Edo - the EDOPEDIA -

12/12/2019

Hyuga Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Hyuga Kaido 日向街道 / Hyuga Okan 日向往還 Hyuga Highway
a part is also called
Bungo Michi 豊後道 Bungo road
From Oita via Miyazaki to Kagoshima.

日 means the sun // 向 means direction　- "facing the sun"

Miyazaki, 宮崎県, the former Hyuga province 日向国 was also called
日州（にっしゅう）Nisshu
向州（こうしゅう）Koshu

The part of the road running through Hyuga (Miyazaki) is the main part of this highway.

●府内○府内城○西寒多神社 Funai (Oita)
●小野市　Onoichi

●延岡 Nobeoka (Miyazaki)
●高千穂 Takachiho ○天岩戸神社○高千穂峡○高千穂神社 Shrine Takachiho Jinja
●国見ヶ丘 Kunimigaoka Hill
●日向岬 Hyuga Misaki
●美々津 Mimitsu town
●都農 Tsuno ○ 巨田神社 Shrine Kota Jinja
●佐土原 Sadowara
●宮崎 Miyazaki ○宮崎神宮○ 青島神社 Shrine Aoshima Jinja
●高岡 Takaoka
●都城 Miyakonojo city

●霧島 Kirishima ○ 霧島神宮 Shrine Kirishima Jingu (Kagoshima)
●牧之原 Makinohara city
●国分 Kokubun ○鹿児島神宮 Shrine Kagoshima Jingu
●加治木 Kajiki town ○ 仙巌園 Sengan-En
●鹿児島 Kagoshima

- - - Sengan-en is a Japanese garden attached to the former residence of the Shimazu clan in Kagoshima,

- map of Miyazaki prefecture -

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- The following source lists different places -

日向街道は - 総距離：211.5km about 211 km

大分 Oita
犬飼 Inukai
菅尾 Sugao
三重町 Miemachi town
三国峠 Mikuni Toge Pass
樫峰　/ 樫ヶ峰 Mount Kashigamine
宇目 Ume town
重岡 Shigeoka
梓峠 Azusa Toge Pass
北川 Kitagawa
日向長井 Hyuga-Nagai town
延岡 Nobeoka city
土々呂 Totoro town
日向市 Hyuga city
南日向 Minami-Hyuga town
美々津 Mimitsu town
都濃 Tsuno
高鍋 Takanabe
新富町 Shintomi town
本庄川 River Honjogawa
高岡 Takaoka
去川 River Sarukawa
雀ケ野 Suzumegano town　Miyazaki
石山 Ishiyama town

- reference source : blog.jinriki.info/kacchan... -

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高千穂と日向街道 Takachiho and Hyuga Kaido
安藤保 // 大賀郁夫

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- The following source lists different places -

日向街道は Hyuga Kaido is about 236 km.
山国橋 Yamakunibashi (吉富町広津)から佐土原 Sadowara (西都市現王島)までの約236kmの街道です。
- reference source : gpscycling.net/tokaido -

Yamakunibashi 山国橋（福岡県吉富町－大分県中津市） from Fukuoka, Yoshitomi town to Oita, Nakatsu city

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- The following source lists different places -

日向街道歩きコースプラン
コース - - - - - ハイライト・見所
1 門司港、小倉 - - - - - 門司港レトロ、小倉城 Mojiko, Kokura
2 苅田町与原～行橋、中津 - - - - - 旧飴屋門、中津城 .. Kanda town, Nakatsu
3 宇佐神宮周辺 - - - - - 本殿、南楼門、西大門、呉橋 Usa Jingu
4 豊後高田 - - - - - 昭和の街 Bungo Takada
5 中山香～田染 - - - - - 熊野磨崖仏 Nakayamaga- Tashibu
6 杵築の散策 - - - - - 杵築城、武家屋敷、坂道ウォ―ク Kitsuki
7 西鹿鳴越～豊後豊岡 - - - - - ザビエルの通った道 Nishi-Kanagoe
8 亀川～東別府 - - - - - 竹瓦温泉 Kamegawa - Higashi-Beppu
9 大分市街、中戸次 - - - - - 府内城、中戸次の町並み Oita city
10 臼杵、延岡、日向市 - - - - - 臼杵石仏、仁王座歴史の道 Usuki - Nobeoka - Hyuga city
11 美々津、西都市東米良 - - - - - 美々津の町並み、銀鏡神楽 Mimitsu

- reference source : kaidoaruki.com/area_kyusyu/hyuuga... -

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- quote -
Mimitsu History
Mimitsu is located at the mouth of the Mimi River in northern Miyazaki on the east coast of Kyushu. It is now administratively a part of Hyuga City, named after the old name of the province.
According to the ancient myths set down in Japan's oldest books, Kojiki and Nihongi,
Mimitsu is where the mythical first emperor of Japan, Jimmu, built a fleet and set sail to conquer central Japan and set up the Yamato Dynasty.
In historical times
Mimitsu became a thriving port servicing the trade between Kyushu and the central Japanese ports and trading centres of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto.

