ame-uri vendor of candy

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ame-uri, ameuri, ame uri 飴売り vendor of candy, candy seller

There was a proverb in Edo,
naki ko ni ame 泣く子に飴 a child that cries gets sweets

so vendors of candy were quite popular.


source :　www.kabuki-za.com/syoku

The dress of candy vendors in Edo, Kyoto and Osaka was very distinct. In Edo, a spirale shape (uzumaki 渦巻) was popular.
Some would sit by the roadside, play the shamisen, hit the drum and try to attract customers.




飴と飴売りの文化史 Cultural history of candy and candy vendors
牛嶋英俊 （著）- Ushijima Eishun


Candy was made of mizuame 水飴, with various flavors, see below.


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- - - - - The most popular types of candy vendors

amaida ameuri あまいだ飴売り vendors of "Amida candy"




a pun on Amida, nenbutsu ame 念仏飴
and
amai da 甘いだ "this is sweet"

It was sold by vendors looking like monks.


uta nebutsu ame 唄ねぶつ飴 singing the nenbutsu candy vendor


source :　nora-pp.at.webry.info



. Namu Amida Butsu 南無阿弥陀仏 the Amida Prayer .


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amekokai na ame あめこかひな飴 "come by some candy"

He called:
ame chan kai na yo , ame kaina 飴ちゃん買いなよ、飴買いな


source :　nora-pp.at.webry.info


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dohei ame uri 土平飴売り candy vendor Dohei



source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/yousan02


The Song of Dohei

土平が頭に蠅が三疋とまった。只も止まれかし、
雪踏はいて止まったどへどへ（＝土平々々）、
土平といふたらなぜ腹たちやる。
土平も若いとき色男どへどへ（＝土平々々）



Ameuri Dohei Den (1769) 飴売り土平伝 Legend of Candy Seller Dohei and O-Sen
Kasamori Osen tsuketari 売飴土平伝 笠森阿仙附
by Ota Nanpo and Suzuki Harunobu

The comic love story of Dohei the candy vendor and the waitress O-Sen of a local tea house.

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koshitsuke uma 腰付馬 vendor with a horse around his hips
He tried to look like the shogun riding his horse in Edo.


source :　matome.naver.jp/odai


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ojii ame おぢい飴 "Granpa selling candy"

He used to call
おぢいが来たぞ来たぞ、さんげんばりいっぽん四もん、すてきにながいおぢいが来たぞ
ojii ga kita zo, kita zo. sangenbari ippon 4mon. suteki na hagai ojii ga kita zo.

sangenbari 三間張 a long and thin stick of candy



source :　nora-pp.at.webry.info

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o-koma ameuri お駒飴売り O-Koma candy vendor

He used to dress up and call out like the heroine O-Koma in the popular puppet theater
koi musume kashi hachijoo 恋娘昔八丈.



source :　nora-pp.at.webry.info


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oman ga ame uri　お満が飴売り / お万が飴
fat man/woman selling sweets
If you buy more than 100 mon, he/she dances.





source :　matome.naver.jp/odai


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toojin ame uri 唐人飴売り Chinese-style candy vendor





CLICK for more images !



source :　edococo.exblog.jp


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- - - - - The most popular candy in the Edo period



- quote
Mizuame (水飴) is a sweetener from Japan
which is translated literally to "water candy". A clear, thick, sticky liquid, it is made by converting starch to sugars. Mizuame is added to wagashi to give them a sheen, eaten in ways similar to honey, and can be a main ingredient in sweets. Mizuame is produced in a very similar fashion to corn syrup and is very similar in taste.

Two methods are used to convert the starches to sugars.
The traditional method is to take glutinous rice mixed with malt and let the natural enzymatic process take place, converting the starch to syrup.
The second and more common method uses potatoes or sweet potatoes as the starch source, and added acid, such as hydrochloric, sulfuric or nitric acids. If done by the first method, the final product, known as mugi mizuame (麦水飴), is considered more flavorful than the potato version.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !




. darumatoo だるま糖　Daruma candy .

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keshitoo 芥子糖（けしとう）candy with poppy seeds

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kinkatoo 金花糖 forms of fish like tai and koi made of sugar
. Sweets from Ishikawa 　石川 .



芥子坊の頭の子が手にしているのが、江戸時代の金花糖。
- source : edococo.exblog.jp

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nikkeitoo 肉桂糖（にっけいとう）/ nikkitoo 肉桂糖 (にっきとう)
candy with cinnamon flavor


ookorobashi 大ころばし "huge stick candy"
korobashi was a stick used to transport heavy loads or stones.

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sakura ame 桜飴 "cherry blossom candy"
round sweets in the colors pink and white

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sangan ame 三官飴（さんがんあめ）Sankan ame, starch syrup candy

It is a kind of mizuame 水飴　 starch syrup and was first produced by 室町一丁日の三宮屋宇兵衛店 as a present to important daimyo and government officials. The production process is said to be from Korea.
White sugar was heated up to melt, then mochi-rice was rubbed into the pot and starch syrup and a bit of vinegar added for extra taste.


source : www.kmnh.jp/meishyo/top
三舘（官）飴の壷

There were a few shops who sold this sweet.
目黒三官飴の桐屋、長崎三貫（＝官）屋、雷門外に川口屋三官飴, 芝三官飴、陳三官飴


- source : ja.wikipedia.org

- source : kazumoto-sure.cocolog-nifty.com


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Special sweets of the Edo period, not only candy

