Edo - the EDOPEDIA -

12/27/2013

chaya tea stall

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chaya, -jaya 茶屋 tea shop, tea stall
saten, chaten, chamise 茶店
sabo 茶房 modern tea houses also serve coffee (kissaten 喫茶店)

This is part of the main entry about
. Doing Business in Edo　- 江戸の商売 .

Many tea stalls had a little side business :
. fuuzoku, fûzoku　風俗 Fuzoku, entertainment and sex business .
fuuzoku　風俗 refers to the manners and customs, and in a wider sense in Edo to the flourishing sex business.

Under the unauspicious name of "tea stall", a lot of extra entertaiment was available in Edo.
Along the public roads to the countryside, there were many chaya for travellers to rest.

along the 木曾街道上尾宿 Kiso Kaido road, Angeo-Juku

『東海道五拾三次之内袋井』- Tokaido, Fukuroi
『東海道五拾三次之内大津宿』- Tokaido, Otsu
『木曾街道板橋之驛』 - Kiso Kaido, Itabashi
『木曽海道六拾九次之内高﨑』- Kiso Kaido, Takasaki

LOOK at these prints:
- source : ja.wikipedia.org

. The 53 stations of the Tokaido Road 東海道五十三次 .

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. Chayamachi, Chayachoo 茶屋町 district in Asakusa　浅草 in Edo .
Residence of
Chaya Shirōjirō 茶屋四郎次郎 Chaya Shirojiro

. Chayazaka, Chaya-zaka 茶屋坂 Chayazaka "Tea Stall Slope" .
Meguro 目黒区三田二丁目 Mita second district, 中目黒二丁目 Naka-Meguro second district
- Jiji ga Chaya 爺々が茶屋 Grandfather's Tea House

. Ohanajaya お花茶屋 Ohanajaya district . - Katsushika
- "Tea stall of the girl O-Hana"

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. aimai 曖昧女(おんな) onna, woman, prostitute
in a shop called Aimaiya 曖昧屋, providing front and back service, so to speak . . .

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amigasa chaya 編笠茶屋 renting a large braided straw hat
to hide the face for a Yoshiwara pleasure quarter visit.

source :　ukiyo-e.org/image
Mizuno Toshikata, 1891

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dango chaya だんご茶屋 Tea stall selling dumplings Mt. Utsu and Poetry

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deaijaya, deai chaya 出会茶屋. 出会い茶屋"tea stall to meet someone"

source :　chuukyuu.info/who/edo
Ikenohata no deaijaya 池ノ端の出会茶屋

CLICK for further reference !

男木女水で来る出会茶屋
otoko ki onna mizu de kuru deai-jaya

the men as trees
the woman as water come
to this tea-shop

the tea-for-two
where men come as trees,
women as water

- source : Robin D. Gill -
The Woman Without a Hole - ; Other Risky Themes from Old Japanese Poems
with more poems and info to explore on this link!

- quote -
Eight Fashionable Views of Edo:
Vespers Bedmate at Ueno / Ueno no Bansho
Suzuki Harunobu
a couple entwined while enjoying the view of water lilies on Shinobazu pond from the second story window of a teahouse at Ueno

The poem is a parody associated with Mii no bansho (Vespers [or Evening] Bell at Mii), which is one of the Omi Hakkei (Eight Views of Omi), a popular visual parody based on the classic Chinese theme Eight Views of the Xiao and the Xiang.
A poem found on a Harunobu chuban from circa 1768 (Waterhouse, no. 316) shifts the 'Evening Bell' from Miidera to Ueno:

kono yama no koro machietaru hana sakari yoso ni wa tsuke yo

On this holy hill
we waited for the season
of the flower blossom:
sound your doleful note elsewhere
vespers bell of Ueno!

The poem on this shunga print also places the bell in Ueno but in a further erotic parody of the theme. The phrase 'iriai no kana' is replaced with 'ireai no ane'; and 'sho' for concubine replaces 'sho' for bell. The poem explains the young man is on his yadosagari, the annual break given to the samurai for home leave which was granted for a few days in the 3rd month and was typically either spent at home or at an inn. The Shinobazu Pond at Ueno was well-known for its lotus and for the deai-chaya (meeting tea-houses) which had rooms overlooking the pond.

kono hodo mo sazo tsutaetaru yadosagari yoban tsuzukete ireai no ane

This is the extent
to which he as passed it on
during his home leave:
four times in succession he
joined with the elder sister!

- source : scholten-japanese-art.com -

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hikite chaya, hikitejaya, hikidejaya 引手茶屋

- quote -
Nihon Embankment, Yoshiwara - Yoshiwara Nihonzutsumi
The mile-long Nihon Embankment, constructed in 1620, was the final stage in the journey of visitors to the Yoshiwara licensed pleasure quarter (yûkaku), which was situated among rice paddies to the north of the city. The Yoshiwara was moved here after a fire in 1657 at its original location near the centre of Edo. The roofs of the Yoshiwara can be seen at the end of the embankment beyond the 'Looking-back Willow' (Mikaeri Yanagi) which was situated at the top of the slope leading to the main gate; here parting guests would pause to take a lingering 'look back' at dawn, before making the trip back along the embankment.

Utagawa Hiroshige

Arriving by boat, or by foot through the theatre district, the visitor would hire a palanquin carried by bearers for the journey along the embankment, or would go on foot, concealing his identity beneath a dark hood, with cheek cover (hôkammuri-zukin).
The route was lined with over 100 teahouses (hikite-chaya) where clients could make advance arrangements with the particular brothel advertised on the red lantern hanging outside.
- source : fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk -

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irojaya 色茶屋 "tea shop to meet colors" (prostitutes)
iro is an euphemism for erotic entertainment.

