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8/25/2019

Tohoku Kaido highways

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. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
under construction
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Tohoku no Kaido　東北の街道 Highways in Tohoku
There are a few books about this popular subject.

東北の街道渡辺信夫 Watanabe Nobuo

みちのく街道史
渡辺信夫

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- quote
東北の道
東北の道　概説（その１　古代）
１　古代の陸道
２　蝦夷の道 Ezo no Michi
３　古代の海の道
４　阿倍比羅夫の道 Abe no Hirabu (Hirafu) no Michi (Hirafu, 575 - 664)
５　渤海使の道 Hokkaishi no Michi (used around 728 - 922 by people from Korea)

東北の道　概説（その２　平泉政権と奥大道）
１　古代の官道整備と平泉政権を支えた道
２　奥大道 - Oku no Daido
３　北方世界と奥大道
４　奥大道の貫通時期
５　奥大道の意義

東北の道　概説（その３　中世）
just a map

東北の道　概説（その４・完　近世）
１　街道の整備
２　交流の活発化
３　水運と人馬の交流
- source and details : plaza.rakuten.co.jp/odazuma...

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奥大道 - Oku no Daido
古代の陸奥国の幹線的官道は，下野国から白河関をこえて陸奥国に入り，陸奥国を縦に貫く道である(東山道)。
そのコースは，中世にも〈奥大道〉などと呼ばれて，基本的に変わることなく受けつがれた。それはまず阿武隈川の谷を北上し，宮城･福島県境の厚樫（あつかし）山(阿津賀志山)をこえて国府の多賀城に達し，そこからは奥羽山脈の東麓を北上して平泉に出，北上川沿いに北進して蝦夷地に達する。
- kotobank -

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. Akita no Kaido 秋田の街道 Highways in Akita prefecture .

. Aomori no Kaido 青森の街道 Highways of Aomori prefecture .

Fukushima

Iwate

. Miyagi no Kaido 宮城県の街道 Highways of Miyagi prefecture .

Yamagata

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Tohoku Sakura Kaido 東北夢の桜街道 Cherry Blossom Highways in Tohoku
桜の札所八十八ヵ所」

One detailed page for each prefecture.
- reference source : - tohoku-sakurakaido.jp...-

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8/24/2019

Ise Kaido Pilgrim Roads

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
. Isemairi, Ise Mairi 伊勢参り Pilgrimage to Ise - Legends .
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Ise no Kaido 伊勢の街道 Pilgrim roads to Ise
There were many popular pilgrims road to the Grand Shrine at Ise..
The main road from Edo to Ise is the
Ise Sangu Kaido 伊勢参宮街道 / 伊勢街道 Ise Kaido
Ise city 伊勢市, where the Shrine is located, used to be called Ujiyamada 宇治山田 Uji Yamada.

Ise Jingū 伊勢神宮 Ise Jingu, Grand Shrine at Ise .
- Introduction -

. Isemairi, Ise Mairi 伊勢参り Pilgrimage to Ise - Legends .

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Ise udon 伊勢うどん served at the shrine Ise Jingu 　
They are rather thick with mochigome glutinous rice.
They come with a thick "black" soy sauce broth, and a few cut leek rings.

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Ise Sangu Kaido 伊勢参宮街道 / 伊勢街道 Ise Kaido

Leaving the Tokaido at 日永の追分 Hinaga no Oiwake, leading to Ise.
Passing 白子 Shirako, 津 Tsu, 松阪 Matsuzaka and 斎宮 Saiku (Saigu).
About 70 km. Now mostly Highway 428.
Saiku, also called Itsuki-no-miya, was a shrine in a village located approximately 10 kilometers north-west of Ise Shrine,

Next after Oiwake on the Tokaido is
. Nr. 42 - Kuwana-juku 桑名宿 Kuwana postal station .

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Ise Betsu Kaido 伊勢別街道
Also called
「いせみち」Isemichi, 「参宮道」Sangumichi, 「山田道」Yamadamichi
There were many postal stations along this road, used by many people coming from Kyoto to Ise.

Leaving the the Tokaido at Seki 関宿, via 椋本宿 Mukumoto (Tsu city), 津市一身田 Isshinden in Tsu,
back to the main Ise Kaido at 江戸橋 Edobashi in Tsu city.
At the bridge Edobashi there was a large stone lantern, to keep the place light even at night.

. Sekijuku 関宿 Seki Shukuba Postal Station .

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Ise Hon Kaido, Honkaido 伊勢本街道
From Osaka, Shrine 玉造稲荷神社 Tamatsukuri Inari Jinja, passing 榛原 Haibara, 御杖村 Mitsue village, 横野 Yokono, 奥津 Okutsu, (津市）Tsu city leading to Ise.

- - - - - There are many shido 支道 branch roads leading to the main Ise Kaido.

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Iga Kaido 伊賀街道 Iga Kaido
Connecting Ise with Iga Ueno.
From 津 Tsu via the pass 橡ノ木峠 Tochinoki Toge (also called 長野峠 Nagano Toge, 美里 Misato town
to 伊賀国上野 Iga Ueno.
About 50 km. Now National Highway Nr. 163.
A crossing point was at present-day 松阪市中林町 Matsusaka city, Nakabayashi.