江戸時代の復元菓子の数々

・落　雁(らくがん) rakugan
米など穀物の粉と砂糖を混ぜて木型などで押し固めた菓子の総称
・白雪こう(はくせっこう) hakusekkoo
生米の粉を使用し、後から蒸した菓子
・花ぼうろ hanabooro
小麦粉に卵や砂糖を混ぜてのし、大冠を形どって作って焼いた南蛮菓子
・かせいた kaseita
マルメロを砂糖煮にして固めた羊羹のような菓子
※マルメロ(かりんの別称とされているが、本来は別物。果実は黄色で球形)
・有平糖(あるへいとう)
砂糖を煮詰め冷やした後、引き延ばして細工したものが主だったが、現在では水飴を使っている
・掛け物(かけもの) kakemono
砂糖などの衣をかけて作るこりん、みどり等の菓子
※こりん(小さな金平糖のような菓子で、中空になっている。)
※みどり(小麦粉と砂糖を合わせた生地に砂糖の衣をかけた菓子)
・金平糖(こんぺいとう) konpeitoo
核となるグラニュー糖などを大鍋の中で転がしながら砂糖蜜を振りかけ、少しずつ角を作って大きくする。
・福輪糖(ふくりんとう) fukurintoo
胡麻あるいは芥子(けし)などを入れた煎餅
・軽　焼(かるやき) karuyaki
軽焼煎餅の略で、餅に砂糖を加えてつき、平らにのして上下から焼いたもの
・煎　餅(せんべい) senbei
小麦粉と卵を使った今の瓦煎餅のようなもの
・金花糖(きんかとう) kinkatoo
砂糖で鯛や人間などをかたどった中空の菓子
・は　ぜ(爆米と書く) haze
玄米を火にかけて、はじけさせたもの
・求　肥(ぎゅうひ) gyuuhi
小麦粉や餅米を砂糖と混ぜ、火にかけながら練り詰めた菓子
・羊　羹(ようかん) yookan
小豆に小麦粉や葛粉を蒸し固めた蒸羊羹
- source : sugar.alic.go.jp/japan


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hahako ame 母子飴 candy for mother and child

泣きの信吉かわら版 - 井上登貴


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. yuurei kosodate ame 幽霊子育飴 "candy for a ghost bringing up a baby" .

Minatoya, Kyoto みなとや,　京都


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tokkaebee とっかえべえ / tokkaebei とっかえべい
collector of old metal, gives a sweet (amedama) in return

This is the Edo version of torikaeyo 取り替えよう - I am exchanging things!



- - - - - Legend knows this:
About the year 1715 a citizen from Asakusa Tahara 浅草田原町 called Kinokuniya Zen-emon 紀伊国屋善右衛門 tried to get money for a new bronze bell of the temple 紀州道成寺 Dojo-Ji in Kishu (now Wakayama). So he began to collect old bronze pieces and awarded the donor with a small gift of a sweet.



This was different from the dealers in old metal, 古鉄商, who collected most metal tools.
Things of no worth, like old nails or the metal ends of a long pipe would go to the "Tokkaebee".

. Recycling and Reuse in Edo - リサイクル と　再生　/ 再使用 .

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- - - - - Reference
- source : yfm24651.iza.ne.jp



. . 100 Favorite Dishes of Edo - 江戸料理百選 . .

under construction
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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -


source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/minyo414
Akita Ame-uri 秋田飴売り Candy seller from Akita - and a song


飴売りの飴立てて売る蓮は実に
ame-uri no ame tatete uru hasu wa mi ni

the candy vendor
stands up his candy to sell -
lotus has seeds
Tr. Gabi Greve

Saitoo Kafuu 斉藤夏風 Saito Kafu




. WKD : hasu no mi 蓮の実 lotus seeds .
kigo for autumn


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. . 100 Favorite Dishes of Edo - 江戸料理百選 . .

. wasanbon 和三盆 Wasambon, Sugar from Japan .


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Ryogoku Bridge

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. Edo no hashi 江戸の橋　the bridges of Edo .
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Ryoogoku, Ryōgoku　両国 Ryogoku district and bridge 両国橋　


Hokusai 葛飾北斎 Mount Fuji and the Ryogoku Bridge
「冨嶽三十六景色 御厩川岸 両國橋夕陽見」


Ryoogoku kawabiraki 両国川開き
opening the river season at the bridge Ryogoku

Ryoogoku no hanabi 両国の花火 - fireworkd at Ryogoku, Edo

two kigo for late summer
. WKD : Rivers and Kigo .




両国川開きの大花火 Great Firework at Ryogoku Bridge
Utagawa Hiroshige


Ryoogoku no hanabi 両国の花火 firework display at the Ryogoku Bridge
. WKD : hanabi 花火 fireworks .


. WKD : Sumidagawa 角田川 　/ 隅田川　river Sumidagawa .


The bridge Ryogokubashi was constructed after the Great Fire of Meireki 明暦の大火 in 1657, where many people died because they could not cross the river to safety.

. 江戸の大火 Edo no Taika "Great Fires of Edo" .

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- quote
Ryōgoku (両国) is a neighborhood in Sumida, Tokyo. It is surrounded by various neighborhoods in Sumida, Chūō, and Taitō wards: Yokoami, Midori, Chitose, Higashi Nihonbashi, and Yanagibashi.

In 1659, the Ryōgoku Bridge was built, spanning the Sumida River just upstream of its confluence with the Kanda River. Its name, meaning "two provinces," came from its joining Edo (the forerunner of Tokyo in Musashi Province) and Shimōsa Province. The neighborhood derived its name from that of the bridge.