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. kagemajaya, kagema chaya 陰間茶屋 "tea house with boys in waiting" .
the young boys also had a side business:
jigami uri　地紙売り　kagema boys selling paper for fans - and talking about kabuki

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kakejaya, kake chaya 掛け茶屋 / 掛茶屋 refreshment shops
simple roadside stalls with small seats or benches. They had simple yoshizu 葦簾 reed screens to provide some shade.

source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/tetthan
A modern replica near Fukagawa

掛茶屋のほこりに座るあつさ哉
kakejaya no hokori ni suwaru atsusa kana

it is so hot
I sit down in the dust
of a wayside tea stall . . .

掛茶屋に風追分のすゝみ哉

掛茶屋の灰はつめたしきりきりす

掛茶屋は芦生に似たる昼寝哉

掛茶屋や頭にさはる藤の花藤

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .

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machiaijaya, machiai chaya 待合茶屋 " tea shop for waiting and meeting"
with rooms where visitors and geisha could amuse themselves for a while, before going on to the theater or some other entertainment.

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mizujaya, mizu chaya 水茶屋 "public tea house" for refreshments and meeting ladies

江戸水茶屋風俗考 - 佐藤要人

source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/aboo-kai

mizuchaya no kanban musume 水茶屋の看板娘 Kamban "advertising servant girl"
signboard girl, they worked outside the shop, trying to attract customers.

水茶屋ぬりいの渋茶や赤だすき
mizu chaya nurui no shibucha ya akadasuki

lukewarm bitter tea
at the wayside tea shop -
red sash to hold the sleeves

Kanban musume 看板娘 Kambanmusume O-Sen
. Kasamori O-Sen (1751 - 1827) 笠森お仙 .
at the Kasamori Shrine in Edo

kanban musume at the Meguro Fudo Temple

from a series of 100 beauties of Edo by
江戸名所百人美女 (国芳) Utagawa Kuniyoshi.

. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

. Edo no bijin 江戸の美人 the beauties of Edo .

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- quote -
Mizu-shōbai (水商売), or the water trade,
is the traditional euphemism for the night-time entertainment business in Japan, provided by hostess or snack bars, bars, and cabarets. Kabuki-chō in Shinjuku, Tokyo is Japan's most famous area where one can patronize the water trade, as well as its more carnal counterpart fūzoku (風俗)—the sex industry composed of soaplands, pink salons, health, and image clubs.

While the actual origin of the term mizu-shōbai is debatable, it is likely the term came into use during the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–1868). The Tokugawa period saw the development of large bathhouses and an expansive network of roadside inns offering hot baths and sexual release, as well as the expansion of geisha districts and courtesan quarters in cities and towns throughout the country. Bearing relation to ukiyo (浮世 and 憂世), or "the floating world", mizu-shōbai is a metaphor for floating, drinking and impermanence..

According to one theory proposed by the Nihon Gogen Daijiten, the term comes from the Japanese expression
"Gain or loss is a matter of chance" (勝負は水物だ shōbu wa mizumono da), where literal meaning of the phrase "matter of chance", mizumono (水物), is "matter of water".
In the entertainment business, income depends on a large number of fickle factors like popularity among customers, the weather, the state of the economy, and success and failure change as rapidly as a flow of water.
The Nihon Zokugo Daijiten, on the other hand, notes that the term may derive from the expression doromizu-kagyō (泥水稼業), lit. "muddy water earning business", for earning a living in the red-light districts, or from the Edo-era expression mizuchaya (水茶屋) for a public teahouse.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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ryoorijaya, ryoori chaya 料理茶屋 tea stalls serving food
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Tôto ryûkô san-jû-rokkaiseki 東都流行三十六会席 Toto Ryuko Sanjurokkaiseki
Thirty-six Fashionable Restaurants of the Eastern Capital .
Aoyanagi 青柳 Restaurant in Ryogoku

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. Sangenjaya 三軒茶屋 Sangen-jaya, "three tea stalls" .
District in 世田谷区　Setagaya ward

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shibaijaya, shibai chaya 芝居茶屋 tea shop near a theater

©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

at Saruwaka choo 猿若町の芝居茶屋

the three famous Kabuki theaters of Edo
. Edo Sanza 江戸三座 .

堺町・葺屋町 Sakai Machi
木挽町 Kobiki choo
猿若町 Saruwaka choo. later renamed Nakamura-za

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sumoojaya, sumoo chaya 相撲茶屋 tea shop near a Sumo arena

煮凝の鍋かくしあり角力茶屋
長谷川かな女

. sumoo　相撲　Sumo wrestling .

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tatebajaya, tateba chaya 立場茶屋 serving food by the roadside, eating whilst standing

. Takanawa district 高輪, Takanawadai 高輪台 .
famous for its tea stalls

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source :　fxst2003.exblog.jp/

tooge no chaya　峠の茶屋, toogejaya 峠茶屋 tea house at a pass
At the bottom of the pass for travellers to rest before the ascent.
Or at the top of a smaller pass to enjoy the view.

夏山や水に乏しき峠茶屋
natsu yama ya mizu ni toboshiki toogejaya

summer mountain -
at the tea stall near the pass
water is in shortage

. WKD - Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .

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一本のラムネの甘露峠茶屋
ippon no ramune no kanro toogejaya

the sweet taste
of one bottle of lemonade -
this tea stall at the pass

Nakayama Junko 中山純子

. WKD : ramune ラムネ lemonade .

