Edo - the EDOPEDIA -

7/22/2016

kirie zu maps

CLICK for more samples !

The first Kirie-zu was printed in 1755 by 吉文字屋　Kichimonjiya.
Until the year 1775 he had produced eight detailed maps.
By 1846, the shop of 近江屋五平 Omiya Gohei sold 31 maps. He produced maps in three colors.

The high times of Kirie-zu was around 1849 until early Meiji, when 尾張屋清七 Owariya Seishichi
produced the 尾張屋版 Owariya Edition (金鱗堂版). He used five colors and the maps looked almost like 錦絵 Nishiki-E prints.

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嘉永・慶応江戸切絵図〈1〉
江戸・東京今昔切絵図散歩尾張屋清七板 Owariya Seishichi Edition

江戸切絵図集―新訂江戸名所図会

嘉永・慶応江戸切絵図

大江戸「古地図」大全
- More books at amazon com :
- source : amazon.co.jp -

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The Landmarks of Edo in Color Woodblock Prints
Find on a detailed map of Edo
Click Blue pin or "Landmark name", and you can see the description and nishiki-e thumbnail page of the place.
Click Yellow pin or "Place name", and you can see nishiki-e thumbnail(s) about the place drawn on nishiki-e.
- source : ndl.go.jp/landmarks/edo

Also available in Japanese.
〔江戸切絵図〕
- reference : National Diet Library -

- reference : edo kirie-zu -

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明暦江戸大絵図 Meireki Edo Dai-Ezu
Tōyō Bunko Digital Online Library 　
. . . CLICK here for more Photos　 !

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. chizu　地図 maps of Edo .

. kiri-e, kirie 切り絵 , kirigami 切り紙 cut-out pictures.

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7/10/2016

Hyakunincho district

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Hyakuninchoo　百人町 Hyakunincho district

teppoogumi hyakunin tai 鉄砲組百人隊　100 Riflemen Team
lived here on orders of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Hyakunin (hundred-man) brigade of shooters
100 men musket (teppo) corps

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Teppo-gumi hyakunin-tai, or the Hundred-Member Gun Squad,
was founded by Tokugawa Ieyasu to defend his shogunate in the newly established capital of Edo. The squad was stationed in Shinjuku in an area named in its honor and known today as Hyakunin-cho (hundred-member town).
This Hyakunin-cho is home to the Kaichuinari-jinja Shrine, where many vassals of the squad visited to pray that their every shot hits the target. People later established the shustujin-shiki fair to commemorate the gun squad and also as thanksgiving for the luck bestowed by the shrine.

Today, the fair is held every odd year. Men clad in armor and helmet parade the neighborhood of Hyakunin-cho, test fire matchlock guns and give public demonstrations of battle field exercises.
- source : gotokyo.org/en/kanko/shinjuku

The Koshu Kaido was especially planned by Tokugawa Ieyasu to secure his route to escape Edo in case of an attack.
He had the group of 100 special armed guards live in Shinjuku to help and protect him in case of need.

. Kooshuu Kaidoo, Kōshū Kaidō 甲州街道 Koshu Kaido Road .

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鉄砲組百人隊 Homepage
- source : edo-hinawa.com -

CLICK for more photos of the Teppo-Tai !

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During the Edo period, the villages of 柏木 Kashiwagi and 大久保 Okubo were agricultural districts on either side of Hyakunin-cho where samurai warrior residences were located.
These villages were known as vegetable producing areas. The samurai families cultivated plants and flowers and this a tradition was continued through the Meiji period (1868-1912) even though the samurai class itself had disappeared by then.
The area was particularly famous for its azaleas (tsutsuji).
Since Hyakunin-cho was a residential area of the constables (doshin) belonging to the Hyakunin (hundred-man) brigade of shooters operated by the Bakufu military government during the Edo period. During festivals held at the Kaichu Inari Shrine, they fired ceremonial volleys with firelocks.
- source : kanko-shinjuku.com -

. Ookubo, Ōkubo 大久保 Okubo district, Shinjuku .

. Kashiwagi mura 柏木村 Kashiwagi village, Shinjuku .

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. Kaichuu Inari Jinja　皆中稲荷神社 Kaichu Inari Shrine .
1-11-16 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo / 新宿区百人町1-11-16

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Star Lanterns at Hyakunincho, Aoyama, Eastern Capital
Utagawa Hiroshige II

. Aoyama 青山 Aoyama district, "Green Mountain" .

At the temple 丸普陀山長楽寺 Choraku-Ji
there is a 鬼形の石 stone in the form of a demon, called
Yashajin 夜叉神 Yasha-jin, the Yasha Deity.
The stone had been in the garden of a member of a family in 青山百人町 Hyakunin-Cho in Aoyama.