The Forty-seven Ronin avenged the death of their lord, Asano Naganori, by breaking into the mansion of his enemy, Kira Yoshinaka, in 1703. Part of the mansion has been preserved in a public park in Ryōgoku.

It is regarded as the heartland of professional sumo. Most training stables or heya are based there. The first Ryōgoku Kokugikan 両国国技館 stadium for sumo was completed in 1909. The present one was built in 1985 in the Yokoami neighborhood north of Ryōgoku. Three of professional sumo's six annual official tournaments take place there.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !



Ryōgoku Kokugikan 両国国技館

. Ekō-in 回向院 Eko-In and Sumo .



A restaurant for "Yukidaruma Oyakata" in Ryogoku 両国 ゆきだるま中野部屋

. WKD : Sumoo　相撲 　Sumo wrestling .


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source :　www.kabuki-za.com/syoku
両国涼船の図 Boats for enjoying the evening cool at Ryogoku

A trip on a boat for the fireworks cost about 23000 Yen.
The food served was dengaku tofu on skewers with miso paste, sushi, tenpura, mochi rice cakes, and of course sake and cold water.






2 samples from Utagawa 歌川豊国 - 江戸両国すずみの図 - Taking the evening cool at Ryogoku

During the evening of the great firework display, all the tea stalls and eateries along the river were full of people.

- Edo no shoku bunka -

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

kaen 火焔 flames
On the 13th day of the 7th lunar month in 1816, around midnight, a man was crossing the Ryogoku bridge when he saw a row of flames on the river. In its front and back were people on horses, clad in traditional court robes, brotecting the flames. Two months later there was a great storm and flooding, so this might have a warning of bad things coming.


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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -


Hiroshige 広重

- - - - - Issa on Ryougoku Bridge - - - - -

としの暮亀はいつ迄釣さるる
toshi no kure kame wa itsu made tsurusaruru

year's end --
how long must the turtles
hang in the air?
Tr. Chris Drake

This hokku was written on 12/27 (Jan. 24) in 1808, when Issa was in Edo and is about turtles being sold on Ryogoku Bridge, a large, busy bridge going over the Sumida River. Ceremonies for the release of living beings (Houjou-e) were held by both Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines, at some on a monthly basis and at some mainly in the first and eighth lunar months. One temple in Edo, Houshouji, was build mainly to carry out such ceremonies, in which turtles, eels, fish, birds, fireflies, and other animals living in captivity were released into their natural element. In addition individuals carried out personal acts of release accompanied by prayers throughout the year whenever they felt an impulse to do so. The turtles in this hokku are being sold by one or more turtle dealers to individuals who cross the large, crowded bridge in downtown Edo.

After buying a turtle (for about US $1), the customer will take the turtle to the banks of the Sumida River or to a pond in a temple or shrine and release it while saying a prayer for it. Most of the turtles are in a wooden tub, but the dealer hangs two or three turtles from strings tied to the railing to attract customers. There are probably fewer customers at the end of the year, although some people are no doubt planning to buy a turtle for their children to play with at New Year's, when it will be an auspicious symbol of a very long life, after which they plan to release the turtle at one of the big ceremonies in the first month. Issa lived near the bridge and no doubt has seen the hanging turtles before, but since there are fewer customers at the end of the year he wonders if it isn't cruel to keep hanging the turtles up even now. Of course it is cruel at any time of the year, but Issa's understatement makes the hokku more powerful. And the fact that it's the end of the year makes it very clear that turtles will hang in the air on the bridge year after year without end.

Issa is no doubt indignant about the hypocritical custom of catching turtles and other beings just so they can be sold and later released, and he himself surely sympathizes with the hanging turtles and feels he can understand to a certain extent how they must feel. During the lunar year that is now ending, Issa has been back to his hometown twice to negotiate with his half-brother about their inheritance. During the second visit he signed an agreement to share the house and fields, but his brother has remained cold to him and has kept asking for more time before they implement the agreement. Issa must feel as if he is suspended indefinitely between his hometown and Edo, and he no doubt wonders whether his brother will ever implement the agreement. Issa returned to Edo from his second visit to his hometown only ten days before he wrote this hokku, so his feeling of homelessness must be very strong. Using irony, Issa may be asking, Must we turtles hang in their air our whole lives, that is, as tradition has it, for ten thousand years?

The woodblock print by the print artist Hiroshige of a turtle for sale hanging in the air above a wooden tub on Mannen-bashi, or Ten Thousand Year Bridge, another large Edo bridge. Mt. Fuji can be seen far away in the west below the suspended turtle, which seems to soar above it. This may well be an ironic comment by Hiroshige.

Chris Drake

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- Issa about Ryogoku -

両国や舟も一組とし忘
ryôgoku ya fune mo hito-gumi toshiwasure

Ryogoku Bridge--
even on a boat, people
drinking away the year

Ryôgoku Bridge is the oldest of the major bridges crossing the Sumida River in Edo (today's Tokyo). It links the provinces of Shimosa and Musashi, hence its name, which means, "Both Provinces."
According to Maruyama Kazuhiko, Ryôgoku was a famous east-west bridge where people would gather to enjoy the cool of evening. In this case, instead of pleasant cool air, the bitter cold of night stretches to the east and west.