- - - - - A road taken by Matsuo Basho 芭蕉が歩いた伊賀の街道
（1）長野峠（美里村平木～大山田村上阿波1）Pass Nagano Toge
（2）長野峠（美里村平木～大山田村上阿波2）Pass Nagano Toge
（3）平松宿（大山田村平松～下阿波）Hiramatsu juku postal station
（4）平田宿（大山田村中村～平田）Hirata juku
（5）荒木（上野市荒木～西明寺）Araki, Temple Saimyoji
（6）上野（上野市西明寺）Ueno, Temple Saimyoji
- reference source : ict.ne.jp/~basho/guide... -

Igagoe Naramichi 伊賀越奈良道 Road crossing Iga to Nara
Includes most of the roads mentioned below:
伊勢国から伊賀国上野へ至る街道である大和街道・伊賀街道・奈良街道と、伊賀国上野から山城国を経て大和国奈良へ至る街道である笠置街道の総称。奈良街道や伊勢参宮街道に含まれる。
- wikipedia -

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Hase Kaido 初瀬街道
From Hase (in Sakurai city, Nara) to 松阪 Matsuzaka in Mie. The modern spelling of Hase is 長谷.
Also called
Sangu Ura Kaido 参宮表街道 "back road to the Ise Shrine"
Now National Highway Nr. 165.
Exists since about 672, the jinshin no ran 壬申の乱 "war of succession" in the Asuka period.
The main stations are
桜井市 - Sakurai city - 初瀬 Hase
宇陀市 - Uda city - 萩原 Hagihara（伊勢本街道との分岐・追分）
名張市 - Nabari city - 鹿高 Kataka, 名張 Nabari, 新田 Shinden
伊賀市 - Iga city - 阿保 Abo (伊勢路)
津市 - Tsu city - 垣内 Kaido, 二本木 Nihongi, 大仰 Ogyo and 八太 Hatta.
松阪市 - Matsuzaka city - 六軒 Rokken

. Hasedera 長谷寺 Temple Hase-Dera / はつせ Hatsuse .

初瀬街道まつり　Hase Kaido Festival
Held in 奈良県桜井市長谷 Hase, Sakurai city, Nara.
- reference source : igayaki.or.jp... -

Jinshin War (壬申の乱 jinshin no ran)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Kasagi Kaido 笠置街道 Kasagi Highway .
From 伊賀上野 Iga Ueno to 笠置山 Kasagiyama.
Kasagidera 笠置寺 Temple Kasagi-Dera

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Kamitsumichi 上ツ道 / 上街道 Kami Kaido
An old kandoo 官道 road for officials.
Since the Asuka period, leading from North to South through the plain of Nara.
From 奈良市 Nara to 天理市 Tenri to 桜井市 Sakurai
Now Highway 169.

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Nara Kaido 奈良街道
Also called
Yamato Kaido 大和街道
From Osaka, Shrine 玉造稲荷神社 Tamatsukuri Inare Jinja to 桜井 Sakurai (Nara), then joining the
Hase Kaido 初瀬街道
at 宇陀市 Uda city, on to Ise.

On the way was a pass to cross over, with its own name
Kuragarigoe Nara Kaido (Kuragoshi, Kurayami) 暗越奈良街道（くらがりごえならかいどう）
The pass 暗峠 Kuragari Toge is 455 m high.
One of the 日本の道100選 100 famous roads of Japan.
There was also the pass 榁木峠 Muronoki Toge (268 m) to cross on the way and
追分梅林 Oiwake Bairin, plum tree forest at Oiwake, 1912 Owadacho, Nara.

浪花百景より : 玉造 Tamatsukuri
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- - - - - Along the Nara Kaido are more sub-roads :

Fushimi Kaido 伏見街道
Furutsutsumi Kaido 古堤街道
Jusan Kaido 十三街道
Kiyotaki Kaido 清滝街道
Ooto Kaido おおと街道
Shuntoku Kaido 俊徳街道
Takeda Kaido 竹田街道
Tateishi Kaido 立石街道
Tatsutagoe Nara Kaido 竜田越奈良街道

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. Kaido 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .

. oonyuudoo 大入道 Onyudo, O-Nyudo legends .
A man saw a a strange monster with a green face near the Rokujizoo, roku jizo 六地蔵 Statues of Six Jizo Bosatsu along the 奈良街道 Nara Kaido. He ran home in great fear. He had seen O-Nyudo.
- - - - -
. tanuki 狸 / mujina 狢 racoon dog, badger legends .
When Hayashi san was still a child, he often heard stories about people traveling along 奈良街道 the Nara Kaido at night, having their fish stolen by a Tanuki.

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. Takenouchi Kaido 竹内街道 / 竹ノ内街道 .
also called
Yoko-Ooji 横大路 Yoko-Oji, Yokooji

- source and many photos : matsubara city -
難波大道 Naniwa Daido

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Yamato Kaido 大和街道
- see above, Nara Kaido.

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Yamanobe no michi 山辺の道 / 山辺道
One of the old Yamato Kaido roads.
Through the Nara plain to the sacred 三輪山 Mount Miwasan and then to 春日山 Mount Kasugayama.
From Nara to Sakurai, and then on to Ise.

- Look at the large map here:
- reference source : nishida-s.com..yamanobenomichi... -

- quote -
The Yamanobe-no-Michi trail
passes through some of Nara’s most historic areas. It is dotted with shrines, temples and ancient tombs. Along the way are many cafes, rest stops and fruit stands in the summer.
... from Tenri to Sakurai takes three to four hours ...
- reference source : visitnara.jp/destinations... yamanobe-no-michi... -

. Miwa san, Miwa yama 三輪山 Mount Miwa .
Shrine Omiwa Jinja 大三輪神社 // Temple Omiwadera 大三輪寺

. Kasuga Taisha 春日大社 Great Shrine in Kasuga .

. Isonokami Jingu 石上神宮 Isonokami Shrine .
The shrine is at the northern end of the Yamanobe no michi, the oldest road in Japan.