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Takano Chooei, Takano Chōei　高野長英 Takano Choei
(1804 - 1850)

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Choei Takano -
Physician and scholar of Western studies. Takano studied Dutch medicine in Nagasaki from a person named Siebold and opened his practice in Edo. He formed the research group of Western studies Shoshikai with Kazan Watanabe and others and delved into the study of Western culture. He was imprisoned for six years for writing “Yume Monogatari” (My Dream Vision), in which he criticized the diplomatic policies of the Shogunate, but he escaped from jail by bribing a prison guard to set fire to the prison. Although he returned to Edo and lived by hiding out in various places, he was eventually arrested and killed.

-- Association with Minato City
He spent his last days of life in his secret hiding place in Aoyama Hyakunin-cho

Choei changed his appearance by burning his face with chemicals and moved around the country, but he eventually returned to Edo in March 1850 and lived in hiding in Aoyama Hyakunin-cho. That area had a concentration of official residences of the Shogun’s foot soldiers and sympathizers, and the grounds of the residence of a foot soldier named Kojima contained a pawnbroker’s annex. Choei ran a medical practice on that premises under the false name of Sanpaku Sawa.

However, on the last day of October in the same year, he was attacked by a Shogunate official in an alley on his return home, arrested, and killed. A stone monument, inscribed with “The hiding place of Doctor Choei Takano,” stands where he died in what we know as Minamiaoyama. It was 48 years after his death before his honor was restored, and a commemorative monument inscribed with Kaishu Katsu’s composition was erected in Zenko Temple in Kita-Aoyama after he was posthumously bestowed the title of Lord.
In 1837, he wrote Yumemonogatari (My Dream Vision), which stressed the need to open Japan to the world after the 1837 attack on an American ship, the Morrison. He continued to translate Western books while on the run and translated such books as Iryo Suyo (Fundamentals of Medical Care). Although he was a brilliant scholar of Western studies and a pioneer in medicine, he had a rather unfortunate life.
- source : lib.city.minato.tokyo.jp -

. Medicine in Edo .

- reference : Takano Choei -

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7/08/2016

Priest Jiun Onko Sonja

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .
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Jiun Onkoo 慈雲飲光 Priest Jiun Onko
(1718 – 1804/1805)
百不知童子、葛城山人、雙龍叟 - 慈雲尊者 Jiun Sonja

CLICK for more photos !

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Daruma: “I do not know”
This painting represents the first Zen patriarch, often referred to as Daruma in Japanese, but more properly called by his Sanskrit name Bodhidharma. He is believed to have been moved from India to China in the fifth and sixth century and there, through meditation, finally came to understand the Buddhist law (dharma). This is why his figure often occurs alongside Zen calligraphy, representing the continuous struggle to learning the Buddhist teachings.

Images of Bodhidharma express his effort to established continuity with Zen Buddhist teachings. This painting belongs to that tradition but Jiun, thanks to his unique flaked style, transformed the silhouette of the patriarch in an abstract form: with only two strokes, the artist portrays the monk in meditation while, above, two characters stand out: "I do not know" (Fushiki).

The concept is short, direct and powerful. It refers to a dialogue between Daruma and Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty and capture the essence of Zen Buddhism: as reported in 'Hekiganroku (published in 1300), the emperor met the monk in the year 520, and asked him about how he had obtained for supporting Buddhism; when he says "absolutely nothing" the Emperor, irritated, asked what was then the foundation of Buddhism and the answer was "a great void and no holiness.” More and more annoyed, he then asked "Who are you?" And Bodhidharma replied " I do not know".

After this dialogue Bodhidharma was no more welcome at the court and he took refuge in a cave in the Shaolin temple on Mount Song, where he sat in meditation for nine years. The painting represents this first development status of Chinese Zen tradition: Bodhidharma who sits still and quiet in front of a white wall.

Jiun Onko (Jiun Sonja), one of the greatest Japanese Zen artist, born in Osaka, joined the cloister when he was thirteen, studied the Confucianism, the Shingon esoteric Buddhism and the Soto Zen. He was an excellent scholar, he learned Sanskrit been interested in ancient Buddhist manuscripts and learn the basic teachings of Buddhism; he founded in fact a movement that wanted to bring Buddhism back to its origins (“True Dharma”).

