Edo - the EDOPEDIA -

7/01/2019

Kaido Highway Index - M

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. Kaido 街道 the old highways - Introduction.
. 街道と伝説 Legends about the Kaido highways .
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Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index - M to Z

. Kaido 街道 Highways - Index from A to L .

Index from M to Z is below.

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Most names refere to a place or region.
Others refere to the items carried along the trade routes.
kodoo 古道 Old highways and roads lead to places of a pilgrimage.
During the Edo period, many highways were used for the sankin kotai 参勤交代 regular Daimyo attendance in Edo.
gundoo 軍道 Gundo, army road
ookan 往還 Okan, Byroad / waki kaidoo 脇 Wakikaido, Byroad
kandoo 官道 Kando, road for a government official

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. . Kaido 街道 Highways - Index from A to L . .

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. Machida Kaido 町田街道 Machida Kaido Avenue . *

. Matsumaedō　松前道 / Matsumae Kaido 松前街道 - Hokkaido . *
- Fukuyama Kaido 福山街道 Fukuyama Highway
- Hamamichi 浜道 beach road / Sotogahama Kaido 外ヶ浜街道

. Matsumoto Kaido 松本街道 . *

. Matsunoyama Kaido 松之山街道 .
Also called - Uesugi Gundo 上杉軍道 Army road of Uesugi Kenshin

. Matsuyama Kaido 松山街道 . *
Marugame Kaido 丸亀街道 / Tadotsu Kaido 多度津街道 / Takamatsu Kaido 高松街道 / Muya Kaido 撫養街道

. Mibu Kaido 壬生街道 Mibu Highway / 壬生通り Mibu Dori . - Tochigi *
- Nikko Nishi Kaido 日光西街道 Western Highway to Nikko

. Miike Kaido 三池街道 / Miike Okan 三池往還 Miike Road . - Kumamoto *

. Mikuni Kaido 三国街道 . *

. Minobu Kaido 身延街道 / Minobu 身延道 Minobu michi pilgrim road .

. Mino Kaido 美濃街道 Mino Highway / Minoji, Mino-Ji 美濃路 Mino Road . *

. Mito Kaido 水戸街道 . *

. Mitsu Kaido 三津街道 . - Matsuyama, Ehime

. Miyagi Prefecture and its Kaido Highway Legends 宮城県 .
Aramakiyama Kaido 荒巻山街道
Hippo Kaido 筆甫街道
Iwadeyama Kaido 岩出山街道
Kakuda Kaido 角田街道
Kawasaki Kaido 川崎街道
Sasaya Kaido 笹谷街道
Sekiyama Kaido 関山街道
Shiogama Kaido 塩釜街道
Shizugawa Kaido 志津川街道
Toho Kaido 東方街道

. Miyako Kaido 宮古街道 . - Iwate *
- 閉伊街道 Hei Kaido

. Miyazu Kaido 宮津街道 Miyazu Highway . *
Oda no michi 普甲道

. Mizusawa Udon Kaido 水沢うどん街道 Mizusawa Road to eat Udon noodles . - Gunma *

. mochi kaido 餅街道 road of the rice cakes . *

. Moriguchi Kaido 守口街道 . *

. Musashi Michi 武蔵道 Musashi Road . *

. Mushanokoji Bungaku Road 武者小路文学ロード Mushanokoji Literature Road . - Miyazaki *

. Mutsu Kami-Kaido 陸奥上街道 . *

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. Naganuma Kaido 長沼街道 Naganuma Highway - Chiba / Fukushima . *

. Nagao Kaido 長尾街道 . *

. Nagasaki Kaido 長崎街道 . 砂糖の道 Sugar Road . *
シュガーロード sugar road / 砂糖の道 sato no michi

. Nakahara Kaido 中原街道 Nakahara Highway . *
- - - - - Other names are
Soshu Kaido 相州街道 / 相州道 Soshu Highway, 相模街道 Sagami Highway
Edo Kando 江戸間道 side road to Edo
Kosugi michi 小杉道 road to Kosugi town
Koyashi Kaido こやし街道 - carrying manure out of Edo and coming back the same day
Sarucho Kaido 猿町街道 - leading to the Sarucho district in Edo
o-su kaido お酢街道 vinegar highway