With so many merchants, shipping agents and sea captains other people referred to "the thousand houses of Mimitsu", though that may have been an exaggeration.
- source : japanvisitor.com... -

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- The following long source lists different places -

日向往還（ひゅうがおうかん）Hyuga Okan
https://kumanago.jp/contents/yonkaido/map_hyuga_index.html

日向往還（ひゅうがおうかん）Hyuga Okan Road
熊本～日向・延岡 Road for the Sankin Kotai, from 熊本 Kumamoto via 日向 Hyuga to 延岡 Nobeoka, along the 九州山脈 Kyushu Mountain Range.
Also used for the trade of normal people, called
民の道 Tami no Michi.

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札の辻 Fuda no Tsuji (at Kumamoto castle)
Mifune-guchi 御船口
From here, 木山往還 the Kiyama Okan branches road off.
At the crossroads is a statue of Jizo Bosatsu.

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. Hōgyū Jizō 放牛地蔵 Hogyu Jizo, Kumamoto .
. . . . . stone statues made by Buddhist monk Hōgyū (around 1672-1732).

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六嘉神社 Shrine Rokka Jinja / 六嘉宮 Rokka-Gu
六嘉の獅子舞い famous for its lion dance during the annual festival in October.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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足手荒神 Ashite Kojin / 甲斐神社 Shrine Kai Jinja
Kamirokka, Kashima, Kamimashiki District
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
In memory of lord 甲斐宗運 Kai Soun (1515 - 1585), who got severe wounds in his legs and arms (足手 ashi te ).
Now people come here to pray for healing of their legs and arms.

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八勢目鑑橋　Yase Meganebashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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門前川橋（御船町）Monzenkawa Meakira Bridge (Mifune town)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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凱旋門 Gaisenmon gate (Mifune town)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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下鶴橋（御船町）Shimotsurubashi bridge (Mifune town)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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馬見原　Mamihara town
Yamato town, Kami-Mashiki District, Kumamoto

An important 宿場町 postal station of the Hyuga Highway. There were many pack horses to be seen, hence the name mami 馬見 horses to be seen.

馬見原橋 Mamiharabashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

馬見原火伏地蔵堂 Mamihara Hibuse Jizo Hall
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
A large festival for fire prevention is held in August.

夫婦岩 Meoto-iwa rock for a couple
Near the 馬見原商店街 Shopping street of Mamihara
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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通潤橋 Tsujunkyo bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Tsūjun Bridge is an aqueduct in Yamato, Kumamoto, Japan.
It is an arch bridge completed in 1854 and is 84.0m long. The arch spans 27.3m. It is the largest stone aqueduct in Japan.
- quote wikipedia -

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金内橋 Kaneuchibashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Arches over the river 御船川 Mifunegawa.

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立野橋 Tatenobashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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浜町橋　Hamamachibashi bridge
Hamamachi town was an important station of the 日向往還 Hyuga Okan road.
Now there are three roads passing here.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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夕尺橋 Yujakubashi bridge
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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- quote -
Hyūga Province (日向国, Hyūga no kuni)
was an old province of Japan on the east coast of Kyūshū, corresponding to the modern Miyazaki Prefecture. It was sometimes called Nisshū (日州) or Kōshū (向州).
Hyūga bordered on Bungo, Higo, Ōsumi, and Satsuma Province.
In the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki,
Hyūga is called Kumaso Province (熊曽国, Kumaso no kuni) of Tsukushi-no-shima (Kyushu), along the provinces of Tsukushi, Toyo and Hi.
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713),
the land of Hyūga was administratively separated from Ōsumi Province (大隈国). In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other catastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period.
During the Sengoku period,
the area was often divided into a northern fief around Agata castle (near modern Nobeoka), and a southern fief around Obi castle, near modern Nichinan. The southern fief was held by the Shimazu clan of nearby Satsuma for much of the period.
The Itō clan held control of Hyuga until it was conquered by the Shimazu in 1578.
- source : wikipedia -

Higashi-Soo District (東囎唹郡)
Koyu District (児湯郡)
Miyazaki District (宮崎郡)
Morokata District (諸県郡)
Naka District (那珂郡)
Usuki District (臼杵郡)

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Himukai Daijingu 日向大神宮（ひむかいだいじんぐう） - Kyoto

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総武本線日向街道踏切（八街～日向間）

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. Satsuma Kaido 薩摩街道 Satsuma Highway .
A road connecting 日向 Hyuga, a port city in 宮崎県 Miyazaki with 鹿児島城 Kagoshima castle.