He was one of the reformers of the Edo period Zen and, still today, he is considered one of the greatest Zen calligraphers ever in Japan. His works are in all the museum collections of Japanese art all over the world.
- source : giuseppepiva.com/c -

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founder of 雲伝神道 Unden Shinto
葛城神道 Katsuragi Shinto

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Unden Shinto was founded by Jiun Sonja (1718-1804), a Shingon priest who attempted to enhance Shinto through a fusion with Buddhist and Confucian ideas. Comparing the similarities between the I Ching and Shinto writings on such views as the heavenly mandate, divination, numerology, gods and spirits, and politics, he alleged that the creation of
the I Ching may have been influenced by Shinto. According to Chinese tradition, Fu Hsi created the eight trigrams based on the Ho t'u (Yellow River diagram). Jiun speculated that the Ho t'u was inspired by a Shinto mirror: "The images of the Ho t'u were manifested through the Okitsu Mirror [a round bronze mirror kept in the geku (Outer Shrine) of the Ise Shrine, one of the ten Shinto treasures]. Fu Hsi used the Ho t'u as the base for drawing the eight trigrams." .....
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Jiun's discussions on the Shinto origins of the I Ching were only piecemeal. He did not address important questions, such as how Fu Hsi and other Chinese sages were influenced by Shinto. A full-fledged theory of the Shinto origins of the I Ching did not appear until the emergence of the Hirata school a few decades later.
.....
Jiun strove to return to original Buddhism by studying Buddhist sutras in Sanskrit. For his Buddhist views, see Paul B. Watt, "Jiun Sonja (1718-1804): A Response Confucianism within the Context of Buddhist Reform," in Nosco, Confucianism and Tokugawa Culture, pp. 188-214.

The I Ching in the Shinto Thought of Tokugawa Japan
By Wai-ming Ng
- source : University of Hawaii Press -

The Complete Works of the Venerable Jiun (Jiun Sonja zenshū).

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Unden Shintō
A branch of Shinto founded by the Edo-period Shingon monk Jiun Onkō (1718-1804).
As Jiun lived on Mt. Katsuragi, it is also called Katsuragi Shintō. Jiun's learning extended not only to esoteric Buddhism, siddham (Sanskrit philology), and Zen, but also to Confucianism and Shinto. In particular, he revived the monastic precepts through his promulgation of what he called the Precepts of the True Dharma (shōbōritsu). He also composed the Bongaku shinryō in one thousand fascicles, and made a great compilation covering the history of siddham studies; he was one of the outstanding scholars of his era. In response to the criticisms of Buddhism leveled by the Confucianists and Shintoists of his time, he attempted a reconstruction of the ancient Ryōbu Shintō. Some of his works relating to Shinto include Shin-Ju gudan (A Conversation Between Shintō and Confucianism), Shintō yōgo (Important Terms in Shintō), Shintō kokuga (Songs of the Shintō Realm), Shinchoku kuden (Oral Transmissions on the Oracles of the Gods), Ten no mikage (The Beneficence of Heaven).
Jiun held that no distinction existed between Shinto and esoteric Buddhism, and that it would be impossible to learn the essence of Shinto without also understanding esoteric Buddhism. Further, he was considered noteworthy for locating the basic meaning of Shinto in the relationship between lord and retainer while criticizing the Confucianists' emphasis on the marriage relationship or the relationship between friends; he is also known for arguing that Japan was a "divine land" (shinkoku) in which there was no need for the appearance of Confucian sages.
In these ways, Jiun diverged from the previous position that regarded Buddhism as principal and Shinto as subsidiary, taking a stance closer to Revivalist Shinto (Fukko Shintō) nationalism. Jiun's writings relating to Shinto are now collected in Volume 10 of The Complete Works of the Venerable Jiun (Jiun Sonja zenshū).
- source : Ito Satoshi - kokugakuin 2006 -

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慈雲尊者とは

１．慈雲尊者
２．正法律思想
３．尊者の袈裟
４．尊者の著作
５．尊者の容貌
６．生誕三百年記念奉賛会について
- reference : horakuji.hello-net.info/jiun -

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perseverance

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buji kore kinin - inactivity

- - CLICK for more of his paintings ! -

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- reference : Jiun Onko -

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. shinbutsu in Edo 江戸の神仏 Kami and Hotoke in Edo .
shinbutsu shūgō 神仏習合 - Syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism
shinbutsu bunri 神仏分離 - Separation of Shinto and Buddhism.

. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #jiun #priestjiun - - - -
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7/06/2016

nikki diaries

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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Nikki　日記　Diaries of the Edo period - Tagebuch
江戸時代の日記　

Many chief retainers (karoo 家老 Karo) wrote detailed diaries of their domain.
Other Samurai wrote about the food they found on their way to and from Edo.

