Edo - the EDOPEDIA -: - - - Business in Edo

Showing posts with label - - - Business in Edo. Show all posts

9/14/2015

tori-oi chasing away birds ritual

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::　
torioi, tori-oi, tori oi 鳥追 "chasing away the birds" ritual

tori oi uta 鳥追唄（とりおいうた）鳥追歌 song to chase away the birds,
bird dispersing songs, a kind of magic incantation

A ceremony held on the "Small New Year", now January 14 or 15.

A troupe of kado geinin　門芸人 "artists by the entrance" walked from house to house, performed their ritual songs with Shamisen and got some money in return.
They were active from the first day till the 15th day of the lunar New Year.

torioi (bird chasing),
a ceremony to pray for a rich harvest, which takes place on January 14. In the ceremony, children eat rice cakes in special torioi huts made of snow and then parade through the city beating wooden clappers while singing traditional songs in order to chase away birds that might damage crops.
City of Tokamachi, Niigata Prefecture
©　web-japan.org/

..... tori oi (tori-oi) 鳥追 "Chasing away the birds".
..... hut, tori-oi goya 鳥追小屋（とりおいごや）
..... tower, tori-oi yagura 鳥追櫓（とりおいやぐら）
..... song, tori-oi uta 鳥追唄（とりおいうた）

tori-oi asobi 鳥追遊び enjoying the Torioi rituals

tori-oi boo 鳥追棒 stick to drive off birds

. WKD - Songs for all seasons .

..............................................................................................................................................

torioidayuu, tori-oi dayuu 鳥追大夫 (とりおいだゆう)
bird chasing song performer
..... tataki たたき
tataki no Yojiroo 敲の与次郎（たたきのよじろう）

torioi 鳥追い（とりおい） is an observance performed on January 14 or 15 in the villages. To get the birds (and other unwanted animals) out of the fields.

The torioi performers went from village to villate. They wear a straw sack on the back. They get some money for their performance, also some food like mochi. They were not allowed to wear robes of silk, only simple cotton. They had large straw hats to protect them from the rain.

They had special songs, for example
鶴は千年、亀は万年

"The crane lives thousand years,
the tortoise lives ten thousand years,
when they come together,
we all live long prosperous lives."

..............................................................................................................................................

Torioi Kannon 鳥追観音

The Torioi Kannon statue was made by priest Gyoki with the wish to show people an east pass-over to the paradise of Amida.

at the temple
. Myoohooji 妙法寺 Myoho-Ji . Fukushima, Aizu
The temple was founded by priest Tokuitsu in 807.

..............................................................................................................................................

Tori-oi in the Kazusa region 上総地方, Chiba 千葉県

. hoojari ほうじゃり Hojari amulets .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

torioibune, torioi-bune 鳥追舟 the Torioi Bird Chasing Boat
a Noh play from the Muromachi period

Tsukioka Kogyo

- reference - torioibune -

..............................................................................................................................................

CLICK for more photos !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

人絹の鳥追笠の朱ケの紐
jinken no torioigasa no shuke no himo

the vermillion cord
from artificial silk
of the Bird-Chasing straw hat
Tr. Gabi Greve

竹下しづの女 Takeshita Shizunojo (1887 - 1951)
A member of Hototogisu -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. densetsu 伝説　Japanese Legends .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #edotorioi #torioi #chasingbirds - - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