両国の両方ともに夜寒哉
ryôgoku no ryoohoo to mo ni yozamu kana

on Ryogoku Bridge
in both directions...
the cold night
Tr. and Comment - David Lanoue


両国やちと涼むにも迷子札
ryôgoku ya chito suzumu ni mo maigo fuda

Ryogoku Bridge--
even in this moment of cool air
a lost child sign
Tr. David Lanoue



かはほりやさらば汝と両国へ
kawahori ya saraba nanji to ryôgoku e

bats are flying--
let's go, then
to Ryogoku Bridge!
Tr. David Lanoue



人声や夜も両国の土用照り
hito-goe ya yo mo ryôgoku no doyoo teri

people's voices
on Ryogoku Bridge even at night...
midsummer drought
Tr. David Lanoue



ひとり身や両国へ出て薬喰
hitori mi ya ryôgoku e dete kusuri kuu

my life alone--
all the way to Ryogoku Bridge
for medicine
Tr. David Lanoue


. kusuri gui 薬喰 "eating medicine" . - - - kigo for all winter

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Ryogoku Bridge and the Great River
The Ryogokubashi Bridge and Okawabata Bank
広重「両国橋大川ばた」

- Woodblock prints about Ryogoku Bridge
- source : hix05.com/rivers/ukiyoe


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Fireworks at Ryōgoku 両こく大花火

Both "Tamaya" and "Kagiya," 　「玉屋」「鍵屋」 which are called out when viewing fireworks, are the names of fireworks shops.
Kagiya became famous when its sixth proprietor Yahei took charge of the fireworks to mark the river festival at Ryōgoku.
Tamaya was a spin-off of Kagiya. During the prosperity of these two families, Tamaya took charge of the area upstream from Ryōgoku-bashi bridge,
while Kagiya handled the area downstream for the river festival fireworks at Ryōgoku.
- source : Tokyo Metropolitan Library

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両国に古りし下駄屋や冬の雨 ... furushi getaya
Katsumata Itto 勝又一透 (1907 - 1999)

. getaya 下駄屋 craftsman making Geta in Edo .


身にしむや宵暁の舟じめり
Kikaku 其角 (両国橋の舟に遊びて)

両国の初買やこれ福寿草
文車

芹焼や両国駅の古時計
Minagawa Bansui 皆川盤水

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. Japanese Architecture - cultural keywords used in haiku .

. Edo no hashi 江戸の橋　the bridges of Edo .

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- #Ryogoku #ryoogoku #ryogokubridge -
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ISSA - dog koan

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. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .



source :　whimsyload.com - Rodney Alan Greenblat

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- - - - - ISSA'S EIGHT HOKKU ON JOSHU'S DOG KOAN - - - - -

A monk asked Joshu,
"Do dogs have a Buddha-nature?"
Joshu answered, "Not."

[Mu -- Wu in Japanese （無）: no, not, non-, nothing, emptiness, without]


- - - ISSA'S HOKKU SERIES:
(tr. Chris Drake)

Joshu's koan on the Buddha-nature of dogs, winter --

dogs
avoid it --
the snowy path

犬どもがよけて居る也雪の道
1 - inu-domo ga yokete iru nari yuki no michi

A later variant:

dogs kindly
avoid it --
the snowy path

1a - inu-domo ga yokete kurekeri yuki no michi



snowy field --
the path curves
by itself

2 yuki no hara michi wa shizen to magarikeri


the junk dealer
also asks people
for icicles

3 katakata wa tsurara o tanomu kuzuya kana


the sumo wrestler
kindly stays away
from the snowy field

4 sumou-tori ga yokete kurekeri yuki no hara


a difficult journey
also grows older
under the foot warmer

5 uki-tabi mo kotatsu de toshi o torinikeri


the path
to paradise approaches --
this coldness

6 gokuraku no michi ga chikayoru samusa kana


you go out to have fun,
meet someone, end up
pounding rice cake dough

7 yo-asobi ni dekkuwasete ya mochi o tsuku


the temple watchman's
pole hits a stone wall --
coldest night of the winter

8 bou-tsuki ya ishigaki tataku kan no iri


These eight hokku, in this order, appear as a series in Issa's diary for the intercalary or extra lunar 1st month in 1822, two months before Issa's third son Konzaburo was born in his hometown. The word "winter" in the headnote indicates that the eight hokku are about winter, not spring, the current season. The sequence is framed by two humorous hokku about a bush warbler nearby singing pompous and overly serious things.
The warbler, of course, suggests Issa himself.

Issa writes the hokku series on one of the most famous Zen koans, or difficult, suggestive questions given to students by Zen masters. Supported mainly by warriors in the medieval period, Zen became popular among commoners in the Edo period, and many books were published about it. Issa was not a Zen monk, but he could easily have read Zen koans in various printed editions. The koan about Joshu and dogs is the first koan in the popular Chinese koan anthology with commentary entitled The Gateless Barrier (in Japanese Mumonkan 無門関), compiled by the Chinese Chan monk Wumen Huikai (1183-1260). Since Issa may be using this collection, an English translation of its comments on Joshu's dog koan is given below. It is one of many translations that can be found online.


COMMENTS ON THE MUMONKAN
All 48 Koans With Commentaries by the Wanderling

CASE 1. JOSHU'S DOG

A monk asked Joshu,
"Has the dog the Buddha nature?"
Joshu replied, "Mu"

- Mumon's Comment:
For the pursuit of Zen, you must pass through the barriers (gates) set up by the Zen masters. To attain his mysterious awareness one must completely uproot all the normal workings of one's mind. If you do not pass through the barriers, nor uproot the normal workings of your mind, whatever you do and whatever you think is a tangle of ghost. Now what are the barriers? This one word "Mu" is the sole barrier. This is why it is called the Gateless Gate of Zen. The one who passes through this barrier shall meet with Joshu face to face and also see with the same eyes, hear with the same ears and walk together in the long train of the patriarchs. Wouldn't that be pleasant?