. Nakasendo 中山道 Nakasendō . *
- Kisokaidō, Kiso Kaido (木曾街道) Kisoji 木曽路

. Nakatsu Kaido 中津街道 . - Oita, Fukuoka *

. Nanbu Kaido 南部街道 Nanbu Highway, Nambu Highway . *

. Nankaido 南海道 Nankaidō . *

. Nara Kaido 奈良街道 . *
Also called Yamato Kaido 大和街道
- - - - - more sub-roads :
Furutsutsumi Kaido 古堤街道
Fushimi Kaido 伏見街道
Jusan Kaido 十三街道
Kiyotaki Kaido 清滝街道

. Narita Kaido 成田街道 / Naritado 成田道 . *

. Nikko Kaido 日光街道 .
- 日光例幣使街道 Nikko Reiheishi Kaido / 日光杉並木街道 Nikko Suginamiki Kaido

. Nishinomiya Kaido 西宮街道 Nishinomiya Highway . - Hyogo

. Nishi Omi Kaido 西近江街道 / Nishi Omi ji 西近江路 Nishi-Omi, Nishiomi . *

. Noda Kaido 野田 - Numakunai Kaido 沼宮内街道 . *

. Nomugi Kaido 野麦街道 and Hida Kaido 飛騨街道 . *

. Noneyama Kaido 野根山街道 . - Kochi *

. Nose Kaido 能勢街道 Nose Highway, pilgrim road . - Osaka *

. Numadate Kaido 沼館街道 . - Akita *
/ Obonai Kaido 生保内街道 / Oga Kaido 男鹿街道 / Omagoshi Kaido 大間越街道 / Oyasu Kaido 小安街道
/ Tekura Kaido 手倉街道 / Yajima Kaido 矢島街道

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. Obi Kaido 飫肥街道 . * Kyushu

. Ogon Kaido 黄金街道 Highway to transport gold . *
- Mutsu Ogon Kaido 陸奥黄金街道 / Kichiji Ogon Kaido 吉次黄金街道

. Oku no Hosomichi 奥の細道 - Matsuo Basho *　

. Okuchi Suji 大口筋 . * Kyushu

. Ome Kaido 青梅街道 . *
and Okutama Kaido 新奥多摩街道

. Omi Kaido　近江街道 / Omi no Kaido 近江の街道 . *
and Nishi-Omi Kaido 西近江街道 Western Omi Highway

. Omoto Kaido 小本街道 . *

. Sanriku Hamakaido 三陸浜街道 . *

. Onari Kaido 御成街道 Highway for the Shogun . *
- 日光御成道 Nikko Onari Michi / 東金御成街道 Togane Onari Kaido

. Onikobe Kaido 鬼首街道 "Demon Head Highway" . *

. Onohara Kaido 小野原街道 . *

. Osaka Kaido 大坂街道 . *

. Oshu Kaido 奥州街道 . *

. Otaki Okan 大多喜往還 /Otaki Kaido 大多喜街道 . - Chiba *

. Oyama Kaido 大山街道 / Oyama michi 大山道 . *
and Futago Kaido 二子街道
also called 厚木街道 Atsugi Kaido or 矢倉沢往還 Yagurazawa okan
- Fuji Oyama michi ふじ大山道 - to Mount Fujisan

. Ozu Kaido 大津街道 . *
part of the Trans-Kyushu Highway - Bungo Kaido 豊後街道
- Seisho Kodo 清正公道 Road of Kato Kiyomasa

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. Rekishi no Michi Hyakusen 歴史の道百選 100 historical roads .
- - - - - Rekishi Kaido 歴史街道 Historic Highways / selected by the Agency for Cultural Affairs

. Rikuzen Hamakaido 陸前浜街道 . *

. Rokujurigoe Kaido 六十里越街道 Rokujurigoe Highway Pilgrim Road . *

. romantic kaidō ロマンチック街道 / 浪漫街道 Roman Kaido roads .
- 片鉄ロマン街道　Katatetsu Roman Kaido (Okayama) *
- 日本ロマンチック街道　Japan Romantic Road - Nagano till Nikko
- とうもろこし街道　Tomorokoshi "corn" Kaido Road - Gunma
- Hokkaido 優駿浪漫街道 Yushun Roman Kaido
- Shinano Roman Kaido しなの浪漫街道 Romantic Road of Shinano

. Ryujin Kaido 龍神街道 Ryujin Highway of the "Dragon God" . - Wakayama *

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. saba kaido 鯖街道 mackerel road . *

. Sado Bugyo Kaido 佐渡奉行街道 - part in Saitama and Gunma . *

. Saikaidō 西海道 Saikaido "Western Sea Circuit" . - Kyushu *

. Saigoku Kaido 西国街道 . *

. Sakura Kaido 佐倉街道 - Narita Kaido 成田街道 - Chiba . *

. Saku Koshu Kaido 佐久甲州街道 Saku Highway . *

. Sakushu Kaido 作州街道 .