7/26/2015

funeral rituals

- quote
The Material Culture of Death in Medieval Japan
by Karen M. Gerhart

This study is the first in the English language to explore the ways medieval Japanese sought to overcome their sense of powerlessness over death. By attending to both religious practice and ritual objects used in funerals in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, it seeks to provide a new understanding of the relationship between the two. Karen Gerhart looks at how these special objects and rituals functioned by analyzing case studies culled from written records, diaries, and illustrated handscrolls, and by examining surviving funerary structures and painted and sculpted images.
The work
is divided into two parts, beginning with compelling depictions of funerary and memorial rites of several members of the aristocracy and military elite. The second part addresses the material culture of death and analyzes objects meant to sequester the dead from the living: screens, shrouds, coffins, carriages, wooden fences. This is followed by an examination of implements (banners, canopies, censers, musical instruments, offering vessels) used in memorial rituals.
The final chapter discusses the various types of and uses for portraits of the deceased, focusing on the manner of their display, the patrons who commissioned them, and the types of rituals performed in front of them. Gerhart delineates the distinction between objects created for a single funeral—and meant for use in close proximity to the body, such as coffins—and those, such as banners, intended for use in multiple funerals and other Buddhist services.
Richly detailed and generously illustrated,
Gerhart introduces a new perspective on objects typically either overlooked by scholars or valued primarily for their artistic qualities. By placing them in the context of ritual, visual, and material culture, she reveals how rituals and ritual objects together helped to comfort the living and improve the deceased’s situation in the afterlife as well as to guide and cement societal norms of class and gender. Not only does her book make a significant contribution in the impressive amount of new information that it introduces, it also makes an important theoretical contribution as well in its interweaving of the interests and approaches of the art historian and the historian of religion. By directly engaging and challenging methodologies relevant to ritual studies, material culture, and art history, it changes once and for all our way of thinking about the visual and religious culture of premodern Japan.
- source : uhpress.hawaii.edu

..............................................................................................................................................

- quote -
FUNERAL RITES - (FROM THE "SHO-REI HIKKI.")
On the death of a parent, the mourning clothes worn are made of coarse hempen cloth, and during the whole period of mourning these must be worn night and day. As the burial of his parents is the most important ceremony which a man has to go through during his whole life, when the occasion comes, in order that there be no confusion, he must employ some person to teach him the usual and proper rites. Above all things to be reprehended is the burning of the dead: they should be interred without burning. The ceremonies to be observed at a funeral should by rights have been learned before there is occasion to put them in practice. If a man have no father or mother, he is sure to have to bury other relations; and so he should not disregard this study.

There are some authorities who select lucky days and hours and lucky places for burying the dead, but this is wrong; and when they talk about curses being brought upon posterity by not observing these auspicious seasons and places, they make a great mistake.
It is a matter of course that an auspicious day must be chosen so far as avoiding wind and rain is concerned, that men may bury their dead without their minds being distracted; and it is important to choose a fitting cemetery, lest in after days the tomb should be damaged by rain, or by men walking over it, or by the place being turned into a field, or built upon. When invited to a friend's or neighbour's funeral, a man should avoid putting on smart clothes and dresses of ceremony; and when he follows the coffin, he should not speak in a loud voice to the person next him, for that is very rude; and even should he have occasion to do so, he should avoid entering wine-shops or tea-houses on his return from the funeral.

The list of persons present at a funeral should be written on slips of paper, and firmly bound together. It may be written as any other list, only it must not be written beginning at the right hand, as is usually the case, but from the left hand (as is the case in European books).

On the day of burial, during the funeral service, incense is burned in the temple before the tablet on which is inscribed the name under which the dead person enters salvation. The incense-burners, having washed their hands, one by one, enter the room where the tablet is exposed, and advance half-way up to the tablet, facing it; producing incense wrapped in paper from their bosoms, they hold it in their left hands, and, taking a pinch with the right hand, they place the packet in their left sleeve. If the table on which the tablet is placed be high, the person offering incense half raises himself from his crouching position; if the table be low, he remains crouching to burn the incense, after which he takes three steps backwards, with bows and reverences, and retires six feet, when he again crouches down to watch the incense-burning, and bows to the priests who are sitting in a row with their chief at their head, after which he rises and leaves the room. Up to the time of burning the incense no notice is taken of the priest. At the ceremony of burning incense before the grave, the priests are not saluted. The packet of incense is made of fine paper folded in three, both ways.