. Bungo Kaido 豊後街道 Bungo Highway .

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .

Hyuga Kaido (this page)

. Miike Kaido 三池街道 / Miike Okan 三池往還 Miike Road . - Kumamoto

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Miyazaki 宮崎県

kami no ke 髪の毛 hair
Near 日向国中村 Nakamura village in Hyuga there lived a farmer.
His right cheek suddenly begun to swell and from the wound something like the grease of a wild boar came out. Then came about 200 beard hairs from a boar.
After that the wound healed.

. inoshishi 猪と伝説 Legends about the wild boar, Wildschwein .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
11 日向国 (01)
114 日向 (00)

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12/10/2019

Buzen Kaido Highway

- Postal stations and spots on the road -
Kitagami 北上
Ueki 植木
Kao 鹿央
. Yamaga 山鹿 .
Nagomi 和水
Nankan 南関
Buzen 豊前
Kokura 小倉 - Fukuoka
. シュガーロード sugar road / 砂糖の道 sato no michi .
The road between Nagasaki and Kokura (Ogura) 小倉, then on to Kyoto during the Edo period.
A lot of Western cultural elements travelled this road, when even very expensive white sugar was only available at the island of Dejima.
Towns along this road were able to produce sweets with white sugar.

The road was used by the army during the Satsuma rebellion in 1877.

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- - - - - places of interest on the road - - - - -

mimage no kadogoya 御馬下の角小屋　
274 Yomogimachi, Kita Ward
A resting place for the Daimyo, after he left Kumamoto castle, passed the 山伏塚 Yanboshizuka Mound for Yamabushi priests.
The house is now a museum.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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Yanboshizuka 山伏塚（やんぼしづか）Mound for Yamabushi priests
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
The Yamabushi mountain priests who had performed special rituals after Kumamoto castle was finished were on their way home, but were killed here to keep the secrets of the castle.

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Mitori Kannon 味取観音
The wandering priest 種田山頭火 Taneda Santoka stayed here for some time.
Mitori, the postal station in the Edo period, flourished with tea stalls during Sankin Kotai.

. 種田山頭火 Taneda Santoka (1882 - 1940) .

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temple Zengyo-Ji 善行寺
Used by the lords of the Hosokawa and Shimazu domain for Sankin Kotai. There is a large room in the temple,
onari no ma お成りの間, where they rested.

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temple Kohei-Ji 康平寺
Kaomachi Shimono, Yamaga, Kumamoto
An old temple of the Heian period, with a statue of Kannon with 1000 arms, surrounded by many other statues.

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Somon gate 惣門
Along the river 菊池川 Kikuchigawa to supervise the people coming and going to 山鹿 Yamaga town. Iw was opened and closed at six in the morning and evening.
The town preserves its old features to our day.

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Yamaga Onsen 山鹿温泉 hot spring
- quote -
Yamaga Onsen was first documented as a hot spring town in the 倭名類聚抄 "Wamyo Ruijusho" a historical dictionary written in the Heian Period over 1,000 years ago.
Legends say that the hot spring was discovered by Shichiro Uno, a military commander of the Heian Period, who found an injured deer nursing itself in the water of the spring. The soft water is so abundant that a famous folk song claims ”A thousand homes in Yamaga, and not a tub in sight,” as back in olden times locals could wash directly in the water sources themselves.
- source : kumanago.jp/en/spots/hotspring... -
The hot spring was used by 細川忠利 lord Hosokawa Tadatoshi (1586 - 1641) and his warrior-friend 宮本武蔵 Miyamoto Musashi.

. Miyamoto Musashi 宮本武蔵 (1584 - 1645) .

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. Yamaga Yachiyoza　山鹿八千代座　Yachiyo-za Theater .

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Tanaka-jiro ato 田中城跡 remains of Tanaka castle
The lord was 和仁親実 Wani Chikazane (? - 1587).
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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harakirizaka 腹切坂 slope for "Seppuku ritual suicide"
The original meaning was according to the landscape : hara 原 a plain - kiri 端（切り : at the end of the plain
It was quite steep and difficult for the Sankin Kotai processions.

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Nankan town 南関町

Many old merchant houses are still preserved.
The Lords of Hosokawa stayed at the local tea shop during Sankin Kotai.