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tsukimijaya, tsukimi chaya 月見茶屋 tea house for moon viewing

. yaozen 八百善 Yaozen restaurant .
a ryoori chaya 料理茶屋 "tea stall serving food" in Asakusa

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Some chaya are even KIGO for haiku :

shimizujaya, shimizu chaya 清水茶屋 stall selling tea made with fresh water

takimijaya, takimi chaya 滝見茶屋 teahouse near a waterfall

source :　kanko.city.izu.shizuoka.jp

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. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

しら梅や北野の茶店にすまひ取
shiraume ya kitano no chaya ni sumai tori

white plum blossoms -
at the tea-house in Kitano
there is a Sumo wrestler

. Shrine Kitano Tenmangu 北野天満宮 - Kyoto . .

藤の茶屋あやしき夫婦休けり
fuji　no chaya ayashiki meoto yasumikeri

tea house under wisterias -
a suspicious couple
stopped to rest

名月や夜は人住まぬ峰の茶屋
meigetsu ya yo wa hito sumanu mine no chaya

full autumn moon -
nobody stays at night
at the tea stall of the peak

花火せよ淀の御茶屋の夕月夜
hanabi seyo yodono o-chaya no yuuzuki yo

"Start the fireworks"
A moonlit evening
At a tea house in Yodo.
Tr. Nelson/Saito

かしこくも茶店出しけり夏木立

峯の茶屋に壯士餉す若葉哉

汗入れて妻わすれめや藤の茶屋

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. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

茶屋村の一夜に出来しさくらかな
chaya mura no hito yo ni dekishi sakura kana

a tea stall village
built over night
for cherry blossom viewing . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

The cut marker KANA is at the end of line 3.

source :　www.qkamura.or.jp/chausu

芋茶屋もうれしいものよ閑古鳥
imo chaya mo ureshii mono yo kankodori

even a cheap tea stall
can make me so happy -
mountain cuckoo
Tr. Gabi Greve

imo 芋 Japanese taro potato

- - - - - MORE haiku by Issa

あっさりと朝夕立のお茶屋哉
assari to asa yuudachi no ochaya kana

春風や八文芝居だんご茶や
harukaze ya hachi mon shibai dango chaya

一本の梅でもちたる出茶屋哉
ippon no ume de mochitaru de-chaya kana

爺茶屋や右に左に閑古鳥
jiji chaya ya migi ni hidari ni kankodori

陽炎やきのふは見へぬだんご茶屋
kagerô ya kinou wa mienu dango chaya

貝殻で家根ふく茶屋や梅の花
kaigara de yane fuku chaya ya ume no hana

都ぢや梅干茶屋の梅の花
miyakoji ya umeboshi chaya no ume no hana

芝でした腰掛茶屋や夏木立
shiba de shita koshikake chaya ya natsukodachi

浮草の花よ来い来い爺が茶屋
ukikusa no hana yo kii kii jiji ga chaya

山陰や涼みがてらのわらぢ茶屋
yama kage ya suzumi-gatera no waraji chaya

夕立のとんだ所の野茶屋哉
yuudachi no tonda tokoro no no chaya kana

存の外俗な茶屋有萩の花
zon no hoka zoku na chaya ari hagi no hana

- source and translations by David Lanoue -

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. WKD - Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .

秋風の上野の出茶屋人もなし
紅葉あり夕日の酒屋月の茶屋

茶屋あらはに灯火立つや霧の中
茶屋ありや山辺の水の心太
茶屋を見て走りついたる心太
茶屋に到り瓜喰はんと思ひつゝ
茶屋に菊あり遠足會の人休む
茶屋の茶に清水の味はなかりけり
茶屋もなく酒屋も見えず花一木
茶屋を出る箱提灯や朧人
茶屋アリテ夫婦餅売ル春の山
茶屋女芦生の昼寝起しけり
茶屋敷の五尺の庭の落葉哉
茶屋淋し絲瓜の蔓の這ひかゝる
茶屋静かに鹿徘徊す若楓

野の茶屋に懐爐の灰をかへにけり
野の茶屋に柿買ふて遠く歩きけり
野の茶屋に蜜柑竝べし小春哉

松風に甘酒さます出茶屋かな
松風に甘酒わかす出茶屋かな
松風の甘酒を吹く出茶屋哉
松風を得意で売るや納涼茶屋

陽炎の次第にふとる野茶屋哉

落葉はく上野の茶屋の女哉
落葉掃く腰掛茶屋の女哉
葉桜に夜は茶屋無し向島
葉桜に夜は茶屋無し隅田川

蛾の飛んで陰気な茶屋や木下闇
鹿にやる菓子の殘りや紅葉茶屋
鷹据て人憩ひ居る野茶屋哉
追分や鷄飼ふ茶屋の柿石榴
蝶々や人なき茶屋の十団子
萱草や茶屋のつき山苔もなし
遠クカラ見エシ此松氷茶屋
酒を賣る紅葉の茶屋に妖女あり
くたびれや心太くふて茶屋に寝る
ちりかゝる桜の茶屋のともし哉
つゝじ折るつゝじが茶屋の女哉
どぶ六に野茶屋は暮て朧月
のどかさや出茶屋の煙土手の人
ほそほそと烟立つ茶屋の落葉かな
一銭の氷少き野茶屋かな氷売る
三味線を掛けたる春の野茶屋哉
何見るそ桜の茶屋の遠見鏡
花ちるや人なき夜の葭簀茶屋
八月や人無き茶屋の青楓
冬されや稲荷の茶屋の油揚
冬枯や蛸ぶら下る煮賣茶屋
冬の日やよらで過ぎ行く餅の茶屋
南岸の茶屋北岸の寺やむら紅葉
夕涼み山に茶屋あり松もあり
夕露に灰のつめたき野茶屋哉
大声で話す凉みや滝の茶屋
婆々が茶屋夜は虫鳴く處哉
山上の茶屋に鮓ありそれを喰ひぬ
帷子に風吹き起る滝の茶屋
日影薄く梅の野茶屋の寒哉
日暮るゝや桜の茶屋の繋ぎ馬
早起山を越え炎天を茶屋に休む人
星月夜星を見に行く岡の茶屋
春の夜や茶屋の二階の影法師
春の川出茶屋の前を流れけり
春の水出茶屋の前を流れけり
昼顔の上に火を焚く野茶屋哉
朝顔や野茶屋の垣根まばらなり
木にかける氷の旗や荷ひ茶屋