NOTE.
The reason why the author of the "Sho-rei Hikki" has treated so briefly of the funeral ceremonies is probably that these rites, being invariably entrusted to the Buddhist priesthood, vary according to the sect of the latter; and, as there are no less than fifteen sects of Buddhism in Japan, it would be a long matter to enter into the ceremonies practised by each. Should Buddhism be swept out of Japan, as seems likely to be the case, men will probably return to the old rites which obtained before its introduction in the sixth century of our era.
What those rites were I have been unable to learn.

TALES OF OLD JAPAN
by LORD REDESDALE, G.C.V.O., K.C.B.
- source : www.gutenberg.org -

..............................................................................................................................................

History of funeral practices intertwined with religion
By William Wetherall
- source : yoshabunko.com/anthropology-

A nation's dying industry
Burgeoning mortuary market spurs competition
By William Wetherall
- source : yoshabunko.com/anthropology -

..............................................................................................................................................

- quote -
A Japanese funeral (葬儀 sōgi or 葬式 sōshiki)
includes a wake, the cremation of the deceased, a burial in a family grave, and a periodic memorial service. According to 2007 statistics, 99.81% of deceased Japanese are cremated.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

hayaokeya, hayaoke ya 早桶屋 "fast coffin maker" , undertaker
soogiya　葬儀屋 / saihooya　西方屋 / koshiya 輿屋 = undertaker

- quote -
Changes in Japanese Urban Funeral Customs during the Twentieth Century
Murakami Kokyo
The work of pre-Meiji sogisha was called hayaokeya 早捅屋 (fast coffin maker) or
hayamonoya 早物屋 (fast itemer).
The term hayamono, was used to refer to funeral paraphernalia in general, suggests that the funeral items were not already prepared for rental but rather were made and sold quickly after someone died.
Edo-period funerals were often modest affairs.
People without much social status avoided an afternoon procession and instead close family members silently transported the body at night. This was the case until about 1887，when afternoon processions began to spread among the common people.
As the funerals and processions became more resplendent, so too did the accessories. We can assume that one factor influencing this was the loosening of the status system (mibun seido 身分制度）.
As funerals became more elaborate even among common people, items that had previously been used only once were now rented, conversely, since materials could now be rented，elaborate funerals spread among commoners.
In other words，these trends were mutually complementary. Furthermore, beautification of funeral decoration in the Meiji era was related to the display of public mourning as the funeral came to be seen as a social event.
Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 2000
- source : nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp -

..............................................................................................................................................

kan 棺, kanoke 棺桶 coffin, casket
The dead body was placed seating into the wooden casket.
During epidemics, there were often not enough caskets in town.

source :　supernil

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

江戸広し早桶屋へ嫁が来る
Edo hiroshi hayaokeya e yome ga kuru

Edo is big -
even the undertaker
gets a wife

..............................................................................................................................................

棺桶に合羽掛けたる吹雪かな
kanoke ni kappa kaketaru fubuki kana

during a snowstorm
a raincoat is hung
over the casket . . .

棺桶を雪におろせば雀飛ぶ
kanoke o yuki no oroserba suzume tobu

when the casket
is placed in the snow
a sparrow flies away

Murakami Kijoo 村上鬼城 Murakami Kijo (1865 - 1938)

..............................................................................................................................................

万緑の底に棺桶用の樹よ
櫂未知子

南北の又棺桶や二の替野村喜舟
小石川

棺桶に封ずこの世の菊
辻田克巳

棺桶のどこ叩いても棺桶で
稲葉直

棺桶を舁けば雲ひろき夏野かな
飯田蛇笏

- - - - - MORE funeral haiku
- source : HAIKUreikuDB -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

42 legends about kanoke to explore
- source : yokai database -

. Legends from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. onboo, omboo, ombô 隠坊 (おんぼう) graveyard warden .