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安永餅 Yasunaga mochi

- Mochi Kaido 餅街道 Road of the rice cakes -
From 桑名 Kuwana until the Ise Shrine.
There are many tea stalls on the roadside serving tea and rice cakes. They all have a special taste to offer and are very popular to our day.
There are also many tea stalls along the nearby road to Kumano 熊野街道.
Kuwana was known as Juraku no tsu 十楽の津.

お餅でつなぐ伊勢街道＆その手は桑名の都まんじゅう
- reference source : kuwanacci.com/20151024-25motiura... -

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...................................................................... A legend from Nagano 長野県
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下伊那郡 Shimoina district 阿南町 Anan town

okuwa sama, o-kuwa sama オクワ様 / 鍬 venerable hoe
The reason why O-Kuwa sama is venerated:
Around 1860 a group of politicians wanting change started from the Shrine 皇太神宮 Kotai Jingu in Ise. They walked along all the villages of the 伊勢街道 Ise Kaido, carrying the hoe in a palanquin, singing local songs, performing shishimai 獅子舞 lion dances and tried to involve the villagers.
They were not allowed to pass the sekisho 関所 barrier station at 帯川 Obikawa, so they left all their tools there and went back home.
Now they venerate O-Kuwa Sama only in years with a good harvest.

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

. Ise Shrine and its KIGO .

. O-Ise-Mairi, Ise Mairi 伊勢参り Ise Shrine Pilgrimage .
Ise sanguu 伊勢参宮（いせさんぐう）
O-kage mairi お陰参り　（おかげまいり）"Thanks pilgrimage" or "blessing pilgrimage"
nuke mairi 抜参（ぬけまいり）leaving secretly and beg your way to Ise
isekoo 伊勢講（いせこう）Ise Shrine Group
saka mukae 坂迎え（さかむかえ）

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8/23/2019

Takenouchi Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Takenouchi Kaido 竹内街道 / 竹ノ内街道 Takenouchi Highway
also called
Yoko-Ooji 横大路 Yoko-Oji, Yokooji
Now mostly highway 166.

竹内街道1400年記念パンフレット
- reference source : city.katsuragi.nara.jp... -

From 大阪府堺市 Sakai in Osaka past the foot of 二上山 Futagamisan via
the pass 竹内峠 Takenouchi Toge (286 m) on the border to Nara
and on to 奈良県葛城市 Katsuragi in Nara.
About 26 km. From there on to Ise.
This old road is already mentioned in the 日本書紀 Nihon Shoki records.
History knows that Prince 聖徳太子 Shotoku Taishi crossed the pass on his way from the temple
Shitenno-Ji 四天王寺 to 飛鳥 Asuka.

Takenouchi Kaido entrance　竹ノ内街道

- quote -
Japan’s Oldest National Highway with a History of 1400 Years
On the days of the spring and autumn equinoxes, the sun rises from Mt. Miwa, passes above Mt. Nijo, and sets in Osaka Bay. For this reason, the straight road from Osaka in the east to Nara in the west is known as the ‘Road of the Sun’.
The ‘Road of the Sun’, which is over 20 meters wide, was built by Emperor Suiko in 613 AD. In ancient times, missionaries from China arrived in Asuka City through Naniwa (present-day Osaka) along this road and introduced technology and Buddhist culture.
During the Middle Ages,
the road connected many important trading towns, and in modern times it has flourished as a way station for people traveling on pilgrimages to the Grand Shrine of Ise in Mie Prefecture.
The Takenouchi Kaido/Yokooji historic road offers travellers, depending on the location, a fascinating variety of scenes and experiences.
Visitors to the heritage sites along this road will be able to encounter and appreciate the historical changes in the area over the past fourteen centuries.
- source : japan-heritage.bunka.go.jp... -

- quote -
Daido　大道
Spanning a length of around 26 kilometers, the Takenouchi Kaido is the oldest major road in Japan with a history of 1400 years.
Designated a Japan Heritage, this old walking route linked the port city of Sakai with today's Nara Prefecture and became an important part of the road network connecting Osaka to the ancient capital of Asuka. On the spring and autumn equinoxes, the road roughly maps the route of the sun from sunrise to sunset.
Parts of the old route still remain,
and visitors can take a walk through time to see some of the things that the ancient travelers would also have seen, as well as other historical monuments and buildings related to the days of old. On this trip, I checked out some places near and along the Takenouchi Kaido, taking in the cultural sights as well as local delights. ...
... Sakai is known as a merchant and a craft city, and one of the major industries in Sakai is forging blades.
... Habikino City - Konda Hachimangu ...
... One of the many interesting features of the Takenouchi Kaido route is the presence of burial tombs of past emperors, known as kofun, and my walk took me past the keyhole-shaped Hakuchoryo Kofun. According to Nihon Shoki which is one of the oldest written records, this burial mound is said to be where the legendary prince Yamato Takeru visited. He apparently flew to that spot after turning into a swan following his death in Ise. ...
... Taishi Town ... Eifukuji Temple and the former Yamada Village.
These days, the area that makes up Yamada Village is a small neighbourhood east of the temple and near the base of Mount Nijo, a mountain easily identified by its twin peaks. The main street in the village, which is part of the Takenouchi Kaido, is narrow with just enough space for a single car to pass. There, I visited the small Takenouchi Kaido Road Historical Museum which has displays of the route as well as excavated remains that were unearthed in Taishi Town.
... Katsuragi City - Temple Taimadera,
... Yamato Takada City
... Kashihara City - Kashihara Jingu Shrine constructed in 1890...
... Asuka Village
Asuka Village is often referred to as the birthplace of Japan as a nation, ... Temple Asukadera ... Amakashi no oka Hill ...
... Sakurai City - Omiwa Jinja Shrine
This shrine is said to be one of the oldest in Japan, and its object of worship is not a deity but a holy mountain,
- source and many photos : japan-guide Raina Ong -

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- Homepage of the Takenouchi Highway
- reference source : takenouchikaidou... -

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- source and many photos : matsubara city-
難波大道 Naniwa daido

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. Prince Yamato Takeru 日本武尊 .
(circa 72 - 114)

. Prince Shotoku Taishi 聖徳太子 (574 - 622) .