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Border stones for Bungo / Buzen

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豊岡の眼鏡橋 Toyooka arched bridge
（植木町 Ueki town）

Over the river 中谷川 Nakatanigawa, built in 1802.

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. Konoha saru 木の葉猿 monkeys from Konoha .
玉東町 Gyokuto town

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高瀬目鏡橋 Takase Meganebashi arched bridge
玉名市 Tamana city

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tawara korogashi 俵ころがし跡 remains of the stone slope for rolling rice barrels
玉名市 Tamana city

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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繁根木八幡宮 Hanegi Hachimangu Shrine
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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蓮華院誕生寺本院 Temple Renge-In Tanjo-Ji
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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Shodai yaki 小代焼 Shodai pottery
荒尾市 Arao city
Mount Shodai with suitable earth for pottery
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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Onari mon 御成門 "Gate for the Lord"
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Built in 1831 for the Daimyo to rest.

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岩本橋 Iwamotobashi bridge

On the border between the 肥後藩 Higo domaine and 三池藩 Miike domaine.
Built by 橋本勘五郎 Hashimoto Kangoro (1822 - 1897).

. Iwamoto Bansho barrier 岩本番所 .

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野原八幡宮 Shrine Nobara Hachimangu, Arao city
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Built in the early Heian period.

- reference : kumanago.jp/contents/yonkaido... -

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The Miike Okan branched off at 植木町味取 Uekimachi, Mitori, Kumamoto .
This road was also called
豊前街道 Buzen Kaido
via
Konoha 木葉
Takase 高瀬
Iwamotobashi 岩本橋
Omuta Miike 大牟田三池
Enoura 江浦
Setaka 勢高（瀬高）
(Setaka (瀬高町 Setaka-machi) was located in the Yamato District, Fukuoka)

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- quote -
Buzen Province (豊前国 Buzen no kuni)
was an old province of Japan in northern Kyūshū in the area of Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture. It was sometimes called Hōshū (豊州), with Bungo Province. Buzen bordered on Bungo and Chikuzen Provinces.
The ruins of the ancient capital of the province were found near Toyotsu, Fukuoka. The castle town of Kokura was also in Buzen, and a seat of many feudal rulers.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Buzen 豊前国
- Now part of Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture

. Kappa legends from Kyushu 河童九州 .
When people crossed the wide rivers of Buzen, they often met a Kappa who wanted to do Sumo wrestling. Among the retainers of 小笠原信濃守 Lord Ogasawara from Shinano there was a strong man named 大つか庄右衛門 Otsuka Shoemon , who tried a bout with Kappa. But Kappa moves very fast and his body was slippery like an eel. He has spikes like needles on his body and Shoemon was hurt all over. He fell ill after the bout.
Another story tells about Shoemon and his friend せ川藤吉 Segawa Tokichi. When they walked into the river and the Kappa appeared, Tokichi drew his sword and killed the Kappa. The Kappa was small like a child, had a whitish skin and sharp nails like a cat.

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. namazu なまず / 鯰 / 鮧 catfish - der Wels .
At the waterfall 千丈が滝 Senjogataki there is 観音堂 a Hall for Kannon Bosatsu.
When 大塚庄右衛門 Ozauk Shoemon and his dumb friend went to the bridge above it to cool down in summer, there is a catfish jumping up and churning the water. Almost like going to heaven, it soon begun to rain. So it must have been a ryuu 竜 dragon after all.
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munagi むなぎ dialect for unagi, eel
At the waterfall 千丈が滝 Senjogataki in Buzen there lives a special Munagi eel in the river.
Its ears are large like a handfan and he is crawling in the riverbed. Its stomach is almost golden. It is about 24 m long, they say.

. unagi うなぎ /　鰻と伝説 Legends about the eel .

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- quote -

早鞆明神社 Hayatomo Myojin shrine
Shows a Shinto priest carrying a firebrand and running to avoid a large wave. In his left hand he carries me, an edible seaweed which he has gathered. This ritual was carried out at night on New Year’s Eve at the Hayatomo Myojin Shrine, in northern Kyushu.
The shrine is seen, top right, beneath a black sky.
- source : japaneseprints-london.com... -

.................................................................................　Fukuoka 福岡県

. kishin, kijin, onigami 鬼神の伝説　Oni Deity Demon Legends .
During the time of emperor 継体天皇 Keitai Tenno (?450 - ?531) there lived kijin 鬼神 a Demon Deity on 求菩提山 Mount Kuboteyama in 豊前国上毛郡 the district Koge who played many bad tricks on the villagers. Through the power of the venerable 卜仙 Bokusen he was exorcised and put into a bottle, which was buried on the top of the mountain.
Its soul in now worshiped here.