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #edohayaoke #edofuneral #funeralinedo #kanoke - - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

6/24/2015

takenoko bamboo shoots

. take no ko, takenoko 筍 bamboo shoots 　 .
笋（たけのこ）, takanna たかんな, たかうな、たけのこ、　竹の子
hachiku no ko 淡竹の子（はちくのこ）bamboo sprouts
madake no ko 苦竹の子（まだけのこ）- 真竹
moosoochiku no ko 孟宗竹の子（もうそうちくのこ）

. takenoko meshi 筍飯（たけのこめし） rice with bamboo sprouts .
..... nokomeshi のこめし, tako una たこうな, takanna たかんな
takenoko gohan sold in Meguro 目黒　 (see below)

The Edoites liked "first things", hatsumono 初物, and one of them were the first bamboo shoots of the season.
haru no takenoko 春の筍 - bamboo shoots in spring
..... haru take no ko 春筍 / ..... shunjun 春筍

There were even some kind of hot houses around Edo where vegetables could be grown earlier than the normal season outside and sold at a good price.

source :　furuhonkirikoya.blog

takenoko uri たけのこ売り vendor of bamboo shoots in Edo

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

takenoko isha 筍医者 a kind of yabuisha 藪医者　quack doctor
or even worse than a yabu-isha.

. isha 医者, ishi 医師 doctors in Edo .
Sugita Genpaku 杉田玄白（1733―1817） was called takenoko isha.

..............................................................................................................................................

. take no ko shinji 筍神事 bamboo shoots ritual .
at Shrine Asusuki Jinja 阿須々伎神社
myooga matsuri 茗荷祭 Japanese ginger festival in February

..............................................................................................................................................

. Bamboo shoots - takenoko bamboo shoot legends - 筍 / 竹の子伝説 .
Taketori Monogatari 竹取物語 The Tale of the Bamboo cutter
also known as
Kaguya Hime かぐや姫 Princess Kaguya, Shining Princess
and more . . .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- quote -
Springtime for bamboo
Few plants are as useful as bamboo. A member of the grass family, it is fast growing and very prolific given the right growing conditions, which makes it eco-friendly too.

The bamboo plant is indispensable in the Japanese kitchen, where every part of it is used. The leaves and bark are employed as wrappers, as well as in cooking. (Those little green leaf-shaped pieces of plastic called baran that are used as a divider in bentō boxes and takeout sushi are designed to emulate the shape of bamboo leaves — better sushi places still use the real thing.) The stalks of the plants are used as food containers, and thin skewers made of bamboo are used for everything from yakitori chicken to testing if your cake is done. So many kitchen implements are made from bamboo that it’s impossible to list them all, but it’s particularly hard to imagine making proper sushi rolls without a makisu, a bamboo sushi roll mat.

Although the tender bark is edible too, the most widely eaten parts of the bamboo plant are the shoots, which grow underground in the spring. Edible bamboo shoots are mentioned in the Kojiki, which was written in the early 8th century, but they weren’t widely eaten until the mid-1600s (early Edo Period), when a tender variety called mōsōchiku was introduced from China.

Fresh bamboo shoots are so strongly identified with springtime that they are accepted as a kigo (seasonal word) in haiku. Nowadays you can have precooked bamboo shoots year round, but in the days before canning, bamboo shoots were an eagerly anticipated sign of the end of winter. The best bamboo shoots are said to be those ones grown around Kyoto, with those grown in northern Kyushu also strong contenders.

Freshly dug bamboo shoots can be simply sliced and eaten raw, and fans of fresh raw bamboo shoots go foraging in the mountains just to enjoy this delicacy. But the longer the shoots are out of the ground the more fibrous they become, and the oxalic and phenolic acids become more pronounced, making them taste bitter unless they are cooked.

In Japan, this is most commonly done by boiling them in a mild alkaline solution — usually the white, cloudy water produced from rinsing rice, or plain water with some rice bran included, plus a sliced red chili pepper. It is believed that the outer skin of the bamboo shoots helps to tenderize them, so the skin is left on when the shoots are simmered.

Another method is to marinate the sliced bamboo shoots in grated daikon radish, which is also mildly alkaline, and preserves a crunchy texture. Still another way to reduce the bitterness is to cook the sliced bamboo shoots in oil, by deep frying them for example — this method is used in Chinese cooking.