. Sanin Kaido 山陰街道 . *
Sanindo San'indō 山陰道 / そとものみち Sotomono Michi

. sankan 三関 three famous barriers along the Kaido . *

. sankin kotai 参勤交代 Daimyo attendance in Edo . *

. sanshuu kaidoo 三州街道 Sanshu Kaido. Kaido of three provinces . *
塩の道 Shio no Michi - Chikuni Kaido (Chikoku kaido) 千国街道 . *

. Sanuki Kaido 讃岐街道 .

. Sanyo Kaido 山陽街道 Sanyōdō 山陽道 Sanyodo . *

. Sasaya Kaido 笹谷街道 . *

. Sasayama Kaido 篠山街道 . *

. Satsuma Kaido 薩摩街道 . *
also known as Izumi Suji 出水筋

. Saya Kaido 佐屋街道 .

. Sekishu Kaido 石州街道 .

. Sendai Kaido 仙台街道 .

. Shichigashuku Kaido 七ケ宿街道 / 七ヶ宿街道 Shichikajuku Kaido　. *

. Shibata Kaido 新発田街道 .

. Shibukawa Kaido 渋川街道 .

. Shido Kaido 志度街道 .

. Shikoku Kaido 四国街道 - List .

. Shikoku Henro Michi 四国遍路道 Pilgrims road .

. Shimabara Kaido 島原街道 .
- and Uki Kaido 有喜街

. Shimanami Kaido しまなみ海道 .

. Shimizu Kaido 清水街道 (not Kiyomizu) . *
- - - Hirose Shimizu Kaido 広瀬・清水街道

. Shimoda Kaido 下田街道 Shimoda-ji 下田路 Shimoda Road . *

. Shimonita Kaido 下仁田街道 - 上州姫街道 Joshu Hime Kaido . *

. Shimotsuke Kaido 下野街道 . *

. Shinano Kaido 信濃街道 / 信州街道 Shinshu Kaido . *

. Shiogama Kaido 塩釜街道 Shiogama Highway . *

. Shio no michi 塩の道 Salt Roads . *

. Shiotsu Kaido 塩津街道 Shiotsu Highway / 塩津海道 Shiotsu Sea Road . *

. Shirakawa Kaido 白川街道 . *

. Shizukuishi Kaido 雫石街道 . *

. shukuba 宿場 post station, postal station . *

. Shuntoku Kaido 俊徳街道 .
Takeda Kaido 竹田街道 / Tateishi Kaido 立石街道 / Ooto Kaido おおと街道 / Tatsutagoe Nara Kaido 竜田越奈良街道

Shuzan Kaido 周山街道 - Mountain road from Kyoto to Fukui, Obama 小浜市

. Suita Kaido 吹田街道 . *

. Sumiyoshi Kaido 住吉街道 . *

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. Takaoka Suji 高岡筋（東目筋 Higashime Suji） . * Kyushu

. Takase Kaido 高瀬街道 . - Kumamoto *
..... Miike Kaido 三池街道

. Takatsuki Kaido 高槻街道 . *
- Ibaraki Kaido 茨木街道 / Tomita Kaido 富田街道

. Takachiho Kaido 高千穂街道 . *
..... 高千穂神話街道 Takachiho Shinwa Kaido - Fukuoka, Oita, Miyazaki, Kagoshima

. Takenouchi Kaido 竹内街道 / 竹ノ内街道 / Takeuchi Kaido 竹内街道 . *
..... 横大路村街道 / 横大路 Yoko-Ooji

Takiyama Kaido 滝山街道
- reference source : -

. Tanabu Kaido 田名部街道 . - Aomori *

. Tanba Kaido 丹波街道 - Tanbaji 丹波路 . *
Tanshu Kaido 丹州街道 / Tanshu-Ji 丹州路 / (旦波 Tamba)

. Tango Kaido 丹後街道 Tango Highway . *

. Tango Chirimen Kaido 丹後縮緬街道 crepe-silk road . *

. Tenma Kaido 天馬街道 . - Hokkaido *

. Tenpyo Kodoo 天平古道 Tenpyo Kodo, Old Highway - Izumo .