Kuboteyama, 782 m

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kobito 小人 a dwarf
In the 築城郡 Tsuiki district of Bungo there lived a farmer. His son 才次郎 Saijiro, who was 8 years old, was only 53 cm high. He was a decent boy and spoke politely, never causing trouble to others.
When he was born, he was so small he could be kept in the palm of both hands.

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shiratori 白鳥 a white bird
The emperor 景行天皇 Keiko Tenno (大足彦天皇) had dispatched 菟名手（うなて）Unate (Unade), an ancestor of the Bungo regents, to Bungo, to the village 中臣村 Nakatomi.
He saw a white bird coming from the North and caught it.
The bird turned into mochi 餅 rice cakes, then into many thousand ietsuimo 芋草 plants.
So the Emperor named this area 豊国 Bungo "rich and plentiful land".

. Nakatsu Kaido 中津街道 Nakatsu Highway .

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Emperor Keikō (景行天皇, Keikō-tennō) (13 BC - 130)
also known as Ootarashihikooshirowake no Sumeramikoto (大足彦忍代別天皇) was the 12th Emperor of Japan
His son was Prince Ōsu" (Yamato Takeru).
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Emperor Keitai (継体天皇, Keitai-tennō) (?450 - ?531)
was the 26th Emperor of Japan. reigned from 507 to 531
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Bungo Province (豊後国, Bungo no kuni)
was a province of Japan in eastern Kyūshū in the area of Ōita Prefecture.
It was sometimes called Hōshū (豊州), with Buzen Province. Bungo bordered Buzen, Hyūga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen Provinces.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

神杉の根を踏み虞る梅雨豊前

井口荘子 Iguchi Shoko

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12/08/2019

Miike Kaido Okan Road

Used by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1587 as an army road built by 加藤清正 Kato Kiyomasa, Lord of 熊本城 Kumamoto Castle.
It started at Kumamoto castle,

- Postal stations on the road -
Mitori Shimachi 味取新町
Konoha 木葉
Takase 高瀬町
Kanayama 金山
Fumoto 府本
Iwamoto 岩本
Miike 三池

In former times also called
高瀬街道 Takase Kaido.

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三池街道とその周辺

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Mitori Shinmachi 味取新町
(now in 熊本市北区 Kita Ward, Kumamoto city)
The Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway
branched off at Mitori Shinmachi.
The town thrived as the starting point of the Buzen Kaido.
When 細川忠利 Hosokawa Tadatoshi (1585 - 1641) became the lord of the region,the town got its name.
There were more than 100 Hatago lodgings in town.

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .

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Tabaruzaka 田原坂 Tabaru slope
A mountain road leading up about 80 m via three slopes along 1,5 km along the river 木葉川 Konohagawa.

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Konoha 木葉
(former 木葉村 Konoha village, now 玉名郡玉東町 Tamana district, Gyokuto town)
The temple 徳成寺 Tokujo-Ji is located in this town.
The kiln 木の葉猿窯元 Konoha Sarugamamoto is located here, with a history of more than 1300 years, making the famous
three monkeys.
. Konoha saru 木の葉猿 monkey from Konoha .

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Takase 高瀬
(now 玉名市 Tamana city)
Before the Mejij period there was no bridge over the river 菊池川 Kikuchigawa (about 100 wide river) and travelers had to use a boat.
- quote -
Tamana Onsen
Tamana Onsen is one of the best hot springs in Kumamoto, being proud of its abundant, high-quality spring water with a history over 1,300 years old.
It is also called ”Ryuganji Onsen,” and has been popular with local people since the olden days.
Legends say that a heron used the water to heal its wounded wing, after which it was able to fly. The old part of the town, near Hikino Shrine, still has a tasteful atmosphere to date, and ”Ryuganji Park”, in the town center, offers a free foot baths, which are popular with visitors who wish to unwind their minds and bodies.
- source : kumanago.jp/en... -

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Kanayama 金山
(now 荒尾市金山 Arao city, Kanayama)
It was the residence of the 大野一族 Ono clan since the 戦国時代 Sengoku period (1467 – 1600).
Arao was a large coal mining town, but it has since lost a great deal of its population, due to the closing of the mine.
Arai is famous for its Shōdai ware, an art form almost completely exclusive to Arao, involving slow kilning and under glazing.
Also, the Arao nashi pear is a fruit product grown widely in this town. The pear is round, brown and about the size of a bowling ball.
- wikipedia -

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Fumoto 府本
(now Arao city, Fumoto荒尾市府本)
In 1714 Fumoto got permission from the Hosokawa domaine to become a postal station of the Miike Highway.
The shrine 熊野宮 Kumano-Gu has an old stone marker from 1743.