枯薄人呼ぶ茶屋の婆もなし
枯野原團子の茶屋もなかりけり
栗の花茶屋一軒を隠しけり
栗飯や目黒の茶屋の發句會
梅のさく門は茶屋なりよきやすみ
氷売る柳の陰の出茶屋かな
汗を吹く茶屋の松風蝉時雨
涼しさや滝を茶に煮る滝の茶屋
涼しさや駕を出づれば滝の茶屋
田螺売る野茶屋に藤の花早き
砂村や茶屋のかたへの枯尾花

滝の茶屋にそゞろ昼寝の足寒し taki no chaya

end of the Masaoka Shiki list

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asama no chaya 浅間の茶屋 at Mount Asama
ayu chaya 鮎茶屋 serving ayu trout fish
?bunnosuke chaya 文の助茶屋
eki chaya 駅茶屋 at a train station
fuji chaya 藤茶屋 surrounded by wisteria
gion chaya 祇園茶屋 in Gion, Kyoto
hagi no chaya 萩の茶屋 surrounded by bush clover
hama chaya 浜茶屋 at the beach
hanami chaya 花見茶屋 for viewing cherry blossoms
henro chaya 遍路茶屋 for henro pilgrims in Shikoku
higuchi chaya 火口茶屋 at a volcano
kai no chaya 峡の茶屋 at an inlay
kanakana no chaya 蜩の茶屋 to listen to evening cicadas
kifune chaya 貴船茶屋 at Kifune (Kibune) Kyoto
mimasaka no chaya 美作の茶屋 in Mimasaka (Okayama prefecture)
momiji chaya 紅葉茶屋 for viewing red autumn leaves
monzen chaya 門前茶屋 in front of a temple access road
nara no chaya 奈良の茶屋 in Nara
no chaya 野茶屋 in the wild fields
seta no chaya 瀬田の茶屋 at Seta
Shiki no chaya 子規の茶屋 in momory of Masaoka Shiki
shiro chaya 城茶屋 near a castle
tachiyu chaya 立場茶屋 at a hot spring
kakane chaya 高嶺茶屋 at a high mountain peak
tera chaya 寺茶屋 at a temple
tsuboyaki no chaya 壺焼の茶屋 using or selling Tsuboyaki pottery
umemi chaya 梅見茶屋 for viewing plum blossoms
wakaba chaya 若葉茶屋 in the young green leaves
yama chaya 山茶屋 at a mountain
yoshisu 葭簀茶屋 with reed grass blinds

Huge collection of CHAYA haiku :
- source : HAIKUreikuDB

hasumi chaya 蓮見茶屋 for viewing lotos flowers

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『岐阻街道奈良井宿名産店之圖 Kiso Road, Narai Station, Nr. 34
歌川広重 Utagawa Hiroshige

. Nakasendoo　中山道 Nakasendo Road .
the Kisokaidō, Kiso Kaido (木曾街道) Kisoji 木曽路

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niken chaya 二軒茶屋 two tea stalls

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- #chaya #teastall -
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12/26/2013

fuuzoku business

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. Doing Business in Edo　- 江戸の商売 .
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fuuzoku, fûzoku　風俗 Fuzoku, entertainment and sex business

This is part of the main entry about
. Doing Business in Edo　- 江戸の商売 .

fuuzoku　風俗 refers to the manners and customs, and in a wider sense in Edo to the flourishing sex business.

. Yoshiwara 葦原 /　吉原　pleasure quarters in Edo .

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chaya　茶屋　tea shop, tea stall

Under the unauspicious name of "tea stall", a lot of extra entertainment was available in Edo.
Along the public roads to the countryside, there were many chaya for travellers to rest.

. chaya, -jaya 茶屋 tea shop, tea stall .
- Introduction -

. aimai 曖昧女(おんな) onna, woman, prostitute
in a shop called Aimaiya 曖昧屋, providing front and back service, so to speak . . .

yuna 湯女 woman working in a bathhouse

湯女図

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. choki 猪牙 fast ferry boat to reach pleasure quarters .
short for chokibune 猪牙舟 (B192)

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江戸の秘薬女悦丸・長命丸・帆柱丸
古川柳と絵図と文献による閨房文化
蕣露庵主人 Shuroan Shujin

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meshimori onna 飯盛女 "woman serving rice"
They worked a the tea stalls along the main traveller's roads and sold not only food . . .

. meshimori hatago 飯盛旅籠 lodgings serving food (and women) .

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mugiyu ten 麦湯店 stalls serving "hot barley water"

- source : www.kabuki-za.com/syoku

The shop sign or lantern sign was usually written in Hiragana.
They also sold other kinds of cheap refreshments, like
sakura yu 桜湯, kuzu yu くず湯 or arare yu あられ湯.
The vendors who brought some color to the dark nights of Edo were of course young beautiful girls, mugiyu no onna 麦湯の女.