. Toba Kaido　鳥羽街道 . *

. Tobe Sue Kaido 砥部陶街道 - Tobe Sue Pottery Road, Ehime - reference -

. Togakushi Kodo 戸隠古道 Togakushi Old Pilgrim Road . *

. Tohoku no Kaido　東北の街道 Highways in Tohoku . *

. Tojo Orai 東城往来 roads starting from Tojo / Tojo Kaido 東城街 . *

. Tokaido 53 Stations 東海道五十三次 . *

. Tokugawa michi 徳川道 Road for Tokugawa . *

. Tokuyama Kaido 徳山街道 - Gifu . *
..... Ogiya Himekaido Bridge

. Tonogaya Kaido 殿ヶ谷街道 . - Tokyo *

. Tonosama Kaido 殿様街道 Tonosama Highways . *

. Togane Onari Kaidoo 東金御成街道 . - Chiba *
..... Sunaoshi Kaido 砂押街道 / Gongen Michi 権現道 Road for the Great Lord
..... 提灯街道 Chochin Highway of Lanters. ichiya kaido 一夜街道 highway built in one night

. Tono 遠野・釜石街道 Tono Kaido / Kamaishi Kaido . - Iwate *

. Tosando 東山道 Tōsandō . - Tohoku *

. Tosa Kaido 土佐街道 / 土佐北街道 .

. Totsukawa Kaido 十津川街道 . *

. Tsugaru Kaido 津軽街道 . *

. tsuuko tegata, tsuko 通行手形 "plates to pass a checkpoint" .

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. Ugo Kaido 羽後街道 . *

. Umibe suji 海辺筋　roads along the sea . *
津軽街道筋 Tsugaru Kaido
三戸・鹿角街道筋 Sannohe / Kazuno Kaido
釜石街道・海辺筋 Kamaishi Kaido / Umibesuji
宮古街道筋 Miyako Kaido
小本街道筋 Omoto Kaido
野田・沼宮内街道 Noda / Numakunai Kaido
花巻・遠野街道筋 Hanamaki / Tono Kaido
浄法寺街道 Johoji Kaido
北浜街道 Kitahama Kaido
田名部街道 Tanabu Kaido

. unagi kaidoo うなぎ街道 / 鰻 road to transport eel . *

. Ushū Kaidō 羽州街道 Ushu Kaido . *
and
Ushu Hamakaido 羽州浜街道 coastal road of Ushu

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. Wada Kaido 和田街道 . *

. Wakamatsu Kaido 若松街道 / Aizu Kaido 会津街道 . *

. Wakasa Kaido 若桜街道（わかさかいどう) . - Tottori

. Wakayama Kaido 和歌山街道 . *

. waki kaido 脇街道 side road, byroad . *

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. Yagyu Kaido 柳生街道 - 柳生道 Yagyu michi . *

. Yamaguchi Kaido 山口街道 Yamaguchi Highway . *
- Hagi ookan 萩往還 Hagi Okan Road

. Yamanobe no michi 山辺の道 / 山辺道 . *

. Yamashiro Kodo 山背古道（やましろこどう） . *

. Yamato Kaido 大和街道 . *

. Yamazaki Dōri　山崎通 / 山崎通り .

. Yokohama michi 横浜道 Yokohamamichi / Yokohama Kaido 横浜街道 . *

. Yonezawa Kaido 米沢街道 Yonezawa Highway . *

. Yono Kaido 余野街道 / 摂丹街道 Settan Kaido . *

. Yunoyama Kaido 湯の山街道 .

. Yusuhara Kaido 檮原街道 .

. Yuurei Kaido 幽霊 Ghost Highways .

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. Zenkoji Kaido 善光寺街道 / Zenkoji Do 善光寺道 . *

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Kaido 街道 Highways - Index from A to L .

