their annual festivals.

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Nagaragawa 長良川

Ukai 鵜飼 (cormorant fishing) is a traditional fishing method using "u" (Japanese Cormorant) to catch river fish.
On the Nagara River, the ukai season starts at the outset of the ayu (sweetfish) fishing season, held every night from May 11th to October 15th except on the day of the harvest moon or when the river swells.
- reference source : nagaragawa.org... -

. ukai 鵜飼 (うかい) cormorant fishing .
- a Haiku kigo for summer -

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

.................................................................................　Gifu 岐阜県

. Gujo - 妖鬼 Yoki Demon / 鬼人 Kijin Human Demon .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

水の鳴る郡上の宿の走り蕎麦
mizu no naru Gujo no yado no hashirisoba

平松公代 Hiramatsu Kimiyo

郡上のなあふくら雀も春駒を
高澤良一 Takazawa Ryoichi

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2/22/2020

Nakatsu Kaido

- Postal stations along the Nakatsu Kaido
Nakatsu 中津
Hachiya 八屋
Matsue 松江
Karita 雁田　
Ohashi 大橋
Kanda 苅田
Kokura 小倉

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .
From Kitagami in Kumamoto to Kokura in Fukuoka.

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source : amanaimages.com/info...
中津街道石坂

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. Hyuga Kaido 日向街道 .
Yamakunibashi 山国橋（福岡県吉富町－大分県中津市）
from Fukuoka, Yoshitomi town to Oita, Nakatsu city

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- quotes from wikipedia -

Nakatsu (中津市, Nakatsu-shi)
a castle town centered on Nakatsu Castle
1587: Kuroda Yoshitaka (Josui) built Nakatsu Castle as a flatland castle near the Yamaguni River.

Hachiya (八屋町, Hachiya-machi)
10 April 1955 - The town of Hachiya and the surrounding 8 villages merged to form the city of Unoshima. The town of Hachiya dissolves.
14 April 1955 - The city's name was renamed to the city of Buzen.

Kanda (苅田町, Kanda-machi)
The town is located approximately 5 miles (8 kilometers) west of Kitakyūshū
The Kanda Float Festival is held annually in mid-September[6]. The festival is famous for its 14 "fighting floats", and has been categorized as an "Intengible Folk Cultural Asset" by the Fukuoka prefecture.

Kokura Prefecture
was founded separately from Fukuoka Prefecture in 1871 when the clan system was abolished. The old wooden-built Kokura Prefectural Office is still standing and is being restored. It is opposite Riverwalk Kitakyūshū. In 1876, Kokura Prefecture was absorbed by Fukuoka Prefecture. The city of Kokura was founded in 1900.

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source : chikujo-rekishi.jp
中津街道と築上町の近代 Present-day Chikujo town and the Nakatsu Highway
Exhibition

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

.................................................................................　Fukuoka 福岡県
中津郡 Nakatsu district

. shiratori 白鳥 a white bird .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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