. Mount Katsuragisan 葛城山 .
and the deity Hitokotonushi 一言主

. Shrine Kashihara Jingu 橿原神宮 .

. Shrine Konda Hachimanguu 譽田八幡宮 .
It is said to be the oldest Hachimangu Shrine in Japan, dedicated to Emperor Oojin 応神天皇,
later to become deified as Hachiman himself.

. Shrine Omiwa Jinja 大三輪神社 .

. Temple Taimadera 当麻寺 / 當麻寺 .
on Mount Futagamisan (Futakamisan)

. Ise no Kaido 伊勢の街道 Pilgrim roads to Ise .

. Sumiyoshi Kaido 住吉街道 Sumiyoshi Highway - starting in Osaka .

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Kyoto, Fushimi 京都市伏見区

sekitoo 石塔 / セキトウ / shakutoo しゃくとう stone pagoda / 五輪の塔婆
South of 下鳥羽 Shimo-Toba, in the East of 横大路村街道 the Yoko-Oji there is the Shrine 飛鳥田神社 Asukata Jinja.
During the annual grand festival, the otabisho 御旅所 resting place for the Mikoshi, is arranged under the large enoki 榎 nettle tree.
There is a stone pagoda of about 1.50 meter.
In former times this was the grave marker of the village elder, but it would produce strange and weird things.
Once a brave Samurai cut it in half with his large sword. Oh wonder, blood begun to flow out of the wound.
And then the village was quiet again.

- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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8/21/2019

hamakaido coastal roads

浜街道 - 「絹の道」のはなし
馬場喜信

under construction
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Biwako Sazanami Kaido 琵琶湖さざなみ街道 along lake Biwako
(Part of the Nakasendo 中山道)
Now Route 185
- reference source : kkr.mlit.go.jp/road... -

. kinu no michi 絹の道 the Silk Road .
from Hachioji to Yokohama

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Chugoku Kaido 中国街道 / 中国路 Chugoku ji / Chugoku Hama Kaido 浜街道
From the center of Osaka 大坂城下高麗橋 connecting to the 西国街道 Saigoku Kaido.
via 難波橋 Naniwabashi, 十三の渡し Juso no watashi, 神崎の渡し Kanzaki no watashi, 大物浦 Daimono Ura, 尼崎城下 Amagasaki castle town

Some sources call the 西国街道 Saikoku Kaido also Chugoku Kaido.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Sanyo Kaido 山陽街道 Sanyo Highway and 西国街道 Saigoku Kaido .
- - - - - Chugoku Kaido 中国街道, Chugokuji 中国路, Sanyoji 山陽路
- - - - -Tokugawamichi, Tokugawa michi 徳川道 Road for Tokugawa

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. Higashi Sanuki Hamakaido 東讃浜街道 .

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. Hokkoku Hamakaido 北国浜街道 . #

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Kesen Michi 気仙道　/ 東浜街道　Higashi Hamakaido
Connecting Sendai city in Miagi and Aomori city.
Now National Highway 54.

- Postal stations
01 - 広淵宿（陸奥国桃生郡）－宮城県石巻市 - Hirobuchi (in Ichinomaki) - Miyagi
和淵宿（陸奥国桃生郡）－宮城県石巻市 - Wabuchi
神取宿（陸奥国桃生郡）－宮城県石巻市 - Kandori
寺崎宿（陸奥国桃生郡）－宮城県石巻市 - Terasaki
柳津宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県登米市 - Yanaizu
横山宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県登米市 - Yokoyama
折立宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県本吉郡南三陸町 - Oritate
志津川宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県本吉郡南三陸町 - Shizugawa
伊里前宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県本吉郡南三陸町 - Isatomae
小泉宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県気仙沼市 - Koizumi
大谷宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県気仙沼市 - Oya
気仙沼宿（陸奥国本吉郡）－宮城県気仙沼市 - Kesennuma

今泉宿（陸奥国気仙郡）－岩手県陸前高田市 - Imaizumi - Iwate
高田宿（陸奥国気仙郡）－岩手県陸前高田市 - Takada
盛宿（陸奥国気仙郡）－岩手県大船渡市 - Mori
吉浜宿（陸奥国気仙郡）－岩手県大船渡市 - Yoshihama
17 - 唐丹宿（陸奥国気仙郡）－岩手県釜石市 - Toni (in Kamaishi)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Kyoshigoe Kaido 孝子越街道.
A beach byroad of the 紀州街道 Kishu Kaido.

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Niida Kaido 新井田街道　/ 新井田浜街道
From 八戸市 Hachinohe in Aomori to 九戸郡洋野町 Kunohe district in Iwate.
- Postal stations
八戸城下 Hachinohe
新井田 Niida
道仏 Dobutsu
種市 Taneichi

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Rikuzen Hamakaido 陸前浜街道
From Arakawa ward, Tokyo to Miyagi 宮城県岩沼市 Iwanuma city
Part of National Highwy Nr. 06.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Sanriku Hamakaido 三陸浜街道
Part of National Highway Nr. 45.
From Kesennuma in Miyagi to Hachinohe in Aomori.
with many postal stations
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Umibe suji 海辺筋　Roads alont the sea
part of the 釜石街道 Kamaishi Kaido (and Sanriku Kaido)
陸路の主要街道　：
奥州街道筋 Oshu Kaido
秋田街道筋 Akita Kaido
津軽街道筋 Tsugaru Kaido
三戸・鹿角街道筋 Sannohe / Kazuno Kaido
釜石街道・海辺筋 Kamaishi Kaido / Umibesuji
宮古街道筋 Miyako Kaido
小本街道筋 Omoto Kaido
野田・沼宮内街道 Noda / Numakunai Kaido
花巻・遠野街道筋 Hanamaki / Tono Kaido
浄法寺街道 Johoji Kaido
北浜街道 Kitahama Kaido
田名部街道 Tanabu Kaido
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA 盛岡藩 !