江戸お留守居役の日記 Edo O-Rusuiyaku no Nikki
萩藩江戸留守居役、福間彦右衛門の日記『公儀所日乗』
山本博文
rusuiyaku - a Samurai representing the master during his absence.

to be updated
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Enyuu Nikki 宴遊日記 Enyu Nikki - Diary of Banquets and Amusements
compiled over the years 1773 - 1785
En'yu Nikki - A banquet diary

source : chokai.info/areanews

お殿様の上野浅草散歩道『宴遊日記』

柳沢信鴻 Yanagisawa Nobutoki (1724 - 1792)
Daimyo of the Yamato Koriyama domain 大和郡山藩主

yuuen nikki 遊宴日記 Yuen Nikki (different Kanji)
江戸の植木屋と花屋 : 柳沢信鴻著- 遊宴日記
Garden tree shops and flower shops of Edo (Tokyo)

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Garden tree shops and flower shops of Edo (Tokyo) in 18th were written by Yanagisawa Nobutoki in his diary Enyu Nikki. Those shops where Nobutoki bought plants to make the garden in his residence Rikugien at Edo sold many kinds of trees and flowers. Nobutoki described that those shops had sold many plants which visitors wanted to decorate their room or make their garden. In Edo period nurserymen produced new varieties of garden plants which anyone can't get now. Those shops existed at many places in Edo. For example, those were at Dosaka, Yushima and Sendagi which are belonged to Bunkyo Ward today, and at Hirokodoji, Rokuamida, Kubifuri-zaka in Taito Ward.
- source : nirr.lib.niigata-u.ac.jp -

- 柳沢延時 Yanagisawa Nobutoki (maybe a misspelling of the Kanji 柳沢信鴻) -

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Prayer and Play in Late Tokugawa Japan: Asakusa Sensōji
Yanagisawa Nobutoki (1724-92), a retired daimyo, provides a good example of the populace's passionate veneration of the Asakusa Kannon. .....
- source : books.google.co.jp - Nam-Lin Hur -

A Kabuki Reader: History and Performance
By Samuel L. Leiter
- - - - - Enyu Nikki - A banquet diary
account of Samurai interested in Kabuki theater
..... Nobutoki was active in Haikai poetry circles
- source : books.google.co.jp -

and 宴遊日記別録 Enyu nikki betsuroku

- reference : Yanagisawa Nobutoki -
also google for
柳沢淇園 Yanagisawa Kien (1704–1758)

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Hakuen Nikki 柏莚日記 Hakuen Diary
1802
Hakuen was the artist name of Kabuki actor 市川団十郎 Ichikawa Danjuro 2nd.

- reference : 柏莚日記 -

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Kakyuu bushi no shoku nikki 下級武士の食日記 Food Diary of a lowly Samurai
幕末単身赴任 Bakumatsu tanshin funin - Living alone in Edo at the Bakumatsu time
酒井伴四郎日記 Sakai Banshiro Nikki
下級武士の米日記

酒井伴四郎 Sakai Banshiro (1833 - ?)
He was a samurai of low rank 下級武士 with a small income. As a young man of 28 he had to stay on duty i Edo from the 6th to the eleventh month of 1860 and kept a diary of his diet and the many things he observed in the big city. He even talks about the 月見団子 dumplings for moon viewing in Autumn and other gourmet food he encountered.
He lived in cheap Nagaya quarters and improved his knowledge about cooking while doing odd jobs in restaurants.

source : mocket.exblog.jp/15980834

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Karoo Nikki 家老日記 Diary of the Chief Retainer
The Tottori Domain from 1655 till 1870. Kept by the 池田家 Ikeda family about the events in Tottori.
Is contains 250 volumes.

今回公開された「家老日記」は、旧鳥取藩主・池田家に伝わり、1969年に池田家の子孫から鳥取県へと寄贈されたもの。藩政を統括した家老のもとで作成された“公務日記”で、鳥取藩政をひもとく基礎資料となる藩の歴史や構造が記されている。1655（明暦元）年から1870（明治3）年までの250冊が、ほぼ年次を追って存在している。
- reference source : r25.jp/topi - 鳥取県立博物館 -

access to the digital Database
- source : digital-museum.pref.tottori.jp -

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Matsudaira Yamato no Kami Nikki 松平大和守日記
The Diary of Matsudaira Yamato no Kami
Matsudaira Yamatonokami nikki
by Matsudaira Naonori　松平直矩　(1642 - 1695)