. mugicha 麦茶　むぎちゃ Barley tea, usually drunk in summer .

In Edo it was called "Mugiyu 麦湯" and drunk warm.

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. bikuni　比丘尼　prostitutes clad as nuns .
funabikuni　船比丘尼 on boats
uta bikuni 歌比丘尼 singing nun
Bikunizaka 比丘尼坂 Bikuni slope in Shinjuku, Edo

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funamanjuu 船饅頭　"sweet buns on a boat"
The boat owned by the husband, the wife would sell herself.

source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/aboo-kai/e

船饅頭小さくゆれて春の月
funamanjuu chiisaku yurete haru no tsuki

the prostitute's boat
rocks ever so gently -
moon in spring

. o-chiyobune, ochiyobune　お千代舟 O-Chio Boat .
street performance imitating O-Chio, a general name for these "funamanju" women.

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nakoodo isha　仲人医者　doctors as matchmakers for marriage
keian　慶庵 / 桂庵 Keian matchmaker
Named after the famous matchmacer-doctor Yamato Keian 大和慶庵 (around 1653).

A Nakodo go-between was necessary for a regular marriage in Edo.
Some doctors with a bad medical reputation could fall back on this kind of "business". Once the marriage was fixed, he would get quite a bit of "thank-you money".

- quote -
A nakōdo (仲人 matchmaker) serves the role of a go-between for families in the miai process. A nakōdo is not necessary for all miai. The nakōdo can be a family member, friend, or matchmaking company.
Professional organizations have begun to provide go-between services for inquiring candidates. These professional nakōdo are known as puro (pro) nakōdo.
The nakōdo is expected to play a variety of roles throughout the miai process. The first is the bridging role, hashikake (橋架け), in which the nakōdo introduces potential candidates and families to each other. The second role is as a liaison for the families to avoid direct confrontation and differences in opinions between them by serving as an intermediary for working out the details of the marriage.

miai (見合い, "matchmaking", lit. "looking at one another")
or omiai (お見合い) is a Japanese traditional custom
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. kekkon　結婚 konrei　婚礼 marriage in Edo .

Yokai - Monsters having a miai meeting -

Look at the full scroll of the Monsters having a Miai and Wedding
Bakemono Konrei 化物婚礼
- source : Toyo Daigaku -

. nakoodo, nakōdo 仲人 Nakodo legends with animals .
In the Yokai world, foxes, tanuki, serpents, Kappa and other animals are also Nakodo.

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. nanshoku、danshoku 男色 homosexuality in Edo .

. oiran 花魁 the great courtesans .
geisha　芸者 Geisha
kawahori　かわほり night hawker, harlot
keisei 傾城 courtesan
yotaka　よたか　cheap prostitutes "night hawks"
yuujoo 遊女 prostitute, harlot

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source :　kobayashi.s26.xrea.com

「細見、細見、細見屋！」
「これ1枚で大見世、小見世、何でも判る！」
「旦那、これ買わなきゃ判んないよ」

『さくらん』の吉原細見売り Sakuran no Yoshiwara Saiken uri

saiken uri　細見売り　selling guidebooks of Yoshiwara pleasure quarters

Yoshiwara Saiken　吉原細見 Details Map of Yoshiwara
with a list-up of all the facilities and names of the prostitutes available.

医者見立て江戸吉原細見 - 田野辺富蔵

source :　wikipedia

- quote -
saiken　細見 "guide book"
Also Yoshiwara saiken 吉原細見. Annually published guide to the new Yoshiwara quarters in Edo which was moved after the Meireki 明暦 fire of 1657.
This guide included detailed depictions of the red-light district, the names of brothels and the names, ranks and prices of the courtesans. The popularity of courtesans was ranked and recorded earlier, but in 1718 Tsutaya Juuzaburou 蔦屋重三郎 published the information as a folding pamphlet. Between 1728 and 1781 the pamphlets were published in a small horizontal book-format (yokobon 横本), and finally around the mid-to-late 19c. a vertical format (tatebon 竪本) came into vogue.
Between 1804-18, Yoshiwara saiken were used as the model for shibai saiken 芝居細見 which were compiled to give similar detailed information on theaters and actors.
- source : JAANUS -

吉原細見の図 Yoshiwara saiken no zu - Illustrations

- quote -
Sakuran さくらん (lit. "Derangement")
is a manga series created by Moyoco Anno.
The manga is about a girl, Kiyoha (though she goes through different names while growing up the hierarchy) who becomes a tayu or oiran courtesan.
North American publisher Vertical Inc released it in English in July 2012.
- source : wikipedia -

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shoobengumi,shôben-gumi　小便組　Shobengumi, "the urine gang", “the piss team” 　
oshishigumiおしし組 / temizugumi 手水組

A special group of mistresses, women coming from low samurai families or poor townspeople.
There were enough single men coming to Edo with the annual Daimyo processions (sankin kootai) who needed some kind of companion for a short time . . . They stayed with a man for some time and then, when the woman had enough, she would pee into the bedsheets (neshooben 寝小便) and then leave her "friend" for another one.

There are quite a few senryu about mistresses who had to pee at night 寝小便.

小便をして逃げるは妾と蝉
shooben o shite nigeru wa mekake to semi

cicadas and mistresses
are peeing
before running away

MORE senryu and information by my friend
- Robin D. Gill -
. - From Wee Tinkle To Woeful Torrent - .

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. shunga 春画 "spring pictures" erotic pictures .