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. Ushu Hamakaido 羽州浜街道 .

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Miyagi Hamakaido 宮城浜街道 and 儀八郎 Gihachiro .

..............................................................................................................................................

- reference : nichibun yokai database -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

鯛網や浜街道は山に入り
tai-ami ya hamakaidoo wa yama ni iri

this sea bream net -
the beach road turns
into the mountains

. 内田百間 Uchida Hyakken (1889 — 1971) .

.......................................................................

枯萱に塩の色あり浜街道
kare kaya ni shio no iro ari hamakaido

withred pampaps grass
has the color of salt
along the beach road

高橋圭爾 Takahashi Keiji

.......................................................................

野水仙浜街道の風匂ふ
勝見玲子

薫風や汀小高み浜街道
尾崎迷堂

浜街道鮟鱇鍋の幟立つ
平山節子

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8/20/2019

Ushu Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Ushu Kaido, Ushū Kaidō 羽州街道 Ushu Highway
a sub-route of the Ōshū Kaidō and the Sendaidō

From Fukushima via Yamagata to Akita and on to Aomori.
- connecting to the
. Oshu Kaido 奥州街道 .
and the
. Sendaidoo 仙台道　Sendaidō, Sendaido Highway .

- quote -
The 57 post stations along the Ushū Kaidō
are listed below in order and are divided by their modern-day prefecture. The present day municipality is listed afterwards in parentheses. (Actual post stations are indicated with numbers.
Ai no shuku are indicated with ---.)

Fukushima Prefecture
Starting location: Kōri-juku (桑折宿) (Koori, Date District) (also part of the Sendaidō)
01. Kosaka-juku (小坂宿) (Kunimi, Date District)

Miyagi Prefecture
2. Kamitozawa-juku (上戸沢宿) (Shiroishi)
3. Shimotozawa-juku (下戸沢宿) (Shiroishi)
4. Watarase-juku (渡瀬宿) (Shichikashuku, Katta District)
5. Seki-juku (関宿) (Shichikashuku, Katta District)
6. Nametsu-juku (滑津宿) (Shichikashuku, Katta District)
7. Tōgeta-juku (峠田宿) (Shichikashuku, Katta District)
8. Yunohara-juku (湯原宿) (Shichikashuku, Katta District)
--- Hikaba-juku (干蒲宿) (Shichikashuku, Katta District)

Yamagata Prefecture
--- Kanayama-juku (金山宿) (Kaminoyama)
09. Narage-juku (楢下宿) (Kaminoyama)
10. Kaminoyama-juku (上山宿) (Kaminoyama)
--- Kurosawa-juku (黒沢宿) (Yamagata)
11. Matsubara-juku (松原宿) (Yamagata)
12. Yamagata-juku (山形宿) (Yamagata)
13. Tendō-juku (天童宿) (Tendō)
--- Rokuta-juku (六田宿) (Higashine)
--- Miyazaki-juku (宮崎宿) (Higashine)
14. Tateoka-juku (楯岡宿) (Murayama)
--- Motoiida-juku (本飯田宿) (Murayama)
--- Tochiuda-juku (土生田宿) (Murayama)
15. Obanazawa-juku (尾花沢宿) (Obanazawa)
16. Nakisawa-juku (名木沢宿) (Obanazawa)
17. Funagata-juku (舟形宿) (Funagata, Mogami District)
18. Shinjō-juku (新庄宿) (Shinjō)
19. Kaneyama-juku (金山宿) (Kaneyama, Mogami District)
--- Nakada-juku (中田宿) (Kaneyama, Mogami District)
20. Nozoki-juku (及位宿) (Mamurogawa, Mogami District)

. Ushu Kaido stations in Akita 秋田 .
from
21. Innai-juku (院内宿) (Yuzawa)
to
51. Shakanai-juku (釈迦内宿) (Ōdate)

Aomori Prefecture
52. Ikarigaseki-juku (碇ヶ関宿) (Hirakawa)
53. Ōwani-juku (大鰐宿) (Ōwani, Minamitsugaru District)
54. Hirosaki-juku (弘前宿) (Hirosaki)
55. Fujisaki-juku (藤崎宿) (Fujisaki, Minamitsugaru District)
56. Namioka-juku (浪岡宿) (Aomori)
57. Shinjō-juku (新城宿) (Aomori)
Ending location:
Aburakawa-juku (油川宿) (Aomori) (also part of the Matsumaedō)

- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- Photos of the postal stations:
- - - In the WIKIPEDIA !

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Ushu Hamakaido 羽州浜街道 coastal road of Ushu
From Nezugaseki in Yamagata to Kubota in Akita.

- Postal stations
鼠ヶ関宿（山形県鶴岡市鼠ヶ関）Nezugaseki - Yamagata
温海宿（山形県鶴岡市温海）Atsumi
大山宿（山形県鶴岡市大山）Oyama
浜中宿（山形県酒田市浜中）Hamanaka
酒田宿（山形県酒田市）Sakata
吹浦宿（山形県飽海郡遊佐町吹浦）Fukura
金浦宿（秋田県にかほ市金浦）Konoura - Akita
本荘宿（秋田県由利本荘市）Honjo
亀田宿（秋田県由利本荘市）Kameda
久保田宿（秋田県秋田市）Kubota (Akita)

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source : papersky.jp/2011...