Takenoko gohan (rice with bamboo shoots) is a quintessential springtime dish. For the recipe on this page, you could use bamboo shoots that are placed in water from rinsed rice and a sliced red chili pepper, and simmer them until a skewer goes through them easily. You can use ready-cooked bamboo shoots sold in vacuum packs or cans, but do try to make this with fresh bamboo shoots when they are in season. The rice is garnished with another quintessential springtime food — kinome, the tender young shoots of the sanshō pepper tree. Give it a go, and bring spring to your kitchen.
- source : Japan Times 2014 - Makiko Itoh -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

歌川豊国 Utagawa Toyokuni

Children digging for bamboo shoots
子どもたち、おおいに筍掘る図

Meguro no Takenoko 目黒の筍 Bamboo from Meguro

山路治郎兵衛勝孝　Yamaji Jirobei Katsutaka introduced the farming of 孟宗竹 mosochiku bamboo in Meguro. He tried it first in the garden of his own villa in Shinawgawa.
He begun selling it in three venues:
1- He delivered it to the local markets in babmoo baskets high on the back of horses.
2- He sold them at the regular market of the Meguro Fudo temple, a popular spot in the Edo period.
3- He asked the tea stalls along the path to Meguro Fudo to sell 筍飯 "Babmoo Shoots with Rice" as a local speciality.

A school in Meguro has the bamboo shoots in their crest to our day.
目黒区立中目黒小学校

source :　edoyasai.sblo.jp/article

目黒の筍縁起 / 浅黄斑 The story of the bamboo shoots from Meguro

. Meguro Fudo Temple 目黒不動 - 瀧泉寺.

reference :　edococo.exblog.jp - 目黒の筍林

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Kabuki : Honchô Nijûshikô 本朝二十不孝　Honcho Niju Shiko
Twenty-Four Examples of Filial Piety

- quote -
From ancient time, the Twenty-Four Examples of Filial Piety, one of the Confucian classics, has taught respect for one's parents with stories that seem rather strange and even grotesque today.
For example, there is the story of the man whose sick mother wanted fresh fish in the dead of winter and so the man lay naked on the ice until he melted a hole through and the gods, taking pity on his plight saw that fish jumped out through this hole.
Another story has a mother who wants to eat fresh bamboo shoots in the dead of winter. A dutiful son digs through the snow and finds that, miraculously, there are bamboo shoots growing underneath the snow.
- source : www.kabuki21.com TAKENOKO HORI 筍堀」 -

. Legend about a son of great filial piety 親孝行息子 . .
Filial piety is a virtue highly praised in the teachings of Confucius.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

雪中筍掘り Digging for bamboo shoots in the snow
a sobachoko そば猪口 pot for dipping soba buckwheat noodles

source :　越前屋平太

..............................................................................................................................................

netsuke with bamboo shoot and snail 筍根付

CLICK for more photos !

..............................................................................................................................................

tea cup with bamboo design
名乾山写飴釉七夕文茶碗作　者寺尾陶象

source :　www.gmo-toku.jp

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

たけのこまつり Takenoko Bamboo shoots festival
in Uchikawa 内川, Ishikawa prefecture

A samurai from the Kaga han domaine called 岡本右太夫 Okamoto Migidayu (? - 1817) had first eaten bamboo shoot dishes in Edo and liked it very much. When he came back to Kanazawa he brought some bamboo plants of mosochiku 孟宗竹 with him. He re-planted them many times to find a type that suited the soil of Kanazawa and now they are a speciality of our town, Uchikawa.

別所町在住の向田吉右衛門がこの地に栽培した . . .
- source : uchikawa-k1.bz-office.net -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. 河鍋暁斎 Kawanabe Kyosai .

..............................................................................................................................................