Sexually explicit Japanese art challenges Western ideas

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. Tanzenburo　丹前風呂 "bathouse" cum brothel .
and the lady
Tanzenburo Katsuyama Tanzen Buro Katsuyama 丹前風呂勝山
in Kijichoo 雉子町 Kiji-Cho "pheasant district", Kanda Edo

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yookyuuba 楊弓場 Yokyuba, arrow shooting stall
and having some fun with the girls behind the counter . . .
Some customers tried to hit the back bottom of a girl . . .
There were also seats to use when ordering food.

source :　blogs.yahoo.co.jp/kuroken3147

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. Yoshiwara no yozakura 吉原の夜桜 Viewing Cherry Blossoms at Night in Yoshiwara .

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Edo Kobanashi Onna Hyakutai 江戸小咄女百態

"Art of Japan FUZOKU HANGA"
- source : www.ebay.com/itm

- further reference -

- reference images - edo 風俗 -

Edo Kinjirareta Fuuzoku 禁じられた江戸風俗 -the forbidden FUZOKU of Edo
- 塩見鮮一郎

under construction
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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

かはほりに夜ほちもそろりそろり哉
kawahori ni yahochi mo sorori-sorori kana

like the bats
the nighthawk too
slow and sure

. Kobayashi Issa　小林一茶 .

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一家に遊女もねたり萩と月
hitotsuya ni yuujo mo netari hagi to tsuki

in the same house
prostitutes, too, slept:
bush clover and moon
Tr. Barnhill

Oku no Hosomichi - - Station 34 - Ichiburi 市振 - - -
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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. 江戸風俗人形 Edo Fuzoku Dolls .
fûzoku ningyoo 風俗人形 dolls about manners and customs
costume dolls with historical Edo themes

. - Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

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12/25/2013

repairmen

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Repairmen in Edo

This is part of the main entry about
. Doing Business in Edo　- 江戸の商売 .

Repairing things to the very end was common in Edo.
Many repairmen also functioned as a kind of recycle shop, since they would dispose of the last parts of things they had repaired and recycled so far.

xxx naoshi 直し
saiseigyoo　再生業
shuuriya　修理屋, shuuri shokunin　修理職人

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12/24/2013

kenzanya

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kenzanya, kenzan ya, kenzan-ya 献残屋 present-recycling merchants,
dealers of returned gifts

They were only found in Edo, never in Kyoto and Osaka.

The daimyo feudal lords and other important officials of the government received obligatory (giri　義理) presents two times a year - kenjoomono　献上物.
The shogun also received a lot of local specialities from the daimyo.
Giving gifts was the lubrication of social life in the upper classes.

These dealers bought the presents and sold them bit by bit to the townspeople.
Most of the kenzanya stores were close to Edo castle and the Hatamoto estates.

They got a lot of
himono 沽魚 dried fish and other dried local food stuff
hoshigai 干貝、shiodori 塩鳥（しおどり）、konbu 昆布、kuzuko 葛粉（くずこ）、katakuriko 片栗粉、mizumochi 水餅、kin-namako 金海鼠（きんなまこ／きんこ）、hoshi awabi 干鮑（ほしあわび）、kurumi くるみ、karasumi 唐墨（からすみ）、konowata 海鼠腸（このわた）、uni 雲丹（うに）、noshi awabi 熨斗鮑（のしあわび）
- nicely packed in
hako 筥（はこ） boxes with presents
oribitsu 折櫃 boxes (often of hinoki wood) with the above food items.
taru 樽 barrels full of regional drinks

. Washoku - Japanese Food Culture .

It has also become the name of a book series, where the kenzanya deals with the evil of Edo.

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

献残屋諸国の義理を並べたて
kenzanya shokoku no giri o narabetate

dealers of gifts -
they display the obligations
of all the regions
Tr. Gabi Greve

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bafunkaki

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bafunkaki 馬糞掻き, bafun tori, maguso tori 馬糞とり, bafun hiroi 馬糞拾い, bafun-zarai 馬糞浚い
horse-shit collectors, collecting horse dung, horse droppings, horse manure

Hiroshige - Naito Shinjuku

Shinjuku was an imortant station in Edo, with merchants of local produce and the pleasure quarters.
There were a lot of carrying horses walking the road between Yotsuya and Shinjuku.

四谷新宿馬糞の中でアヤメ咲くとはしおらしい
Yostuya Shinjuku bafun no naka de ayame saku to wa shiorashii

source :　ameblo.jp/himitunohanazono

Yotsuya and Shinjuku - among the horse manure
iris is blossoming in modesty
(iris means the prostitutes of the area.)

Since horses were the main means of transportation, their "horse apples" had to be collected off the road and disposed of. It was be sold to the nearby farmers for manure.

source :　www.gakken.co.jp/kagakusouken

bafun hiroi and other forms of "recycling" in Edo.

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transporting goods with horses

source :　www.city.shinshiro.ed.jp

Ando Hiroshige

. umakata 馬方 owner of the pack horses .
Each shukuba postal station along the official travelling roads had its own horse stable and porter stations.

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source :　www.kakurean.com/fukuchi

. ema 絵馬 votive tablets .

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bafununi, bafun uni 馬糞海胆, ばふんうに "horse apple" sea urchin
„Pferdeapfel"-Seeigel 　－ Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus

Found from Hokkaido to Kyushu in rocky coastal areas. Used for sushi.
Best time (shun) is summer.

. WASHOKU - Japanese Food Culture .

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

陽炎や馬糞も銭に成にけり
kageroo ya ma-guso mo zeni ni nari ni keri

heat shimmers--
even horse dung
becomes money
Tr. David Lanoue

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脇寄れに一貝すくう馬糞掻き
wakiyore ni hito kai skuu bafunkaki

beside the daimyo procession
he scoops the horse shit
with a seashell

People had to kneel with head down, when a daimyo lord passed on the street on his horse. And some found a bit lucky business on the road, to be picked up with an old seashell.