Would you like to pass through this barrier? Then concentrate your whole body, with its 360 bones and joints, and 84,000 hair follicles, into this question of what "Mu" is; day and night, without ceasing, hold it before you. It is neither nothingness, nor its relative "not" of "is" and "is not." It must be like gulping a hot iron ball that you can neither swallow nor spit out.

Then, all the useless knowledge you have diligently learned till now is thrown away. As a fruit ripening in season, your internality and externality spontaneously become one. As with a mute man who had had a dream, you know it for sure and yet cannot say it. Indeed your ego-shell suddenly is crushed, you can shake heaven and earth. Just as with getting ahold of a great sword of a general, when you meet Buddha you will kill Buddha. A master of Zen? You will kill him, too. As you stand on the brink of life and death, you are absolutely free. You can enter any world as if it were your own playground. How do you concentrate on this Mu? Pour every ounce of your entire energy into it and do not give up, then a torch of truth will illuminate the entire universe.

Has a dog the Buddha nature?
This is a matter of life and death.
If you wonder whether a dog has it or not,
You certainly lose your body and life!


Issa's eight hokku are his responses.
The sixth hokku suggests Issa maybe wondering if satori leads to enlightenment in the Pure Land, but Amida doesn't directly appear in any of the hokku, unless snow is taken to be an image of Amida's compassion. Many different interpretations are possible for each verse, and it seems worth mentioning that the standard Mahayana teaching is that all animals and even bushes and trees have sentience and Buddha-nature, that is, have the ability to become a buddha, so if Joshu's mu 無 answer is taken simply as "No!" or "Not!" this is rather shocking to the first-time reader, since it is an apparent denial of a central Buddhist doctrine. The eight hokku are not a formal renku sequence, but the subtle links between the various hokku in the series are also worth savoring.

Chris Drake

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. Koan and Haiku 公案と俳句 .

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kesa aki to shiranu enoko ga hotoke kana

puppy unaware
it's autumn this morning --
blissful Buddha!

This hokku is from the 7th month (August) of 1820, when Issa was living in his hometown. The 7th month is the beginning of lunar autumn, and the year begins its gradual end. Issa is fifty-seven and has had a hard life, so his body is beginning to show signs of age, and he views the coming of autumn a bit wistfully. In contrast, the puppy knows nothing of the change of seasons yet and won't until large changes begin to occur outside. Issa draws on a proverb, shiranu ga hotoke, "unknowing, a Buddha," that is fairly similar to "Ignorance is bliss" to praise the puppy as a peaceful, happy Buddha for not being aware of time passing and its own mortality and to humorously criticize himself for worrying too much about time passing. There is another level, however.

Most schools of Buddhism in Japan, including the True Pure Land school to which Issa belonged, taught that all plants and animals had sentience and the ability to become a Buddha, and it was commonly believed that dogs, cats, and other animals had purer minds than humans and were not subject to the 108 bonnou or kleshas -- the negative mental states that cause so much human suffering. So Issa probably takes the peaceful breathing of the puppy to indicate a level of spiritual knowledge-within-ignorance deeper than what he is aware of in himself, even though he has more specialized knowledge about the passing of calendar time.

Chris Drake


. hotoke 　仏　and haiku .


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. MORE - DOG haiku by Issa .


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. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 - Introduction .


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twelfth lunar month EDO

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The Twelfth Lunar Month　十二月 juunigatsu - 師走 shiwasu -

In the old lunar calendar of the Edo period,

spring lasted from the first month to the third,
summer from the fourth month through the sixth,
autumn from the seventh month through the ninth,
winter from the tenth month through the twelfth.

. WKD : The Asian Lunar Calendar and the Saijiki .


. Edo Saijiki　江戸歳時記 .



source :　art.jcc-okinawa.net/okinawa/edonosiki


Why is the bamboo (take) of the kadomatsu (matsu) cut slant?
The story of Tokugawa Ieyasu and his enemy, Takeda Shingen.
. kadomatsu 門松 pines decorations at the gate .


. toshi no ichi 年の市 year's end fair .
Where people could by all kinds of decorations for the New Year.


. hikizuri mochi 引き摺り餅 pounding mochi ricecakes .


. toshikoshi soba 年越し蕎麦　/ 年越しそば　buckwheat noodles .
eaten on the last day of the last lunar month, to pass into the new year with this auspicious food.


. mamemaki 豆まき、豆撒き throwing beans .
to drive out the demons and bad luck of the old year, now done on February 3 (setsubun 節分) .


under construction
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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

On the 13th day of the last lunar month, everybody had to clean their homes, samurai and townspeople and all. This was done not only at home but in temples and shrines too. With long bamboo poles and sakaki sacred branches the bad influences of the passing year, the vicious demons hiding somewhere in the corners and the roof beams, were cleared away, together with the real soot.
Thus the town was ritually cleaned and ready to welcome the new year.


source :　mookie/ohishi-nyohuuten.

susudake uri 煤竹売 seller of cleaning bamboo
- - - - -take uri　竹売り babmoo vendors

After the daily cleaning the leaders were usually lifted up high by all (dooage　胴上げ).


source :　avis.ne.jp/~wakaomi/douage

On the left is the cleaning, on the right top the high lifting of a person. You can see his legs in the air.


. susu harai susuharai 煤払 cleaning off soot .

By the way, on the next day in 1702, the 47 samurai attacked the home of Kira Kozukenosuke and killed him.
Two of the spies to check on his whereabouts on this day was clad as a bamboo vendors.