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At the border between the old provinces of Bungo and Miike is the
Iwamoto Bansho barrier 岩本番所.
(now 荒尾市上井出 Arao, Shimo-Ide)
The 高瀬奉行所 Takase Bugyo barrier office from the Hosokawa clan was located here.
The families of 内野 Uchino and 桜井 Sakurai held this position for many years and their descendants still live in the town.
Before a bridge was built, travelers had to use a boat to cross the river 諏訪川 Suwagawa.
In 1865, the barrier was abolished.

. 岩本橋 Iwamotobashi bridge .
Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway

- - - - - Info from Temple 徳成寺 Tokujo-Ji
- reference : tokujoji.hakuai-net.com

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. Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 (1537 - 1598) .

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Miike coal mine (三池炭鉱 Miike Tankō),
also known as the Mitsui Miike Coal Mine (三井三池炭鉱 Mitsui Miike Tankō), was the largest coal mine in Japan, located in the area of Ōmuta, Fukuoka and Arao, Kumamoto, Japan.
Mining began in the region during the Kyoho era, with the Miike mine under the control of the Tachibana clan.
The mine was nationalised in 1872 by the Meiji government. The Mitsui zaibatsu took control in 1899.
The mine closed in 1997,[6] with devastating effects on the local economy.
- wikipedia -

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三池街道をゆく - - Walking the Miike Kaido Road
石川保　Ishikawa Tamotsu

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- quote -

Miike Hatsuichi 三池初市 first market of the year
Miike Hatsuichi is a spring market which announces the arrival of the spring to Omuta. It is said to have originated from the barter trade of farming tools, rice and vegetables along Miike Kaido Road during the Edo Era (1603 - 1867). The market has a roughly 300 year history and there is a saying, “If you feel a breeze at Hatsuichi, you won’t catch a cold all year!”
The market takes place on March 1 and 2, during which time about 200 stalls selling local specialties like flower and bamboo baskets, saplings, garden trees and food line the road.
- source : crossroadfukuoka.jp... -

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. Satsuma Kaido 薩摩街道 Satsuma Highway .

. Bungo Kaido 豊後街道 Bungo Highway .

. Buzen Kaido 豊前街道 Buzen Highway .

. Hyuga Kaido 日向街道 / Hyuga Okan 日向往還 Hyuga Highway .

Miike Kaido - this page

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12/06/2019

Akamagaseki Karatsu Kaido highways

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- for Karatsu Kaido, see below
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Akamagaseki Kaido, Akama Seki Kaido 赤間関街道 Akamagaseki Highway
Akama Kaido 赤間街道 Akama Highway
From Shimonoseki to Akiragi (near Hagi)　 Mostly in Yamaguchi 山口県
About 140 km.

part of it is called
中道筋 Nakamichi Suji

- Places of interest on the way -
Akiragi town 明木
Yokoze 横瀬
Hibari Toge pass 雲雀峠
Edo town 絵堂
Shimo no Tao 下の垰(しものたお)
Okubo dai 大久保台
Akiyoshi Cho Town 秋吉町
Kawahara 河原
Shirogahara 四郎ヶ原
Mine town 美祢
Shiomi Toge pass 塩見峠
Kami-Sadatsune 上貞恒
Shimonoseki Yoshida town 下関吉田

- CLICK for more photos !

This road has been used by the Bakumatsu heroes of the region:
. Yoshida Shōin 吉田松陰 Yoshida Shoin . - (1830 - 1859)
and
. Takasugi Shinsaku 高杉晋作 . - (1839 – 1867)

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Hibari Toge pass 雲雀峠

Shiomi Toge pass 塩見峠

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- quote -
Mine (美祢市 Mine-shi) is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture
- - - - - Attractions

- Akiyoshidai Quasi-National Park,
which includes the Akiyoshidai (秋吉台 Akiyoshi plateau) and Japan’s longest cave, the Akiyoshido (秋芳洞), the latter of which is designated a Special Natural Monument. Akiyoshidai is served by a natural history museum, visitor center, rest house, youth hostel and park headquarters building, and is traversed by a scenic roadway and several walking trails. Events include a fireworks festival in July, a “Karst Walk” in November, and an annual burning off of dry grasses in February called “Yamayaki”.
- Akiyoshido, Akiyoshido (秋芳洞).
Towards the southern end of Akiyoshidai is the Akiyoshido cave, named by Emperor Hirohito on May 30, 1926 when he was still crown prince. This spacious cave is up to 100 meters wide and has 8.79 kilometers of passages, making it the longest in Japan and one of the longest in Asia. At the present time an approximately one-kilometer-long section of the cave is open to the public as a sightseeing course, with a walkway and bridge system, entering at the cave's lowest point and exiting via an artificial elevator. This portion of the cave is also well decorated with a variety of large and colorful speleothems.
- source : wikipedia -

. Zenji Kappa 禅師河童 Kappa the Zen Teacher .
Once upon a long time
in the region of the cave 秋芳洞 Akiyoshido in Yamaguchi there was a long period of drought and only strong sunshine. ...