Flowing Traces: Buddhism in the Literary and Visual Arts of Japan
edited by James H. Sanford, William R. LaFleur, Masatoshi Nagatomi
..... A particularly important source of contemporary information concerning Sekkyô-bushi is the Matsudaira Yamato no kami nikki, cited by Muroki. .....
- source : books.google.co.jp -

Murakami Komonjo Kankokai, 1989
Naonori Matsudaira, Kozo Suzuki
- source : books.google.co.jp -

松平直徳 (1869 - 1931) Matsudaira Naonori - Another Daimyo
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Matsudaira Naonori was the second son of Matsudaira Yoshinori, last daimyô of Akashi han in Harima province. Adopted by his elder brother Matsudaira Naomune, he inherited headship of the family in 1884.
A viscount (shishaku) in the Meiji period kazoku system of peerage, Naonori was a member of the House of Lords, and board member or company director of Akashi Bank, and the Hakushika saké company.
He is known also for his art collection, which included a rare set of nanban screens entitled Yôjin sôgakuzu byôbu, and today in the collection of the MOA (Museum of Art) in Shizuoka.
- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com -

- reference : Matsudaira Yamato no Kami -

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Moriyama Takamori Nikki 森山孝盛日記
森山孝盛　Moriyama Takamori (1738 - 1815)

He made a career in the Bakufu government, from 目付 Metsuke to 先手鉄砲頭 Sakite Teppogashira in 1794 and next year to 火付盗賊改 Hitsuke Tosoku Aratame.
After that he was 西丸持弓頭 and then 槍奉行 Yari Bugyo until he quit in 1812.

- reference : Moriyama Takamori -

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Oomuro Uchuu Ki 鸚鵡籠中記　 Omuro Uchu Ki - Records of a parrot in the cage
元禄武士の日記 Diary of a Genroku Period Samurai

oomuro 鸚鵡 parrot in a cage, was used for the title, because Shigeaki was very skilled in writing easily and amusing for the readers.

朝日重章 Asahi Shigeaki (1674 - 1718)

Records from 1684 till 1717 of a Samurai from the 尾張藩 Owari domain.
He also writes about 宝永地震 the strong earthquake of 1707.

This book is also known as
元禄御畳奉行の日記 Genroku O-Tatami Bugyo no Nikki

source : tinnen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog

- reference : Asahi Shigeaki -

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Saito Gesshin Nikki　斎藤月岑日記
斎藤月岑 Saito Gesshin (1804 - 1878)

He was 神田の町名主 the mayor of Kanda. His family has held this job since Tokugawa Ieyasu came to Edo in 1590. His father died when Gesshin was only 15 years old.
His grave is in Ueno at temple Hoozenji 法善寺 Hozen-Ji.
This diary covers the years from 1830 till 1875.

『斎藤月岑日記』（さいとうげっしんにっき）
- reference : wikipedia -

Gesshin was involved in many literary projects, for example
江戸名所図会（7巻20冊） Edo Meisho Zue
東都歳事記（4巻）Toto Saijiki
武江年表（12巻）Buko Nenpyo . . . and many more
- reference : Saito Gesshin Nikki　-

. Tooto Saijiki 東都歳時記 Saijiki of the Eastern Capital (Edo) .

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Seisei Nikki 征西日記 The Western Conquest Diary

江戸時代のグルメ日記　gourmet diary of the Edo period
伊庭八郎 Iba Hachiro (1844 - 1869)

Hachiro had to go to Kyoto with the Shogun 徳川家茂 Tokugawa Iemochi.
On this trip he wrote about many things found on the way.
御上洛御共之節旅中並在京在坂中萬事覚留帳面

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Nikki bungaku 日記文学 is a genre of Japanese diary literature.

. Tosa Nikki 土佐日記 Tosa Diary .
Ki no Tsurayuki 紀貫之 - (872-945)

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inro pillbox

source :　tukubaskecth.tsukuba.ch

The famous inro of Mito Komon occupied by manekineko !

- quote
The term inrō derives from the Sino-Japanese roots in (from Middle Chinese 'jin 印 "printed") and rō ( 籠 "cage"). Because traditional Japanese robes lacked pockets, objects were often carried by hanging them from the obi, or sash, in containers known as sagemono (a Japanese generic term for a hanging object attached to a sash). Most sagemono were created for specialized contents, such as tobacco, pipes, writing brush and ink, but the type known as inrō was suitable for carrying anything small.