竹林での筍（たけのこ）掘り digging for bamboo shoots in a bamboo grove

歌川豊国 Utagawa Toyokuni

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - Edo specialities with bamboo shoots

junkan, shunkan 筍羹 / 笋羹 / 筍干 boiled bamboo shoots and
assorted simmered dishes, including vegetables rolled in a sheet of deep-fried tofu.
A favorite since the Muromachi period.
In Kagoshima bamboo shoots are boiled with salted meat of pigs (or wild boars) and other vegetables.

junkan / shunkan was first introduced as par of the
. fucha ryori　普茶料理 Chinese-style Buddhist vegetarian cuisine .

takenokawa makisushi 竹の皮巻すし Sushi rolled in bamboo leaves
- - - - - take no kawa 竹の皮　dried bamboo leaves were often used as wrappers.

takenoko aemono 竹の子和え物 bamboo shoots with special dressing

takenoko dengaku　竹の子田楽 Dengaku with bamboo shoots

takenoko meshi 筍めし bamboo shoots boiled with rice

takenoko nikomi tamago 笋煎入卵 bamboo shoots boiled with eggs

takenoko sashimi　竹の子刺身 Sashimi with bamboo

takenoko shirumono　竹の子汁物 bamboo shoots in soup

takenoko sushi 筍すし Sushi made with bamboo pieces
- - - - - made from hachiku 淡竹 Hachiku bamboo.

takenoko teriyaki 照焼き broiled after being soaked in sweetened soy sauce

. 100 Favorite Dishes of Edo 江戸料理百選 .
Bamboo is not mentioned among them.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

竹の子の千世もぽっきり折にけり
takenoko no chiyo mo pokkiri ore ni keri

the thousand year
bamboo shoot...
snap! broken

Kobayashi Issa

Robin D. Gill points out that pokkiri in the Edo era connoted "the sound made when a hard thing breaks." Shinji Ogawa explains:
"If there were no people, the bamboo shoot would grow to adulthood and enjoy the thousand years of its life. But someone has snapped the bamboo shoot for dinner."
Tr. David Lanoue

. WKD : take no ko, takenoko <> bamboo shoots 筍 .
- - kigo for summer - -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

by Ueda Mucho 上田無腸 (1734 - 1809)

無腸上田秋成 Mucho Ueda Akinari、筍圖併俳句讃 -
- source : oukodou/gallery -

. Ueda Akinari 上田秋成 (1734 - 1809) .
He is famous for his eerie ghost stories and strange fiction in Japan.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Edo yasai 江戸伝統野菜 Vegetables of Edo .

. 100 Favorite Dishes of Edo 江戸料理百選 .

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #edofood #edotakenoko #takenoko #bambooshoots - - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

6/21/2015

niuriya food

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Food vendors in Edo .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::　
niuriya, niuri-ya 煮売屋 / 煮売り屋 / にうりや selling simmered, boiled food
saiya 菜屋
niurizakaya 煮売り酒屋 selling simmered food and sake
ichizen meshiya 一膳飯屋 quick lunch vendor
ochazuke ya お茶漬け屋 selling o-chazuke

source :　cleanup.jp
niuri zakaya 煮売り酒屋 selling simmered food and sake
A kind of famires, fami res 　ファミレス "family restaurant" .

They sold all kinds of simmered food, like fish, beans and boxes with a variety simmered food (nishime 煮しめ). This is the forerunner of "fast food" in Edo. Most walked around in Edo to sell their food, others had a fixed stall (yatai 屋台). Specialised shops were called
niuri chaya 煮売茶屋 tea stalls selling simmered food.
They also sold soups, sashimi raw fish, nigiri sushi, nabemono hodge-podge and other kinds of "family food".
They sold their food in the stalls on small tablets, which were placed on the tatami beside the customer.
The true 居酒屋 izakaya for drinking only did not even have a place to sit.

source :　shokubun/izakaya

Most of them made their business in the evening, but theirs was also a source of fire, so they had to be very careful with open fires to heat the food.
The niuriya business was strictly forbidden in Edo to work at night from 1661 to 1799.

Others sold their food from a boat, floating along the canals of Edo.
niuribune　煮売船 / 煮売り船
They sold to customers on ferries or pleasure boats.

source :　suganet_2005/sasie

. chaya, -jaya 茶屋 tea shop, tea stall in Edo .