. Kaido 街道 the old highways .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

(00) - Nihon Kokaido
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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #kaidoindex #kaidoabc #kaidolist ##kaido #kaidommm 33kaido #tokaido ###kaido #shimonita - - - -
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6/29/2019

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Kaido reference

- collecting -
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日本の街道歴史を巡る！
１章　一生に一度は行きたい街道
２章　祈りの道
３章　庶民の道
４章　戦いの道
５章　街道の基礎知識
source : amazon com

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- quote

街道歩き旅どっとコムです。
日本橋を出発し、旧五街道を同時に少しずつ歩き旅を続けてきました。東海道や中山道、日光街道など五街道、水戸街道などの脇街道、その他歴史的に重要な街道も訪ねています。宿場毎に写真付き紀行文でまとめてみました
- 道の歴史を考える頁
- 東海道を訪ねる旅 - Tokaido
- 中山道を訪ねる旅　- Nakasendo　
- 日光街道を訪ねる旅 - Nikko Kaido
- 奥州奥道中（白河以北の旅）- Oshi Kaido from Shirakawa up North
- 甲州街道を訪ねる旅 - Koshu Kaido
- 山陽（中国）街道を訪る旅 - Sanyo Kaido
- 脇街道や歴史的な古道を訪ねる旅 - wakikaido 脇街道 side road - kodo 古道 old Kaido 　
- source : kaidouarukitabi...

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気ままに街道歩き
- reference source : kimama.life.coocan... -
- quite a long list -

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県別に地図を掲載しています。
- reference source : uraken.net/chimei/old... -

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Books about Kaido at amazon com
- reference source : amazon com -

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6/16/2019

Kakigaracho Kamimakicho Chuo

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. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Kakigarachoo 蛎殻町 Kakigaracho, Kakigara district
Chuo ward, 蛎殻町一丁目 - 蛎殻町二丁目 first and second sub-district
Nihonbashi Kakigaracho 日本橋蛎殻町

In the Edo period, it was a place where the fishermen dried their nets and many oyster shells were lying on the ground.

In former times the area was part of 人形町 Ningyocho.
In 1878, three sub-districts of Kakigaracho were established.
In 1876, the beikoku torihikijo 米穀取引所 trade center for grain dealers was located here and together with 堂島 Dojima in Osaka it was the main trade center for rice dealers.
In 1939, all these centers in Japan were abolished.
On the remaining ground of this center a new trade center for grains was built, 東京穀物商品取引所.
In 2011, this center was closed and the atmosphere of the area has changed a lot.

kakigara 蛎殻 means "oyster shells".
. kaki 牡蠣 oyster .
a kigo for Haiku

. Suitenguu 水天宮 Suitengu Shrine of the Water God .
東京都中央区日本橋蛎殻町二丁目4番1号 Tokyo
Fuku-Taroo 福太郎　Fukutaro - The Lucky Kappa

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Kamimakichoo 上槇町 Kamimakicho, Upper Kamimaki district
Chuo ward, Kami-Makicho. Now, 中央区八重洲一丁目、日本橋三丁目 Yaesu first sub-district and Nihonbashi third sub-district

The word maki can refere to various kinds of trees of the family Podocarpaceae. This may be Podocarpus macrophyllus.

The district was abolished in 1928. It had a first and second sub-district.
It used to face the 入堀 Iribori moat.
Around 1700 half of its Western area was landfilled and the new space was called
中橋広小路 Nakabashi Hirokoji, Hirokoji for short.
Around 槇町 Makicho were other areas with this name, like 下槇町 Shimo-Makicho, 南槇町 Minami-Makicho, 北槇町 Kita-Mackicho and 冨槇町 Tomi-Makicho.
It might have been a place where lumber from the Maki tree was placed.

There lived also a lot of ishiku 石工 stone masons in the area, making gorintoo 五輪塔 stone pagodas. The area was therefore also called
Gorinchoo 五輪町 Gorincho district.

In 1868, it became part of the new Tokyo and in 1869, parts of 檜物町会所屋敷 Himonocho and 上槇町新道会所屋敷 Kamimakicho were merged.
In 1878, it became part of Nihonbashi.
In 1928, the name was abolished.

Shimomakichoo 下槇町 Shimomakicho, Lower Shimomaki district
The district was abolished in 1928. It had a first and second sub-district.
Now it is 中央区日本橋三丁目 Nihonbashi third sub-district.
In the Edo period it had two sub-districts.

In 1869, it was merged with 福島町 Fukushimacho to the North.
In 1878, it became part of Nihonbashi.

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Chuo ward 中央区

. Legends from Chuo ward .
Kakigaracho 蛎殻町
- kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 a fox legend

Kamimakicho 上槇町
- henshoku suru ishi 変色する石 stone changing color
- gennoo 玄能 a Genno hammer

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

. Edo, Tokyo　江戸 - 東京 - 伝説 Legends Index .