Consisting of a stack of tiny, nested boxes, inrō were most commonly used to carry identity seals and medicine. The stack of boxes is held together by a cord that is laced through cord runners down one side, under the bottom, and up the opposite side. The ends of the cord are secured to a netsuke, a kind of toggle that is passed between the sash and pants and then hooked over the top of the sash to suspend the inrō. An ojime, or bead, is provided on the cords between the inrō and netsuke to hold the boxes together. This bead is slid down the two suspension cords to the top of the inrō to hold the stack together while the inrō is worn, and slid up to the netsuke when the boxes need to be unstacked to access their contents. Inrō were made of a variety of materials, including wood, ivory, bone, and lacquer. Lacquer was also used to decorate inro made of other materials.

Inrō, like the ojime and netsuke they were associated with, evolved over time from strictly utilitarian articles into objects of high art and immense craftsmanship.
- source : MORE in the wikipedia

. zooge 象牙 ivory, Elfenbein .

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source : v

- quote -
The Edo samurai knew how to look sharp
‘The World of Edo Dandyism: From Swords to Inro”
at the Nezu Museum is a splendid collection of Edo Period (1603-1868) swords and sword accessories that includes blades, scabbards and metal fittings, as well as decorative sets of inrō (pill boxes) and netsuke (carved toggles). The exhibition looks back to a fascinating period of Edo history when prosperous samurai and merchants sought out the most stylish outfits and accessories that would establish them as refined men.
- snip -
The exhibition provides a glimpse of these unique characteristics of the Edo gentleman’s wardrobe. Visitors are first met with a dazzling display of swords, which is specially lit to allow close viewing of the blades’ fine metalwork, engraving and patterning.
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Another highlight of the exhibition is the collection of tsuba (sword guards), the metal fittings attached between hilts and sword blades to prevent the grip from slipping onto the blades.
- snip -

Perhaps the most famous accoutrements of the Edo gentleman, aside from his sword, were the inrō and netsuke. The inrō, a lacquered pill box small enough to fit into the palm of the hand, would be paired with a decorative netsuke toggle. On display at the exhibition is a beautiful 18th-century inrō stand that demands attention. A dizzying assortment of inrō hang from it, replicating how it would have originally looked in the gentleman’s home. Clearly the owner of this stand must have enjoyed displaying his prized inrō collection.
The spectacular inrō in this exhibition
include one by Shibata Zeshin (1807-1891) that depicts the Chinese tale of “Zhong Kui the Demon Queller,” who, according to legend, was so powerful that he was able to capture a demon. The inrō, which has Zhong Kui standing victorious on one side and the demon on its reverse, is enclosed in a case the shape of a cage. The bamboo bars of the cage are made of mother of pearl and the rest of it is lacquered to have the appearance of rusted iron. When inside the case, the demon on the inrō is seen trapped behind bars. The artist’s playful spirit, skill of execution and ability to illustrate the narrative in such a clever manner make this a remarkable piece. ...
- source : japantimes.co.jp/culture - Yoko Haruhara -

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- quote -
Turtle-shell "Inro" pocket watch
Late Edo Period. Japanese-version of a portable compact watch in a casing resembling a pillbox.

The dial rotates to keep time. The case is made entirely of turtle shell and covered completely in lacquer. This splendid clock has a sundial and compass in the lid.
According to writing on the box, the clock belonged to Nariaki Tokugawa (whose posthumous name is Rekko) of the Mito domain.
(Machine height: 5.3 cm; width: 4.5 cm; thickness: 2.5 cm)
- source : jcwa.or.jp/en wadokei -

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inrooshi, inroo shi 印籠師 Inro maker

- reference : japanese-inro.jyuluck-do.com -

Inro were first used to store the
. inkan 印鑑 seal .
For medicine there were at least three different boxes to store different kinds of pills and drugs. To keep out moisture the aikuchi 合口 opening between two boxes had to be especially tight. This was one part of an Inro where the craftsman had to show his skill. The form of these boxes changed with time from simple containers to refined pieces of accessories for the rich.

Techniques used to decorate an Inro

chinkin 沈金 gold or silver inlay in scratch marks of laquer

. makie, maki-e 蒔絵 "sprinkled picture" .

nashiji, nashi ji 梨地 - Nashiji, also called Aventurine ...
The name nashiji is thought to have originated in the resemblance that the lacquer bears to the skin of a Japanese pear, 梨 nashi. ...
- source : global.britannica.com-

. raden 螺鈿 mother-of-pearl - inlay .

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source : torinakukoesu.cocolog-nifty.com

. Tôshûsai Sharaku 東洲斎写楽 (active 1794 - 1795).