煤竹を売りに来たのはたけ林
susutake o uri ni kita no wa takebayashi

to sell bamboo for cleaning
the vendors came
(in great numbers like) a bamboo grove

. Chushingura 忠臣蔵 and the 47 ronin　.


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. Edo Saijiki　江戸歳時記 .


. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .


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Business in Edo

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Doing Business in Edo - - - 　江戸の商売
akinai　商い / shoobai 商売　Shobai 　



Morisada Mankoo 守貞謾稿 Morisada Manko
published about 1837 in 35 volumes
Describing customs of Edo not to be found in Kyoto or Osaka.

The author, Kitagawa Morisada 喜田川守貞, had come to Edo from Osaka and got quite a "culture shock", resulting in this book about local customs, including food.
- reference source : blog.q-q.jp/201309

- reference - Morisada Manko -

under construction -
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geishoonin, gei-shoonin　芸商人 artists as street vendors
- They would perform some tricks to entertain the onlookers and then sell their stuff, mostly food.

gyooshoonin 行商人 Gyoshonin - street vendors
- Many walked around the town to sell their merchandise.
It times with no refrigerators, getting the daily food to town was most important.

. furiuri, furi-uri 振売 peddlers, street vendors .
bootefuri 棒手振り peddlers carrying merchandise with a pole on the shoulders
tenbinboo 天秤棒 shoulder carrying pole

. Kanda renjaku machi 神田連雀町 Renjaku-Cho district .
The name refers to the renjaku 連尺 / 連索 backpacks of the merchants who lived there, carrying their ware around Edo.


- quote
Ishikawa Eisuke 石川英輔
- Chapter 11 - The Value of Time-consuming Efforts
In a city like Edo, street peddlers made an enormous sales in fish and vegetables. Peddlers or small-scale vendors sang their seller's cry and covered every corner of the alleys, wearing down their straw sandals. A close look into the lives of people in Edo reveals that there was an unbelievable variety of vendors. It was those peddlers and vendors who supported a large part of the commercial circulation of other products in addition to fish and vegetables.
A record of Edo vendors shows that almost all everyday goods were available and delivered from vendors in those days.
Oil vendors sold lantern oil mainly, but cooking oil as well. As liquor store sent errands to clients' homes several times everyday, there was no need for customers to go out to make a purchase. There were also many food vendors who served ready-to-eat items. They were, so to speak, portable restaurants. They sold endless lists of food, such as udon (rice noodles), soba (buckwheat noodles), nabeyaki udon (potboiled rice noodles), inari-zushi (vinegared sushi rice in pouches of fried bean-curd), amazake (brewed sweet sake). There were also many who peddled toys and luxury goods.
- source : www.japanfs.org/en/edo

. Ishikawa Eisuke Ishikawa 石川英輔 .
He wrote many books about Edo and the Edo period and often appears on TV.

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- - - - - Since this entry is getting very long, I added some extra entries with ABC lists :

. chin shoobai 珍商売 strange business - typical for Edo .

. daidoogei 大道芸 Daidogei street performance .

. Food vendors in Edo .

. fuuzoku　風俗 Fuzoku, entertainment and sex business .
- - - and
- - - . chaya, -jaya 茶屋 tea shop, tea stall .
- selling more than just tea as part of the fuuzoku business

. naishoku 内職　home worker, side business .
mostly done by poor samurai

. Recycling and Reuse in Edo - リサイクル と　再生　/ 再使用 .

. shuuriya　修理屋 repairmen in Edo .
xxx naoshi 直し, shuuriya　修理屋, shuuri shokunin　修理職人

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- - - - - ABC-List of business in Edo - - - - - to be updated - - - - -

. abura uri　油売り　selling oil - and talking too much .

. Aizuya　会津屋 selling 会津漆 lacquer ware from Aizu, Fukushima.

. akagaeru uri　赤蛙売り selling red frogs (medicine for children) .
- akahikigan 赤蛙丸 "red frog medicine"

. asaodana asao-dana　麻苧店 store selling asao hemp thread
asatonya, asadonya 麻問屋 hemp dealer .

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. bafunkaki 馬糞掻き, bafun tori 馬糞とり horse-shit collectors .

. biwa yootoo uri　枇杷葉湯売り　selling biwa leaves as medicine .

. ema-uri, emauri　絵馬売り　selling ema votive tablets .

. fudasashi 札差 "note/bill money exchange" .

. gamaabura uri, gama abura がま油売り selling toad grease medicine .

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. hanashigame uri 放し亀売り　selling turtles to be set free .
and - hanashi tori uri 放し鳥売り　vendors of birds (sparrows) to be set free at rituals at Hachimangu Shrines in Edo
- - - - - for the annual hoojoo rituals 放生会

. hana-uri, hana uri 花うり / 花売り flower vendor .

. hari-ita uri 張り板売り vendors of wooden plates to dry a kimono after washing .

. hayaokeya, hayaoke ya 早桶屋 "fast coffin maker", undertaker .
- - - - - soogiya　葬儀屋 / saihooya　西方 / koshiya 輿屋 = undertaker

. hikyaku 飛脚 courier, messenger "flying legs" .

. hitsuboku 筆墨売り selling brushes and ink .

. hiuchigama uri　火打ち鎌売り selling tools to strike a fire .
"fire beating sickle" - store Masuya 升屋 near Shiba Shinmei 芝神明 shrine

. hikizuri mochi 引き摺り餅 pounding mochi ricecakes .