. Edo Yatai 江戸屋台 Food stalls in Edo .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Niuriya - 落語 a Rakugo story - told in English !
- source : kamigatarakugo.wordpress.com/ -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

煮売屋の入り婿 The son-in-law of the Niuriya shop
山中公男

..............................................................................................................................................

source :　江波文學塾

niurizakaya 煮売り酒屋 selling simmered food and sake

..............................................................................................................................................

江戸生まれの握りずし ... Nigiri Sushi born in Edo

When did nigirizushi appear in the Edo period?
It was about 200+ years ago assuming it appeared around 1810, or Bunka • Bunsei eras (1804 to 1830).
「握りずし」が世の中に広まったのはいつ頃なのかを調べて見ると、江戸時代後期の「化政期」と呼ばれる年代の、文化・文政年間（1804年〜1830年）頃ではないかということが浮かんできます。
　これを、1810年と仮定したとすると、今から205年前ということになります。
- source : benricho.org/kazu... -

. nigirizushi にぎり鮨 / 握りずし hand-kneaded sushi .

- quote -
Hanaya Yohei and the beginning of nigiri-zushi

- source : thesushigeek.com/the-sushi-geek ... -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

我が庵や元日も来る雑煮売
我庵や元日も来る雑煮売
waga io ya ganjitsu mo kuru zooni uri

my humble hut -
but on the New Year's Day
the soup vendor comes
Tr. Gabi Greve

Kobayashi Issa

Since people were not supposed to cook on the New Year day, the vendors were very busy.
Issa lived in Edo, Hatchobori, when he wrote this haiku.

. WKD : Zoni... 雑煮　(ぞうに) New Year Soup.
- kigo for the New Year -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

富士仰ぐ一膳飯屋のさくらえび
Fuji aogu ichizenmeshiya no sakura-ebi

looking up to Mount Fuji
the cherryblossom shrimp
of the quick lunch shop

平林孝子　Hirabayashi Takako

CLICK for more photos !

. sakuraebi, sakura ebi, sakura-ebi 桜蝦 "cherryblossom shrimp.
- - kigo for late spring -

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Izakaya in Edo 江戸の居酒屋 .

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #edoniuriya #niuriya #nigirizushi - - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

6/14/2015

kashihonya lending books

貸本屋も盛んで、文化五年（1808年）の記録によると、貸本屋は地域ごとに組をつくっており、江戸では日本橋南組、本町組、神田組その他あわせて12組、合計人数約650人、大坂でも約300人という人数が貸本屋を営んでいました。また、天保年間（1830年代）の「江戸繁昌記」という文献では、江戸の貸本屋は八百軒とあり、その盛んな様子が伺えます。普通の貸本屋では、170－180軒ほどのお得意先があり、江戸だけで10万軒に及ぶ貸本読者がいたと考えられます。
- source : ameblo.jp/yonezu011 -

. shuppansha 出版社 publishing company, book publisher .
ABC - Introduction

..............................................................................................................................................

- quote
Kashihon'ya, or booklenders, played a prominent role in the publishing and distribution industry of Edo period Japan. While many consumers purchased books outright from publishers/bookshops or from traveling salesmen, borrowing of books from booklenders, and from one another, was extremely popular.

They are believed to have emerged around the late 17th century, if not earlier, with one source indicating the emergence of the term in 1713. By 1808, booklenders in Edo numbered at least 656, outnumbering public bathhouses in the city; this number jumped to at least 800 by the 1840s. Similar numbers were seen in Osaka. Most booklenders/booksellers maintained storefronts, but conducted much of their business through visits directly to the homes of regular customers, or by peddling books on the street. One scholar has estimated the customer base of each kashihon'ya at, on average, 150-200 households.

The book peddler, with a rectangular pile of books on his back, is actually a very common sight in ukiyo-e genre paintings. Traveling booklenders - or perhaps staff in the employ of a booklender from one of the major urban centers - are also known to have made visits to more rural communities and individuals.