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6/14/2019

tenshukaku Edo castle tower

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .
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tenshukaku 天守閣 castle tower, castle keep
ooyagura 大櫓 big tower, turret
tenshudai 天守台

. Edo joo 江戸城 Edo-jo, Edojo, Edo Castle - Introduction .

Ieyasu built a very large and high castle tower, but his son Hidetada built a new one, and his grandson Iemitsu
had major remodeling and repair work done at the castle of Hidetada.
When this famous tower was burned down in the Meireki fire,
it was not rebuilt again, the money was instead used to rebuild the city of Edo.

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source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/merce_style...

Tokugawa Ieyasu 家康
1．慶長天守（1607 - 1623) - 16 years Keicho / Keichō tower
59 m high

The castle of Ieyasu was ment to withstand an attack from an enemy.
This tower could be seen from everywhere in Edo and was the pride of all citizens.
It was on the Western side of the 本丸 Honmaru palace.
The walls were white.

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source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/merce_style...

Tokugawa Hidetada 秀忠
2．元和天守 (1623 - 1638) - 15 years 　/ Genna tower
To protest against his father, Hidetada had the tower torn down and built a new one to the North of the Honmaru. The stone walls are still there today.
The building was meant to withstand earthquakes, the roof tiles from the first to the fifth floor were made from copper, which was much lighter than normal clay roof tiles.
The tiles slowly changed their color and turned green.
The walls where black.

Tokugawa Hidetada 徳川秀忠 (1579 – 1632)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Tokugawa Iemitsu 家光
3．寛永天守 (1638 - 1657) - 19 years - Kanei tower
44,8 m high (51,5 m from the bottom of the stone wall to the top of the shachihoko 鯱 decoration on the roof.)

Iemitsu wanted to make a castle tower in honor of his beloved grandfather, Ieyasu.
It is most probable that the carpenters only took off the outside materials of Hidetada's castle, left the interior and created a new outside.
On the fourth floor the tower had a karahafu 八方正面唐破風 gable on each side, a symbol of power.
The main entrance was to the West.
The stone wall supporting the tower was 36.5 m to the North-South side and 33 m to the East-West side. The height of the stone wall was 11 m.
The basement room of the tower had a size of about 446 square meters and served as a storage for the weapons.
The first floor had a size of about 1110 m, the floor size becoming smaller and was only 304 m on the fifth floor.
The walls were made of white plaster.

Iemitsu had ordered 7 大名 Daimyo lords, two for the stone base and one for each floor to pay for the expenses.
It was a great honor to be named as such.
天守台石垣は黒田忠之、浅野光晟、
天守一重は水野勝成、二重は永井尚政、三重は松井康重、四重は松平忠国、五重は永井直清.

source : wako226.exblog.jp...
江戸図屏風の寛永天守閣 Kanei Edo castle tower on a folding screen

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source : wako226.exblog.jp...

. Great Fire of Meireki 明暦の大火 - March 2–3, 1657 .

According to the wish of 会津藩士の保科正之 Hoshina Masayuki, Lord of the Aizu Domain and brother of Iemitsu,
the castle was not re-built, but the money was used to re-built the badly damaged city of Edo.
There would be no more war in the Tokugawa regime, so no more need for a castle.
The absence of a castle tower became the new "symbol" of Edo and the Tokugawa clan who reigned for many generations from 1603 to 1868.

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- quote -
Will Edo Castle's tower rise again?
A citizens' group aims to grace modern Tokyo with a medieval masterpiece lost to fire in 1657
... The group, called Edo-jo Saiken o Mezasu Kai (The Group to Aim for the Reconstruction of Edo Castle), was founded in 2004 by Naotaka Odake,
... tenshukaku donjon (main tower)
... The builder’s plan of the Kanei tower — archived at the Tokyo Metropolitan Library — is the only one left for any of Japan’s medieval castles, since in those times people were not in the habit of keeping a written record for reasons of security,
... Edo Castle’s tower was the highest and most spectacular one ever constructed in Japan. That was because one of its key purposes was to project the grandeur and authority of the Tokugawa Shogunate far and wide from this mighty city the feudal regime made its political capital.
“It was a symbol of peace. It helped to keep the nation from falling into chaos.”
- reference source : Japan Times 2010 -

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. . Edo-jō 江戸城 Edo jo, Edo Castle . .