. hooki uri ほうき売り / hooki kai ほうき買い .
vendor and buyer of hooki 箒 Hoki brooms

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. jigami uri　地紙売り　kagema boys selling paper for fans .
and talking about kabuki
- - - and
kagemajaya, kagema chaya 陰間茶屋 "tea house with boys in waiting"

. joozai uri 定斎売り selling Josai medicine .

. juukumonya 十九文店 shops selling everything for 19 mon
juukumon ya, juukumon no mise .
(Now we have the hyakuen shoppu 　百円ショップ Shops selling for 100 Yen.)

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. kagami 鏡 mirror maker, mirror polisher .

. kamiyuidoko　髪結床 hairstylist shop .
kamiyui　髪結い　hairdo master, hair dresser

. kanbanya　看板屋 Kamban, vendor of shop signs .

. kanzashi uri かんざし売り / 簪 selling hair pins and decorations .

. kaya uri, kayauri 蚊帳売り selling mosquito nets .

. kashihonya, kashihon'ya 貸本屋 booklender, booklender
- furuhonya, furu-honya 古本屋 selling old books in Edo .

. kawaraban uri かわら版売り vendor of a kawaraban newspapers .
yomiuri 読売、lit. "to read and sell"

. kiriezu, kirie-zu 切絵図 selling detailed maps of Edo .

. koi no maneki uri　鯉のまねき売り vendor of small flags "to invite carps" .

. komedonya, kome no tonya 米問屋 rice brokers .
- fudasashi 札差 "bill ex change", forerunners of Japan's banking system.

. koyomi uri, koyomi-uri　暦売り selling new calendars .

. kusuri-uri, kusuri uri　薬売り　selling all kinds of medicine .
Toyama no kusuri-uri 富山の薬売り medicine vendors from Toyama

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. megane uri, meganeuri　眼鏡売り　selling glasses,spectacles .

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mimi no aka tori 耳の垢取り ear-cleaner



One famous dealer wore a Chinese robe to make believe he was fluent in Chinese medicine.
Since many men lived alone, they were greatful to get this service.

. mimikaki 耳掻き　ear cleaner, ear pick .

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. mitaoshiya　見倒し屋 / 見倒屋 second-hand dealer .
. . . . . furumono kai　古物買い　to buy old things
. . . . . risaikuru shoppu リサイクルショップ　recycle shop

. mizumaki otoko　水撒き男 water-sprinkling man in summer .

. mizuya 水屋 water salesmen .

. nori 糊 starch, glue / himenori 姫糊 "princess nori glue". .
. . . . . nori uri, nori-uri 　糊売り　selling natural glue, starch

. noogyoo 農業 farming business / 農民 farmers .

. oogi uri, oogi-uri 扇売り vendor of fans .
o-harai oogibako お払い扇箱 "Buying back fan boxes" / oharaibako

. otchanai ochanai おちゃない.おちゃない collecting hair fallen to the ground .
and sell it to wig makers

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. ryoogaeya　両替屋 Ryogaeya - money changer .
. . . . . bronze weight 分銅　bundoo

. senjimono uri 煎物売 medicine seller, The Tea Seller (Kyogen) .

. setomono uri 瀬戸物売り vendor of pottery . - senryu

. shimonya 四文屋 "Four Mon Shop" .

. shichiya 質屋 pawn shop .

. shuppansha 出版社 publishing company, book publisher .
ABC - Introduction

. sonryooya, sonryoo-ya 損料屋 Sonryo-Ya, rental agent .
kashimonoya 　貸物屋

. soroban naoshi 算盤直し / そろばん直し repairing the abacus .

. sudare uri 簾売（すだれうり）vendor of bamboo blinds .

. sumi uri, sumi-uri, sumiuri 炭売（すみうり） charcoal vendor .

. suzumushi uri 鈴虫売り　bell cricket vendor .

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. tabako uri, tabako-uri　煙草売り　selling tobacco .


. tagaya 箍屋 hoop repairman, clamp repairman .

. taiko uri 太鼓売り vendor of drums .

. takani momen uri 高荷木綿売り street vendor selling cotton .

. takarabune no e uri 宝船の絵売り selling images of the Treasure Ship .
for the first dream on January 2, the New Year

. takeuma furugi uri 竹馬古着売り / 竹馬古着屋 .
selling old cloths hanging on a "bamboo horse" (takeuma) carried over the shoulder

. take uri, take-uri　竹売り bamboo vendor - susudake uri 煤竹売 seller of cleaning bamboo .

. taru kai 樽買い / taruya 樽屋 buying barrels .

. tokkaebee とっかえべえ / tokkaebei とっかえべい
collector of old metal, gives a sweet (amedama) in return .

. tsukegi uri　付木売り　selling wood scraps to light a fire .

. uchiwa uri, uchiwa-uri 団扇売り vendor of round fans .

. uekiya　植木屋, niwashi　庭師　gardener .

. waribashi uri 割り箸 売り　selling disposable chopsticks .

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. yoojiten, yooji ten 楊枝店 Yoji, toothpick shop . - Asakusa

. Yotsumeya　四つ目屋 a sex shop .
hiyakuseiguya, hiyaku seigu ya 　秘薬性具屋　selling medicine and sex tools
otona no omocha-ya 大人の玩具屋 toy store for grown-ups

. yubune 湯船 "bath boat" .
small boats with a bath for rent in Edo
and - - - - - yuya 湯屋 public bath house

. zenigoza uri 銭蓙売り vendor of paper mats to place coins .
and
. zenisashi uri 銭緡売り / sashi-uri 繦売り vendor of money strings .
- - - - - - zenisashi, zeni-sashi 銭さし / 銭差／銭緡 string to keep the small coins

. zeniya　銭屋 ryoogaeya　両替屋 Ryogaeya - money changer .