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- - - long list of books about Inro and Netsuke
- source : www5d.biglobe.ne.jp/~mystudy -

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ころもがへ印籠買ひに所化（しょげ）二人
koromogae inroo kai ni shoge futari
koromogae inroo kai ni shoke futari

For the new wardrobe
To buy a seal-case
Two monks have come!
Tr.Thomas McAuley

. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

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阿波踊腰の印籠地を擦れり
awa odori koshi no inro ji o kesuru

Awa Dance !
the pill box on his belt
rubs on the ground
Tr. Gabi Greve

Saitoo Inao 伊藤伊那男 Saito Inao (1949 - )

. WKD : 阿波踊り Awa odori dance .
- - kigo for autumn -
This is a special dance that originated in Tokushima (Shikoku) more than 400 years ago.
It is performed during the days of the Bon Festival (o-bon) in many parts of Japan nowadays. The Inro of many dancers have an extra-long string.

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印籠の蒔絵の金や夏羽織
inro no makie no kin ya natsubaori

gold decoration
on the lacquer of this Inro -
light summer robe

Nomura Kishuu 野村喜舟 Nomura Kishu (1886 - 1983)

. WKD : natsubaori 夏羽織 light summer coat.

CLICK for more Inro with Maki-e decoration !

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6/30/2016

kagami mirror

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Edo shokunin　江戸の職人 Craftsmen of Edo .
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kagami 鏡 mirror, Spiegel

. WKD : kigo related to the mirror .
kyoodai 鏡台 mirror stand
kyoodai iwai 鏡台祝 celebrating the mirror stand
hatsu kagami 初鏡 "first (use of the) mirror"
In Samurai Families, on the 20 of January, the mirrors were opened for the first time, some kagami mochi offered and then ritually eaten by the womanfolk.
sanmenkyoo 三面鏡 three-mirrored dresser

- also introduced are
wakyou, wakyoo　和鏡 Wakyo
Japanese style mirrors / History of mirrors in Japan
Mirror with auspicious symbols of winter

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ekagami, e-kagami 柄鏡　mirror with a handle

ekagami, e-kagami 柄鏡　mirror with a handle

. . . A mirror with one's family crest may signify the self assertion of the family or individual who used such a mirror. A mirror with a scenic motif, such as Mount Fuji and the pine grove of Miho or the eight views of Omi, may express one's desire to see these famous sights or to travel.

By the Edo period handles, often bound in rattan, were added to Japanese brass or bronze mirrors. The mirror discs also became larger to accommodate the increased size of ladies' hair arrangements. These types of mirror were known as e-kagami.
Perhaps it can be said that the motifs on handled mirrors truly reflected the heart of the Edoite!
- source : www.kyohaku.go.jp

- History of mirrors in Japan -
- reference -

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Mirrors were first introduced for religious rituals, but had been used by the aristocracy for combing and make-up since the Heian period.
In the Edo period, they became widely used by all people.

kagamishi 鏡師 mirror maker

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kagami migaki 鏡磨き /　kagami togi 鏡研ぎmirror polisher in Edo

Since the mirrors of the Edo period lost their shine very soon, it was necessary to polish them regularly.

source :cleanup.jp/life/edo/17

The bronze mirrors of the ladies of Edo had to be polished at least once a year. A good business time for the wayside craftsmen was in winter, toward the New Year.
They sat by the roadside, putting the mirror in front of them whilst polishing it. So they could see their own face all the time.

They were often the subject of senryu.

わが面で試みをする鏡とぎ
waga men de kokoromi o suru kagamitogi

using my own face
as a trial object
to polish this mirror

磨ぎたての鏡びっくり下女気絶
togitate no kagami bikkuri gejo kizetsu

looking into
the newly polished mirror
the servant faints

Maybe now she realized the great difference in her own "beauty" and that of here lovely lady.

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togishi 研ぎ師研師 polisher of mirrors, swords and blades
kenma 研磨 sword polishing

- quote -
Kenma - Japanese Sword Polishing
The basic 2 stages of Kenma ( Polishing ) are the Shitaji-Kenma ( Foundation polish ) and Shiage-Kenma ( Final polish ). The 3rd stage is the final, touch-up polish. Normally, the 9 Japanese polishing stones are used to complete the Kenma. .....
- - - - - Kenma procedures
1. Mine Kenma
2. Shinogi-ji Kenma
3. Hira-ji Kenma ( Flat area polish )
4. Yokote-suji-kiri ( Side line formation )
- - - - - Minor Polish
The minor polish can be done to the sword with scuff markings or the sword with Hike ( Scratch ).
- source : sfswordsociety -

- reference -

. Saeki Yataroo 佐柄木弥太郎 Saeki Yataro .
The official togimonoshi 砥物師 of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
He lived in a district named after him,
Kanda Saekichoo 神田佐柄木町　Kanda Saeki-cho, Kanda Saekicho

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- quote
Japan in the Edo Period - An Ecologically-Conscious Society
There were many other kinds of specialized craftsmen to repair broken items, including paper lanterns and locks, replenish vermilion inkpads, and refurbish old Japanese wooden footwear, mills and mirrors, to name a few. They supported a society where nothing was thrown away but everything was carefully repaired, and used until it could truly be used no more.
- source : Eisuke Ishikawa / JFS

. kagami ema 鏡絵馬 votive tablet as a mirror .
You can paint the part of your face that should improve its beauty.