落ちたるを拾うは馬の糞ばかり
ochitaru o hirou wa uma no fun bakari

from all things
fallen down only the horse shit
is picked up

The shit from dogs, cats, cows and other animals was not collected, it seems.

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加茂祭馬糞を掃きて終りけり
kamo matsuri bafun o hakite owarikeri

Kamo festival
it ends with collecting
the horse shit
Tr. Gabi Greve

Kinoshita Raikoo 木下雪洸 Kinoshita Raiko

. WKD : Horse, Pony (uma 馬, ポニー) .

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12/17/2013

ISSA - mosquitoes

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. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

. WKD : ka 蚊 mosquito .
kabashira 蚊柱 "column", swarm of mosquitos
kigo for all summer

kabashira hyakku 蚊柱百句 100 verses about swarming mosquitoes

. Nishiyama Soin 西山宗因 .
（1605 - 1682）
He was the first to introduce mosquitoes, fleas and other low insects into haikai poetry, since "every living creature has a heart".

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風吹や穴だらけでも我蚊帳
kaze fuku ya ana darake demo waga kachoo

wind blows -
even with lots of holes this is
my mosquito net
Tr. Gabi Greve

時鳥聞所とて薮蚊哉
hototogisu kiki dokoro tote yabu ka kana

a good place
to hear the hototogisu
but all these mosquitoes . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

The cut marker KANA is at the end of line 3.

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- Translations by Chris Drake

boofura, boofuri 孑孑　ぼうふら　－　ぼうふり mosquito larva

ぼうふりが天上するぞ門の月
boofuri ga tenjoo suru zo kado no tsuki

a larva flies, now
a mosquito, up to heaven --
moon above the gate
Tr. Chris Drake

This hokku is a later (1822) variation of a hokku written in 1819, the year evoked in Year of My Life:

boufuri ga tenjou suru zo mika no tsuki

a larva flies, now
a mosquito, up to heaven --
thin crescent moon

In the original version a third-night crescent moon shares heaven with the newly matured mosquito. When Issa put this hokku into Year of My Life he changed three syllables to make it a little softer, but the difference isn't major. See my April 10, 2013 post.

Of course Issa knows larvae can't fly, and he is not suggesting that the larva here is flying up toward heaven. His concise verse implies that the larva has at last turned into a mature mosquito that is able to fly. The term "flying/rising up to heaven" seems to have three meanings here. First, the mature mosquito takes off for the first time into the evening sky. Second, the mosquito must be so glad to have left behind its larva and pupa stages that it's as happy as if it were in heaven. And third, Issa celebrates the mosquito's growth from a mere larva and then pupa and its discovery that it can fly. Momentarily he seems to feel none of the ordinary aversion humans have toward mosquitoes. Instead, he seems to be imagining what it must feel like to be a newly mature mosquito that believes it can fly anywhere, even to heaven. However, the moon rising above the gate suggests that heaven is a actually a bit higher than the mosquito thinks it is.

Chris Drake

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- haiga by Nakamura Sakuo -

蚊柱の足らぬ所や三ケ月
ka-bashira no taranu tokoro ya mike no tsuki

not enough mosquitoes
in part of the swarm --
thin crescent moon

This humorous, ironic hokku was written in the 6th month (July) in 1816, when Issa was living in his hometown. Tall mosquito columns are formed at twilight on summer evenings by male mosquitoes hoping to mate with females. Perhaps the height of each column allows females to view the maximum number male candidates. In any case, individual females fly over to a swarming column and choose a mate, and the two then leave the column and fly off together mating. In the hokku, a mosquito column now seems to be taking shape above Issa in the eaves of his house. It covers most of the sky visible to Issa, but in one part of the forming column there aren't many mosquitoes yet, allowing him to fairly clearly see the very slender crescent moon -- a third-night waxing moon curving toward the left. Or perhaps Issa is walking somewhere and looks up at the sky. The many mosquito columns above him seem to cover the sky, but they leave one narrow section of the sky uncovered, and through it the thin crescent moon manages to shine. The single-column reading seems more powerful, since the mosquitoes are closer to Issa and easier to see as they fly across the moon.

This also seems to be the situation in the hokku placed two hokku later in Issa's diary:

mura no ka no oo-yoriai ya noki no tsuki

a big meeting
in the mosquito village --
moon in the eaves

Issa imagines a town meeting of a whole village of mosquitoes who have chosen to use his eaves as their gathering place before they collectively fly out to a field nearby. The rising moon must look rather fragmented yet dynamic when viewed through a swarm.

This short clip gives a rough idea of just how tall a mosquito column can be:
- source : www.youtube.com

Chris Drake

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- Translations by David Lanoue

今見ればつぎだらけ也おれが蚊屋
ima mireba tsugi darake nari ore ga kaya

upon inspection
it's covered with patches...
my mosquito net

目出度さはことしの蚊にも喰れけり
medetasa wa kotoshi no ka ni mo kuware keri

a celebration--
this year's mosquitoes too
feast

馬迄も萌黄の蚊屋に寝たりけり
uma made mo moegi no kaya ni netari keri

even the horses
sleep in light green
mosquito nets!

うつくしき花の中より薮蚊哉
utsukushiki hana no naka yori yabu ka kana

from deep inside
the pretty flower...
thicket mosquito

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kayatsurigusa 蚊帳吊草 "plant to hang in the mosquito net"
Cyperus microiria. Zypergras - kigo for late summer
Grows wild on abandoned fields. It has a strong fragrance against mosquitoes.