. zooriya　草履屋 vendors of straw sandals .

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Fujiokaya Yoshizoo 藤岡屋由蔵 Fujiokaya Yoshizo (1739 - ?)
Sudoo Yoshizoo 須藤由蔵 - Honyoshi　本由
- reference wikipedia -
The bookseller Yoshizo, writing about peasant uprisings. 「藤岡屋日記」Fujioka-ya nikki

本由は人の噂で飯を食い
honyoshi wa hito no uwasa de meshi o kui
Honyoshi eats his bread
by (selling) the rumours
of other people

Honyoshi 本由（ほんよし）＝本屋の由蔵 the book seller Yoshizo
- reference -


CLICK for more photos !

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図説 大江戸おもしろ商売　－ Edo Omoshiro Shoobai
http://homepage2.nifty.com/kenkakusyoubai/zidai/syobai.htm

Shunsetsu 春雪　He solved all kinds of riddles　　/ ねずち　 ?　ねずっち

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江戸商売図絵 Illustrated Business of Edo
- source : hurec.bz/mt/archives

- source : 1000ya.isis.ne.jp TBA

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江戸行商百姿 - 花咲 一男 Hanasaki Kazuo (1916 - 2010)

江戸行商百姿 - 20 illustration of street vendors
source :　mookie/ohishi-nyohuuten



source :　blogs.yahoo.co.jp/enoborishinsho

street vendors of Edo - tenugui hand towel 「江戸の物売り」の手ぬぐい


- Motives of craftsmen of Edo - 江戸職人
. mamezara 豆皿 small plates "beans size" .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

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There were many local stores with specialities from the provinces, most ending in xxxYA　屋, like Echigoya　越後屋.
They are introduced in this ABC index.

- special introductions -

. The rich merchants of Edo -　Goshi 豪商　gooshoo .

. kabunakama, kabu nakama 株仲間 merchant guild, merchant coalition
za 座 trade guilds, industrial guilds, artisan guilds .

. shinise　老舗　a long-established store .

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- - - - - Reference

http://blog.q-q.jp/201308/article_6.html
http://homepage2.nifty.com/kenkakusyoubai/zidai/syobai.htm - TBA
http://shigoto-creator.com/396/ - TBA

biwa ha yu 枇杷葉湯 biwa leaf tea
chawan gashi 茶碗菓子
choochoo omocha 蝶々（のおもちゃ） toys
choosen no kookeishi 朝鮮の弘慶子（こうけいし） merchants from Korea
kameyama 亀山のお化け
kuma no kusuri 熊の伝三膏薬
kuri no iwa 栗の岩おこし sweet
nana iro toogarashi 七色とうがらし
noborizaru のぼりざる climbing monkey
sanbasoo 三番叟 dance dolls
tokuhei 徳平膏薬 cream from Tokuhei
tsuji uranai 辻占い
Yokanbei 与勘平（よかんべい、よかんぺい）膏薬 cream
http://nora-pp.at.webry.info/201212/article_1.html - TBA

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Edo shobai orai by Kaname Okitsu 江戸商売往来　Merchants' manual



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- source : matome.naver.jp/odai
江戸東京職業図典 - 槌田満文
- - - - - 江戸市中世渡り種
benikan 紅勘 べにかん
choochoo uri 蝶々売 ちょうちょううり
hamigaki uri - hyaku manako 歯磨売・百まなこ - はみがきうり・ひゃくまなこ
handa inari 半田稲荷 はんだいなり
hitoruzumoo ひとり角力 ひとりずもう
miyoshi odori 住吉踊 すみよしおどり
ningyoo tsukai 人形つかひ . にんぎょうつかい

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渡辺 信一郎

Edo nariwai jiten 　江戸なりわい事典　/ 江戸の生業事典　
Dicitionary of occupations in Edo
Introducing about 500 different ones. Most are the subject of humorous senryu.

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- source : www.akamana.com/akame/kiki.html

江戸売り声百景 The voices of street vendors in Edo
(with a CD sample) including 納豆売り、飴売り、薬売り、朝顔売り、金魚売り、梯売り、屑屋、羅宇屋、定斎屋、鋳掛屋、十八文屋。
Some walked around in the morning, selling fresh food, others came in the evening. At their special time and with their special calling, they were some kind of "clock" for the time in Edo.


Edo no urikoe, uri-koe いいねぇ～ 江戸売り声
宮田章司


Ishikawa Eisuke Ishikawa 石川英輔
大江戸えころじー事情 and his series about life in O-Edo

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昔の職業の読み方
- source : hiramatu-hifuka.com/onyak

早業七人前　(at the National Bibliothek)
- source : http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info

創作紙人形で描く江戸の物売り - paper dolls about vendors in Edo
- source : kagi.blog14.fc2.com/blog-entry-109

お江戸のあきんど - Edo no Akindo - doll collection (TBA)
- source : page.freett.com/honeythehaniwa

- source : haiku about shops and stores

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source :　History In Pictures - twitter

Japanese peddler selling his wares. 1901

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. Hatsuakinai Shusse Sugoroku 初商出世双六 .
Sugoroku for Success in the First Sale of the New Year / 式亭三馬 Shikitei Sanba and 小三馬 Kosanba.

. Japanese Architecture - cultural keywords used in haiku .


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