The seal of the kashihon'ya would often be placed in the front of the book - either on the inside cover, or on the first page. Along with the seals of later owners of the books (e.g. 20th century Western collectors), these booklenders' seals provide interesting and useful information about the provenance or history of a particular copy of a book.

Prices varied dramatically from city to city and from one booklender to another, but are cited by historian Eiko Ikegami as being roughly 1/6th the cost of buying the book outright. She estimates the cost of purchasing a thin kibyôshi volume at less than 16 mon, the cost of a bowl of soba, but more than the cost of a visit to the public bathhouse.
- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com

. ezooshi 絵草子 illustrated book or magazine .
「絵草子屋」 ezooshiya store
Ezoushi - Also written 絵双紙.
otogizooshi 御伽草子 popular tales
ukiyo zooshi 浮世草子 Ukiyo-zoshi - books about the floating world

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- reference in Japanese - 貸本屋江戸時代 -

- reference in English -

source :　runomi.at.webry.info

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

暦売る門前町の古本屋
koyomi uru monzenmachi no furuhonya

the used bookstore
of the temple town
sells calendars

Tsuchiya Kyooko 土屋孝子 Tsuchiya Kyoko

. kigo for the End of the Year .

..............................................................................................................................................

Edo no honyasan 江戸の本屋さん Book stores in Edo
今田洋三

Edo no kinsho 江戸の禁書 Prohibited books in Edo
今田洋三

..............................................................................................................................................

hatsuharu ni maneki neko itte furuhonya

The first day of spring
there is a welcoming cat
at the old bookshop.

. by Mr. Oyadomari

. manekineko 招き猫 beckoning cat .

..............................................................................................................................................

貸本屋唐と日本を背負ってくる
kashihonya sho too to nihon o seotte kuru

the booklender
carries China and Japan
on his back

..............................................................................................................................................

source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/aboo-kai

貸本の底に春画や夏の午後
kashihon no soko ni shunga ya natsu no gogo

below the rental books
there are the Shunga -
afternoon in summer

Many peddlers had two kinds of clients . . . the dilligent housewifes and then . . . their husbands, with erotic booklets hidden at the bottom of their bags.

. shunga 春画 "spring paintings" erotic pictures .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #edokashihonya #furuhonya #kashihonya - - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

5/31/2015

sonryoya rental agent

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]

. Recycling and Reuse in Edo - リサイクルと　再生　/ 再使用 .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::　

sonryooya, sonryoo-ya 損料屋 Sonryo-Ya, rental agent
kashimonoya 　貸物屋

The Sonryoya would lend anything people in the big towns needed.
The rental business of our modern times starts here.

From robes or futon bedding to furniture, pots and pans . . . anything.

rentaru shoppu レンタルショップ rental shop

Sonryoya Kihachiro shimatsu hikae 　損料屋喜八郎始末控え
山本一力　Yamamoto Ichiriki

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

..............................................................................................................................................

In the towns of Kyoto and Osaka were also specialized shops for funeral robes.
But in Edo there were none.

iroya いろや　/ 素ろ屋 /　（色屋）

..............................................................................................................................................

貸し物屋お庸江戸娘、店主となる / 平谷美樹 Hiraya Yoshiki
O-Yo from the Rental Shop becomes a Shop Owner

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

損料屋涙がしみて五百とり
sonryooya namida ga shimite gohyaku tori

the rental shop owner
for tear spoils in the robes
asks 500 extra

When lending robes for a funeral, the rental shop owner would charge extra money when the robed were brought back, because they usually were spoiled by tears.
This was called
yogoshi dai　汚し代 extra money for spoiling something

下げ髪で御座りますかと損料屋
sagegami de gozaimasu ka to sonryooya

"Does the hair
hang down?" asks
the rental shop owner

If the hair or a person hangs down, a kimono collar would get dirty much easier, and thus the prize when lending would go up.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #edosonryo #edorental - - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::