野に伏せば蚊屋つり草も頼むべし
no ni fuseba kayatsurigusa mo tanomu beshi

when lying down in the wilderness
we should also get some
mosquito net grass
Tr. Gabi Greve

Illustration by :　www.kyoko-kirie.jp

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. WKD : ka 蚊 mosquito .

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. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 - Introduction .

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12/14/2013

ISSA - Confucius

. Confucius 孔夫子, Kung Tzu, Kung Fu Tzu, .

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Confucius said,
I dislike foxtails because they can be mistaken for rice plants.

悪まれし草は穂に出し青田哉
nikumareshi kusa wa ho ni ideshi aota kana

green rice field
crowded with heads
of hated weeds
Tr. Chris Drake

This hokku was written on lunar 1/8 (Feb. 18) of 1804, when Issa was in the city of Edo. The hokku is about a rice paddy in late July, when the rice plants are growing taller and just beginning to put out heads or ears with rice grains in them. One field, however, turns out not to be growing much rice, although its green stalks look a bit like stalks of young rice plants. If you look closely you can see that many of the new heads that are beginning to take form on the grass contain no signs of rice grains at all. Instead, tufts with seeds for reproduction are appearing where rice heads should be. The name of the grass in the headnote indicates that they are a wild grass in the rice family known as Setaria viridis, or foxtail (莠), which is distantly related to foxtail millet (awa). In Japanese it is called "puppy tail grass" (enokoro-gusa) because of its tufts.

The headnote also indicates that this hokku, unlike an earlier hokku by Issa from 1794 in which millet (hie )invades a rice field, has a strong, explicit ethical dimension to it, since it quotes from a passage in Mencius, or Mengzi, a collection of dialogs and sayings attributed to the ancient Confucian thinker Mencius (Mengzi ). In the passage alluded to by Issa (see the translations below), Mencius explains why Confucius (Kongzi) said that many of the people generally regarded as being most virtuous are actually "thieves of virtue" who look virtuous but are actually simply skillful at adapting and adjusting to the latest fashions and conventions and flattering those in power.

At one point Confucius compares these fake ethical leaders to wild grass that looks like a grain-bearing crop but actually bears no grain, and he declares he dislikes wild-grass weeds. It's this comparison that Issa quotes in the headnote. although in the hokku Issa interprets grain specifically as rice, and the word for weeds or wild grass in Confucius' comparison is usually referred to in Japanese specifically as foxtails. Issa thus turns the rice field in the hokku into an ethical statement, and the "hated" weeds are hated by Confucius for reasons that also apply in Japan. Since the imitation moralists are the great majority, the green field in the hokku is presumably mostly wild grass, and since Issa is in Edo at the time, he is presumably indirectly criticizing the false sense of virtue held by so many self-righteous people in the city, especially by people in the warrior class who can quote Confucian classics in detail while contradicting those teachings with their actions. It seems possible Issa is also suggesting here that the True Pure Land Buddhist beliefs he holds are based on a clear system of ethics and amount to much more than an amoral belief that whatever is is right.

- - - From The Confucius
the A. Charles Muller translation at
source :　www.acmuller.net/con-dao

Chang asked, “
Confucius said: ‘When someone passes by my gate and does not enter, the only time I don't regret it is when it is a “conventional townsman.” These conventional townsmen are thieves of virtue.’ What sort of people were these, that he called ‘conventional townsmen’?”

Mencius said,
“[They criticize the ardent], saying ‘How can they be so grandiose such that their words do not reflect their actions and actions do not reflect their words, and how can they justify themselves with ‘the ancients did this, and the ancients did that.’’”

“[And they criticize the prudent], saying, ‘How can they be so aloof and cold? We are all born in this world, so we should be part of it. Being good here and now is sufficient.’ They obsequiously flatter their contemporaries. These are the so-called ‘conventional townsmen.’”

Wan Chang said, “
The whole town calls them ‘acceptable men’—there is no place where they can go where they will not be regarded as ‘acceptable men.’ Why did Confucius call them ‘thieves of virtue’?”

Mencius answered:
“If you want to blame them for something, there is nothing in particular that you can blame them for. If you want to correct them, there is nothing in particular that you can correct them for. They follow the current customs and consent to the vices of the age. They seem to abide in loyalty and honesty, and their actions seem pure. Everyone follows them and because people follow them, people become incapable of entering the Way of Yao and Shun. Thus, they are called ‘thieves of virtue.’”

“Confucius said,
‘I don't like things that are not what they appear to be. I don't like tares (grain weeds) because they can be confused with real grain. I don't like eloquence, because it can be confused with Justice. I don't like sharpness of tongue, because it might be confused with honesty. I don't like the music of Chang, because it might be confused with good music. I don't like purple, because it might be confused with vermilion and I don't like conventional townsmen, because they might be confused with the virtuous.’”

“The Noble Man returns to the constant and nothing more. Once the constant is properly apprehended, the people will be awakened. Once they are awakened, there will be no more of their evil.”

- The classic James Legge translation of the key passage:

Confucius said,
"I hate a semblance which is not the reality. I hate the darnel, lest it be confounded with the corn. I hate glib-tonguedness, lest it be confounded with righteousness. I hate sharpness of tongue, lest it be confounded with sincerity. I hate the music of Chang, lest it be confounded with the true music. I hate the reddish blue, lest it be confounded with vermilion. I hate your good careful men of the villages, lest they be confounded with the truly virtuous."
The superior man seeks simply to bring back the unchanging standard, and, that being correct, the masses are roused to virtue. When they are so aroused, forthwith perversities and glossed wickedness disappear.'

Chris Drake

. WKD : aota, aoda 青田 green rice fields .

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