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合わせ鏡のおひさ / Takashimaya no O-Hisa 高島屋おひさ

source : kanazawabunko.com

The rebus picture (hanji-e 判じ絵) :
田圃（た）TA、鹿島（かしま）KASHIMA 踊り手の尾（お）O に火（ひ）HI がつき、徳利と盃で酒（さ）SA で、
「たかしまおひさ」- Takashima Ohisa

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kagami o miru geisha 鏡を見る芸者

source : allposters.co.jp

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猫が鏡を覗いている cat peeking in the mirror

source : bumblebees.at.webry.info

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CLICK for many more photos !

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. Join the Ukiyo-E friends on facebook ! .

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. shinkyoo 神鏡 Shinkyo - "mirror of the kami", divine mirror .

The Imperial Regalia of Japan (三種の神器, Sanshu no Jingi / Mikusa no Kandakara), also known as the Three Sacred Treasures of Japan, consist of

the sword Kusanagi (草薙劍, Kusanagi no Tsurugi)),
the mirror Yata no Kagami (八咫鏡), and
the jewel Yasakani no Magatama (八尺瓊曲玉).

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- quote -
Mirrors in history and mirror superstitions
... There is a Buddhist belief that negative spirits will enter houses through the door if they have triangular-shaped roofs. Hanging a small circular mirror in front of the door will prevent the bad spirits from entering.
In Japan, bronze mirrors (imported from China c.300AD) were associated with Amaterasu, sun goddess and imperial ancestor — who, at the dawn of time, ordered her grandson to descend from heaven to rule over Japan and gave him a sacred mirror providing him and his successors perpetual access to the divine sun.
Throughtout medieval Japan, mirrors were considered sacred objects—used not only in rarefied imperial ritual and display but also to ward off evil spirts and, when placed in Shinto shrines, to speak with the gods.
- source : japanesemythology.wordpress.com -

makyoo 魔鏡 Makyo, magic mirror
- quote -
..... In Japan, bronze mirrors are known as magic mirrors, or makkyo (魔鏡). One side is brightly polished, while an embossed design decorates the reverse side. Remarkably, when light is directed onto the face of the mirror, and reflected to a flat surface, an image magically appears (usually the one featured on its back). While the metal is completely solid, the reflected image gives the impression that it must be in some way translucent. For many centuries, the ‘magic’ of these mirrors baffled both laymen and scientists.
The currently accepted explanation for this phenomenon is that during its construction the mirror’s surface is scraped, scratched, and polished, then coated with an amalgram of mercury, thereby causing stresses and “preferential buckling” into convexities of a scale too small to be observed by the naked eye, but matching the pattern on the back of the mirror.

Kyoto Journal sat down with the man rumored to be the last remaining makkyo maker in the world — Yamamoto Akihisa — and his friend, Yoshida Hisashi. Mr. Akihisa is descended from a family of mirror makers based in Kyoto.
.....
My grandfather received a commission — from Kyoto University, if I recall correctly — to make a makkyo mirror. People wanted to know if it was possible to make makkyo in present times. My grandfather had been actively involved in crafting mirrors for Shinto shrines since even before the Meiji Restoration (1868), and he had a sample makkyo, so he was already familiar with the method, although he hadn’t attempted to reproduce one himself until then.
.....
- Read the rest of the interview here :
- source : kyotojournal.org/renewa -

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jigokudayuu jisu wa edi 「地獄太夫実ハ壊泥」the famous Geisha turned hell monster
IRON MAIDEN アイアン・メイデン

source : mag.japaaan.com/archives

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磨なをす鏡も清し雪の花
togi-naosu kagami mo kiyoshi yuki no hana

Polished anew
the holy mirror too is clear–
blossoms of snow
Tr. Shirane

Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉

. WKD : kagami 鏡 mirror .

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

磨なをす鏡も清し雪の花
togi-naosu kagami mo kiyoshi yuki no hana

Polished anew
the holy mirror too is clear–
blossoms of snow
Tr. Shirane

Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉

. WKD : kagami 鏡 mirror .

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