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羽州街道をゆく Ushu Kaido o Yuku - walking the Ushu Kaido
藤原優太郎 Fujiwara Yutaro

.......................................................................

- quote
羽州街道交流会
- source : ushukaido.com...

under construction
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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Yamagata 山形県

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake .
In the village of Kaison in the Okitama district 羽州置賜郡開村
there lived a huge serpent which had swallowed a kuma 熊 bear. The bear tore off the mouth of the serpent and run away.
But the bones of this serpent remained. People were afraid of the bones and nobody dared to touch them.
- - - - -
shirosaru 白猿 a white monkey
On Ushu there was an office for the mountain workers, where 大山十郎 Oyama Juro worked.
In the year 1818, he took out his family heirloom sword and held it into the wind.
There came a white monkey of about 1 meter hight, took the sword away and fled.
Oyama Juro and his fellow workers run after the monkey, but lost sight of him in the mountain forest.
Next day they searched in the mountain with more people, found the monkey with the sword around his body. The monkey took the sword to fight, but the humans could not hit his body at all. They could not even hit him with a bullet. It must have been a divine monkey.

. saru 猿と伝説 Legends about monkeys - Affen .

.......................................................................
最上市 Mogami city

. Genno Osho 玄翁和尚 the Priest Genno (1329 - 1400) .
and the voice of a frog

.......................................................................
羽州米沢市 Ushu Yonezawa city

busshoo 仏声 the voice of Buddha
Once there was a long hideri 日照り drought, so the monks of a temple went up to a high mountain and begun to chant 仏典 the Buddhist sutras, the voice of Buddha.
A few days later rain begun to fall.
- - - - -
kiji 雉 pheasant
In one village near Yonezawa there was a man who could not eat pheasant meat.
When he tried he always got a stomach ache.
- - - - -
noroi 呪い a curse
Near 百子沢 Hyakkozawa in the North of Yonezawa three was a small pond.
Once upon a time, there was the estate of a rich man who had a servant woman with very long hair.
Once she made a mistake and her angry master wanted to kill. She run away and jumped into the pond, calling out she would take revenge on the master.
His family soon died out and all became this cursed pond.
- - - - -
rei 霊 spirit
In Yonezawa there lived a man called 町田弥五四郎 Machida Yagoshiro.
He went to pray at the temple every day and enjoyed a talk with the priest on his way back. Wven when he became ill he kept going to the temple.
Then the priest of the temple heard the news that Yagoshiro had died some time ago.
Now he knew that the spirit of Yagoshiro had come to visit him all the time, when the man was ill and after he had died.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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8/18/2019

Miyako Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Miyako Kaido 宮古街道 Miyako Highway
Iwate 岩手県
from Morioka to the daikansho 代官所 government official's residence
in the coastal town Miyako
from 宮古湊Miyako Minato harbour to 浦鍬ヶ崎村 Kuwagasaki village.

Also called
isaba no michi 五十集の道（いさば）/ 磯場の道 beach road

From Morioka over the pass 区界峠 Kuzakai Toge

also called
閉伊街道 Hei Kaido.
- Postal stations :

盛岡城下（岩手県盛岡市）　（岩手郡盛岡）Morioka Joka
築川　　（岩手県盛岡市）　（岩手郡簗川村）Morioka Chikugawa
田代　　（岩手県宮古市）　（閉伊郡田代村）- Hei district - Tashiro
門馬　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡門馬村）- Kadoma
平津戸　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡平津戸村）- Hiratsuto
川内　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡川内村）- Kawauchi
箱石　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡箱石村）- Hakoishi
川井　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡川井村）- Kawai
古田　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡古田村）- Futta
腹帯　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡腹帯（はらたい）村）- Haratai
茂市　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡茂市（もいち）村）- Moichi
蟇目　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡蟇目（ひきめ）村）- Hirame
花原市　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡花原市（けばらいち）村）- Gebaraichi
根城　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡老木村根城（ねじょう））- Nejo
田鎖　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡田鎖（たくさり）村）- Takusari
千徳　　（　〃　　〃　）　（閉伊郡千徳（せんとく）村）- Sentoku
宮古　　（岩手県宮古市）　（閉伊郡宮古村）- Miyako

. Kakunodate Kaido 角館街道 .

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isabadonya 五十集問屋 wholesale dealers in seafood
Many lived in 盛岡城下 Morioka Joka ("below the castle of Morioka)

replica of Morioka Castle

- quote -
Morioka Castle (盛岡城 Morioka-jō)
is a hirayama-style Japanese castle constructed in 1611.
It was the seat of the Nanbu clan, a tozama daimyō clan who ruled over Morioka Domain, Mutsu Province in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. The castle is located in what is now central Morioka, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. It was also referred to as Kozukata Castle (不来方城 Kozukata-jō), but strictly speaking this name pertains to the predecessor of Morioka Castle on the same site.
- Location
The confluence of the Kitakami River and the Nakatsu River was of strategic importance in control of river traffic in central Ōshū.
The location of the castle was also intended to control traffic on the Ōshū Kaidō highway from the capital to the northern end of Honshū.
- History
Because of its strategic geographic position, the area around Morioka had been regarded as the centre of northern Ōshū since the construction of nearby Shiwa Castle by the Yamato dynasty in the early Heian period.
The area was later contested between the Abe clan and the Kiyohara clan in the Former Nine Years War, and it is believed that the first fortification had been erected on this site by the Kiyohara clan. The Kiyohara were destroyed by the Northern Fujiwara of Hiraizumi, who in turn were destroyed by the Minamoto clan of the Kamakura shogunate. The area then came under the control of the Kudo clan, who were retainers of the Minamoto. During the Muromachi period, the Kudo clan was divided between supporters of Emperor Go-Daigo and supporters of the Ashikaga clan, and were thus displaced by the Nanbu clan, who had already been established to the north. ...