. 竜神 the Ryujin Dragon Deity and rain rituals .

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- reference and many photos

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. Akama Jingu 赤間神宮 Akama Shrine .
dedicated to 安徳天皇 Antoku Tenno, a Japanese emperor who died young in the Battle of Dannoura in 1185.
4-1 Amidaijicho, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi

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Karatsu Kaido 唐津街道 Karatsu Highway
From Wakamatsu, 福岡県 Fukuoka to 浜崎 Hamasaki, 唐津市 Karatsu city in 佐賀県 Saga

- Postal Stations on the Highway -
若松 Wakamatsu
芦屋 Ashiya
赤間 Akama
畦町 Azemachi
青柳 Aoyagi
箱崎 Hakozaki
博多 Hakata
福岡 Fukuoka
姪浜 Meinohama
今宿 Imajuku
前原 Maebaru
深江 Fukae
浜崎 Hamasaki

- quote -
Karatsu Kaido: A Major Artery for Ancient Travelers
A series of roads, or kaido, were built throughout Japan in the Edo Era for both feudal lords trekking to Edo and regular travelers. The most famous road in Kyushu was the Nagasaki Kaido, but there was also another road that ran through Fukuoka City: Karatsu Kaido. The road connected Karatsu in Saga prefecture to Kitakyushu via Hakata, and it was used by the lords of the Fukuoka and Karatsu domains for their trips to Edo. There were five rest areas along the Karatsu Kaido that now lie within the Fukuoka city limits:
Hakozaki, Hakata, Fukuoka, Meinohama and Imajuku.
In fact, some experts think this road was in use well before the Edo period. They speculate that it was used by people coming from and going to the Asian mainland in ancient times, thereby serving as a conduit through which Chinese culture spread throughout Japan. The Karatsu Kaido was also an important defense against the Mongol invasions of the late 13th century, and it is said that Hideyoshi Toyotomi marched down the road for his attempted invasion of Korea.
Unfortunately,
almost no signs of the old road remain within the city limits of Fukuoka, but many old historic sites, shrines and temples that once lined the road still exist today. There are also some areas along the old route where even machiya (Kyoto-style townhouses)—a rarity in Fukuoka—remain. These include the shopping districts of Hakozaki and Maidashi, the area of Hakata near the Ishidobashi Bridge, Kuromon, Tojinmachi and the shopping district of Nishijin.
Among these old station towns,
Meinohama is actively engaged in community development based on the Karatsu Kaido. Local residents established the Karatsu Kaido Meinohama Community Development Council to invigorate the community while working to preserve machiya and the history of the old road. The Council’s base is the Maizuru Miso shop, an Edo-era machiya that is now used as a gallery and concert space. Two machiya in Meinohama have been designated as Registered Cultural Properties of Fukuoka City under the city’s newly established heritage registration system. The Council also runs local guided tours and various other events, and all are welcome to attend.
- source : fukuoka-now.com/en/karatsu-kaido... -

Akamajuku 赤間宿 Akama postal station
in Fukuoka, 宗像市 Munakata city
- reference source : akamakan.info -

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

- Legends about 安徳天皇 Emperor Antoku Tenno -

.................................................................................　Aomori 青森県

A ship from 筑前 Chikuzen (Fukuoka) was almost shipwrecked and landed in 津軽 Tsugaru.
The sailors went on land and into the mountains, where they found a woman of about 40 years, who was of the same hometown as the sailors.
She said she had left a horagai 法螺貝 conch under wakamatsu 若松 a young pine tree in her hometown.
When the sailors made it back to their hometown, they found it. The tree had become very old and the conch looked quite ancient too.
When they asked the woman again, she said during the time of Antoku Tenno she had been 20 years old.

.................................................................................　Miyagi 宮城県

In the North-West of 定義阿弥陀堂 the Teigi Amida Hall there is a 天皇塚 Tenno Mound where relics from 安徳天皇 Antoku Tenno are burried.
On the mound is enoki 榎 a nettle tree.
If a woman wants to become pregnant, she hugs the tree, picks up a pebble from below the tree and puts it in her sleeve pocked.
The tree is now lost, but its roots are still there.