不来方のお城の草に寝ころびて空に吸はれし十五の心
Kozukata no oshiro no kusa ni nekorobite sora ni suwareshi jū-go no kokoro
I laid down on the grass of the Kozukata Castle,
absorbed by the sky; my heart of fifteen

Takuboku Ishikawa 石川啄木 Ishikawa Takuboku (1886 - 1912)

- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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8/16/2019

Akita Kaido Highways

- reference source : thr.mlit.go.jp/akita/jimusyo... -

Many routes were use for
. 参勤交代 Sankin Kotai - Daimyo attendance in Edo .
from the local castle towns to the main Kaido connecting with Edo.

. Ōshū Kaidō 奥州街道 Oshu Kaido .
connecting Edo with Tohoku

..............................................................................................................................................

. Ushu Kaido, Ushū Kaidō 羽州街道 Ushu Highway .
- Postal stations in Akita:

21. Innai-juku (院内宿) (Yuzawa)
22. Yokobori-juku (横堀宿) (Yuzawa)
23. Yuzawa-juku (湯沢宿) (Yuzawa)
24. Yokote-juku (横手宿) (Yokote)
25. Kanezawa-juku (金沢宿) (Yokote)
26. Rokugō-juku (六郷宿) (Misato, Senboku District)
27. Omagari-juku (大曲宿) (Daisen)
28. Jingūji-juku (神宮寺宿) (Daisen)
29. Kariwano-juku (刈和野宿) (Daisen)
--- Kamiyodokawa-juku (上淀川宿) (Daisen)

30. Sakai-juku (境宿) (Daisen)
--- Wada-juku (和田宿) (Akita)
31. Toshima-juku (豊島宿) (Akita)
32. Kubota-juku (久保田宿) (Akita)
33. Tsuchizakiminato-juku (土崎湊宿) (Akita)
34. Okubo-juku (大久保宿) (Katagami)
35. Abukawa-juku (虻川宿) (Katagami)
36. Okawa-juku (大川宿) (Gojōme, Minamiakita District)
37. Hitoichi-juku (一日市宿) (Hachirōgata, Minamiakita District)
38. Kado-juku (鹿渡宿) (Mitane, Yamamoto District)
39. Morioka-juku (森岡宿) (Mitane, Yamamoto District)

40. Toyooka-juku (豊岡宿) (Mitane, Yamamoto District)
41. Hiyama-juku (檜山宿) (Noshiro)
42. Tsurugata-juku (鶴形宿) (Noshiro)
43. Tobine-juku (飛根宿) (Noshiro)
44. Niageba-juku (荷上場宿) (Noshiro)
45. Kotsunagi-juku (小繋宿) (Noshiro)
46. Imaizumi-juku (今泉宿) (Kitaakita)
47. Maeyama-juku (前山宿) (Kitaakita)
48. Tsuzureko-juku (綴子宿) (Kitaakita)
49. Kawaguchi-juku (川口宿) (Ōdate)
50. Odate-juku (大館宿) (Ōdate)
51. Shakanai-juku (釈迦内宿) (Ōdate)

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. Ani Kaido 阿仁街道 .
and the Sumitomo silver mines

Gojome Kaido 五城目街道
From Gojome City via 阿仁 Ani village to 米内沢 Yonaizawa Town. Used by the Ani silver mines.
Now National Highway 285.

Heiwa Kaido 平和街道
From 岩手県北上市 Kitakami city in Iwate to 秋田県横手市 Yokote city in Akita.
Part of National Highway 107.

Honjo Kaido 本荘街道
From 西馬音内 Nishimonai to the 羽州街道 Ushu Kaido (near 湯沢付 Yuzawa village).
Used for Sankin Kotai by the 六郷氏 Rokugo Clan.

Junisho Kaido 十二所街道
- also called 鹿角街道　Kazuno Kaido in Iwate.
Used for Sankin Kotai from the 久保田藩 Kubota Domain along 川口 Kawaguchi to Junisho. Then past Kakunodate to 滝沢 Takizawa in Iwate.
Also used by 藤原氏 the Fujiwara clan from 岩手県平泉町 Hiraizumi.
. Kazuno Kaido 鹿角街道 Kazuno Highway .

Kakunodate Kaido 角館街道
From 大曲宿 Omagari station via 長野宿 Nagano to the castle town of Kakunodate.
Used by the 戸沢氏 Tozawa clan for the army.
Now National Highway 46 and 105.
- - - - - . Miyako Kaido 宮古街道 Miyako Highway . - Iwate

Kameda Kaido 亀田街道
This highway was established in the Edo period by the 久保田藩 Kubota domain, from the town 刈和野 Kariwano to the town of Kameda.
It was a waki kaido 脇街道 byroad to the 川大内街道 Kawaono Kaido and used for Sankin Kotai.
It was also called Tonosama Kaido 殿様街道 "Kaido for the Daimyo".
It was used for the transportation of seafood and used by many travelers and pilgrims.
The three domaines of Kameda, Kubota and 矢島藩 Yashino bordered on this highway and they were often fighting for the territory.

Kariwano Kaido 刈和野街道
From the town of Kariwano to 角館 Kakunodate.
Mentioned in records of the Edo period from 1681.
Kariwano was an important station of the 羽州街道 Ushu Kaido.　It had the daikansho 代官所 government official's residence.
Goods could be transported via the river 雄物川 Omonogawa.

Kawaono Kaido 川大内街道
From the town of Kameda to Honjo, connecting to the Oshu Kaido.
Passing over the pass 駒泣峠 Komanakase Toge (Pass where the horses weep).
Mostly used by the 岩城家 Iwakishi clan for Sankin Kotai.

Kei Kaido 繋街道
From the hamlet Kei past the river 上淀川 Kamiyodokawa along the river 荒川 Arakawa to Kakunodate.
Mostly used to transport merchandise.
Nearby was the Arakawa koozan 荒川鉱山 Arakawa mine, supported by the 久保田藩 Kubota domain.

Numadate Kaido 沼館街道
A byroad to the Ushu Kaido. From 大曲 Omagari to the 角間川 river Kakumagawa, Numadate and on to 湯沢 Yuzawa.
The Daimyo of the 久保田藩 Kubota domain used it often. The river was useful for transporting merchandise.
Most stations were in 横手市 Yokote city.

Obonai Kaido 生保内街道
From 六郷 Rokugo, a postal station of the Ushu Kaido to 角館 Kakunodate.
Obonai village is now part of 仙北 Senboku.
The road was often used by the local Daimyo on their many war expeditions and is
one of the 100 historical roads, 歴史の道百選.

. Rekishi no Michi Hyakusen 歴史の道百選 100 historical roads .
森田敏隆 Morita Toshitaka

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Oga Kaido 男鹿街道
Leaving the Ushu Kaido at 追分 Oiwake to turn to 男鹿半島 the Oga peninsula harbour town 船川 Funakawa.
. Namahage なまはげ Monsters from Oga Peninsula. .

Omagoshi Kaido 大間越街道
Developed in the Edo period from the station and castle town 檜山宿 Hiyama on the Ushu Kaido with the temple 金光寺 Konko-Ji via 能代 Noshiro and 八森 Hachimori to the castle town 弘前 Hirosaki.
Noshiro was an important harbour town at the river 米代川 Yoneshirogawa, where the kitamaebune 北前船 trade ships for Hokkaido stopped.
The road from the temple Konko-Ji to Noshiro is also called
能代道 Noshiro michi.

Oyasu Kaido 小安街道
From the hamlet 十文字 Jumonji on the Ushu Kaido, leaving the 手倉街道 Tekura Kaido, then via 川連 Kawatsura, 稲庭 Inaniwa to 小安 Oyasu and then on to Miyagi prefecture.
This is an old road for warfare, already known at the time of the senkunen no eki 前九年の役 in the late Heian period and gosannen no eki 後三年の役 (1083).

In the Edo period the hot spring 小安温泉 Oyasu Onsen became quite popular and the road was frequented.
- quote -
Yuzawa city is located in the southeast of Akita Prefecture. In the city there are many hot springs.
The Oyasu Hot Spring Village is one of them, where you can see steam blowing out dynamically from the valley.

Yuzawa city is the home of Inaniwa udon noodle. Enjoy very smooth and beautiful noodles.
Furthermore, there is the traditional storage (Uchikura) in Masuda on the way from the Port of Akita to Yuzawa city.
- source : cruise-japan.jp/en... -

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- for large size - click here -
Raiman Kaido 来満街道
From 花輪 Hanawa via 毛馬内 Kemanai, 大湯 Oyu to 三戸 Sannohe, where 南部氏 the Daimyo of the Nanbu domaine used to reside.
The road was therefore also called
殿様道 Tonosama no Michi or 殿様街道 Tonosama Kaido, Highway for the Lord.
It was part (or another name) of the
三戸鹿角街道 Sannohe Kazsuno Kaido.
The pass 来満峠 Raiman Toge (611m) is on the road.
In the Edo period it was also used for transportation from the 尾去沢鉱山 Osarizawa mine.

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Shizukuishi Kaido 雫石街道
Connecting 盛岡 Morioka and 秋田 Akita
The road was wide, with trees on both sides and regular ichirizuka 一里塚 milestones.
生森一里塚 Oimori no Ichiri Zuka
Now at National Highway 46.
The mound is about 3 meters high and 12 meters in circumference.

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Tekura Kaido 手倉街道
From the hamlet 十文字 Jumonji on the Ushu Kaido via 増田 Masuda, 田子 Takko and the pass 手倉峠 Tekura Toge to 水沢 Mizuzawa, Iwate.
The road dates back to the times of
. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 (758 - 811) .
It was used for transportation and warfare from the Pacific ocean side of Japan to the Nihonkai 日本海 Sea of Japan side.
Mostly used for transportation of goods.

. Ushu Hamakaido 羽州浜街道 . - and - Ushu Kaido 羽州街道

Yajima Kaido 矢島街道
From the 本荘藩 Honjo domaine via the 矢島藩 Yajima domain, along the river 真室川 Mamurogawa
in 山形県 Yamagata.
Along the river 子吉川 Koyoshigawa.
It was used by the 生駒氏 Ikoma clan for Sankin Kotai.
From Honjo to 笹子 Sasago is the present-day highway Nr. 108.

source : blog.goo.ne.jp/kayaba_1938...

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- source and many photos : akitabi.com...

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In Iwate there are connections to

岩崎街道 Iwasaki Kaido
沢内街道 Sawauchi Kaido

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Miyazawa Kenji "Akita Highway" (Akita kaido)
宮沢賢治

. Kenji Miyazawa 宮沢賢治, Miyazawa Kenji .
(1896 - 1933)

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