Temple 西方寺 Saiho-Ji

宮城県仙台市青葉区大倉字上下 / Joge-2 Okura, Aoba Ward, Sendai

Teigi, Sadayoshi 「定義」（さだよし）- 平貞能 Taira no Sadayoshi
He was the governor of Higo and Chikugo provinces in Kyūshū. He was a samurai commander for the Taira clan during the Genpei War around 1180.

Tennozuka 天皇塚（安徳天皇）Mound for Antoku Tenno

.................................................................................　Yamagata 山形県
中津川村 Nakatsugawa

Fukada no tsuka ふかだの塚 Fukada Mound
The mound is also called Tamaniwa 玉庭 Gyokutei.
This mound is said to be the grave of Antoku Tenno.
It was to be excarvated in 1925, but the workers all got bad dreams and illness and so they stopped the project.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

海松青し赤間の宮の御裳裾に

轡田進 Kutsuwada Susumi (1923 - 1999）

蕗のたう安徳帝の宮に摘む

石川纓子　Ishikawa Eiko

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12/05/2019

Kanamachi Niijuku Katsushika

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Kanamachi (かなまち）金町
Katsushika ward, 南葛飾郡金町 Minami-Katsushika
and the sub-districts Higashi-Kanamachi, Kanamachi jōsuijō, Niijuku and Tōganemachi (Toganemachi)

Kanamachi was formerly called 金町郷 Kanamachi Go.
It thrived as part of the 下総国香取神宮領 Katori Jingu Shrine of Shimofusa, Chiba.

Later renamed to 金町村 Kanamachi mura village.
In 1399 in the records of 葛西御厨注文 and in 1559 in the records of 小田原衆所領役帳 the name is already mentioned.
In the record 三浦和田文書 the place is also mentioned as 下総国金町郷.

In the middle ages, the Shinto Shrine 葛西神社（かさいじんじゃ） Kasai Jinja (later 香取神宮 Katori Jingu) became an important place in the area.

In the Edo period, it became a postal station of the Mito Kaido Highway and a sekisho 関所 barrier station at the river crossing:
金町松戸御関所 Kanamachi Matsudo Gosekisho,

located at 葛飾区東金町8-23 Higashi-Kanamachi.

During the Edo period, Niijuku became the second postal station of the
. Mito Kaido 水戸街道　Mito Highway .
Nii juku (新宿　/ にいじゅく) Niijuku in Katsushika, (not to mix with Shinjuku 新宿)
Matsudo 松戸 is the third postal station along the 水戸街道 Mito Kaido highway,
on the Chiba side of the river 利根川 Tonegawa.

- quote -
Boat landing entry to Niijuku 新宿渡口

As a way station on Mito Highway,
Niijuku was located between Senju-shuku and Matsudo-shuku. Since the daimyo of Sankinkōtai (daimyo's alternate-year residence in Edo) stayed in Senju-shuku or Matsudo-shuku, Niijuku was a small post station with no Honjin (officially appointed inns for daimyo) or Wakihonjin (inns appointed as supplementary for Honjin).
There was a ferryboat landing point for crossing Nakagawa River there.
- source : Tokyo Metropolitan Library -

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For protection purposes of the barrier they needed hooks and other tools for the carpenters made form metal (金 kana).
One tool was the kanejaku 曲尺（カネジャク) curved ruler.
The area of the craftsmen was first called Magarikane 曲金（マガリカネ）"bent metal".
Kanemachi 金町 could also be written 曲町（カナマチ）.

. Katori shrine 香取神宮 and Kashima Shrine 鹿島神宮 .

. Kasai Rinkai Koen 葛西臨海公園 Kasai Seaside Park .

. Kasaibashi 葛西橋 Kasai Bridge .

- quote -
Kasai

During the Edo period,
various flowers blooming throughout the year were planted in gardens or on footpaths between rice fields in the area surrounding Kasai.
These flowers seem to have been sold at markets in Edo.
- source : Tokyo Metropolitan Museum -

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Kanamachi Railway Station 金町駅
opened on 27 December 1897.

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半田稲荷神社 Shrine Handa Inari Jinja
東金町4-28-22 Higashi-Kanamachi.

The Shrine was used by the 尾張徳川家 Owari Tokugawa clan.

Some records claim it was first built in 711.
In the Mid-Edo period, it became known as a place to pray for protection from diseases, especially hashika 麻疹 measles and easy birth.
The Shrine was also mentioned in Kabuki theater and Kyogen stories.
Around 1780, there was a popular song by priest 願人坊主 Gannin Bozu:
葛西金町半田の稲荷、疱瘡も軽い麻疹も軽い...

. Handa Inari Shrine Festivals .

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