Tokugawa Ieyasu 徳川家康 (1543 - 1616)

Tokugawa Iemitsu 徳川家光 (1604 – 1651)

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Fukui 福井県
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福井市 Fukui city

. Inari 稲荷と伝説 Legends about the Fox Deity .
The reason why the lord of the castle went crazy was the doing of a fox.
So they built a sanctuary for Inari to appease the deity. And dogs were not allowed to come inside the castle compound.
The fox lived near the well of the castle tower and often attacked the chicken in the castle compound, but he was always forgiven.

福井城 Fukui castle tower
Fukui Castle (福井城 Fukui-jō)
..... also known by the name of Kitanoshō Castle (北ノ庄城 Kitanoshō-jō),
..... In 1871, all of the remaining buildings of the castle, with the exception of the daimyō palace, were destroyed and many of the moats were filled in.
Plans of the castle tower were found later.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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坂井郡 Sakai district 丸岡町 Maruoka town

katame no hebi 片目の蛇 snake with one eye
When the castle of Maruoka was built, the carpenters wanted to use a hitobashira 人柱 "human pillar" offering for safety.
A man with only one eye offered himself and promised to always protect the lord of the castle when he was buried under the castle tower.
Now snakes in the compound all have only one eye for this reason.
When enemy armies came in great numbers to attack the castle, the snake blew kasumi 霞 thick mist and fog on them and they had to leave.
. hitobashira 人柱 "human pillar" - human sacrifice .

Maruoka Castle (丸岡城 Maruoka-jō)
It also called Kasumi-ga-jō (霞ヶ城 Mist Castle) due to the legend that whenever an enemy approaches the castle, a thick mist appears and hides it.
..... Maruoka Castle was constructed by Shibata Katsutoyo in 1576. .....
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

.................................................................................　Gifu 岐阜県
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大垣市 Ogaki city

. Ogaki castle and a Rokubu pilgrim legend .
The pilgrim became a human sacrifice.

Ōgaki Castle (大垣城 Ōgaki-jō)
Other names for the castle include Bi Castle (麇城 Bi-jō) and Kyoroku Castle (巨鹿城 Kyoroku-jō).
When the castle was originally built, it had four levels and four different kinds of moats. In the late 16th century, however, Toyotomi Hideyoshi realized the strategic location of the castle and further strengthened it by building the donjon. Due to the historical importance of the castle, including its role in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, the donjon was designated a National Treasure in 1936.
In 1945, the keep and the rest of the castle was destroyed during air raids in World War II; it was rebuilt in 1959. The current castle is a replica ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

.................................................................................　Hyogo 兵庫県
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姫路市 Himeji city

. Osakabe no kami おさかべの神 female deity (or Yokai monster) .
venerated in the top of the 天守閣 main castle tower.

Himeji Castle (姫路城 Himeji-jō)
... known as Hakuro-jō or Shirasagi-jō ("White Egret Castle" or "White Heron Castle")
... significantly remodeled in 1581 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who added a three-story castle keep with an area of about 55 m2.
... Himeji was heavily bombed in 1945, at the end of World War II, and although most of the surrounding area was burned to the ground, the castle survived intact.
... substantial repair work was undertaken starting in 1956 - the Shōwa Restoration (1956–1964) ...
... The main keep (大天守 daitenshu) ... three smaller subsidiary keeps (小天守 kotenshu) ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

.................................................................................　Kanagawa 神奈川県
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小田原市 Odawara city

. tai 鯛 sea bream .
Since olden times the lord of Odawara always made an offering of one sea bream when something auspicious had happened.
Once there were two sea breams, so maybe something auspicious for his retainers. Anyway, the lord ate one of them.
A few days later a messenger from the Bakufu government came and told him he was advanced to a high position.

Odawara Castle (小田原城 Odawara-jō)
The castle tower was remodelled from July 2015 until April 2016...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

.................................................................................　Nagano 長野県
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. 河童 Kappa the water goblin and 駒繋ぎ .
At the foot of the Matsumoto castle tower there was a remaining part of a cherry tree named 八幡太郎駒繋ぎ桜 Hachimantaro koma tsunagi sakura.
The Cherry tree where Hachimantaro bound his horse (before going into the river.)
There are other legends with a Kappa festival about a tree to bind a horse.

. Minamoto no Yoshiie Hachimantaro 源八幡太郎義家 / 源義家 . - (1039 - 1106)

Matsumoto Castle (松本城 Matsumoto-jō)
... The building is also known as the "Crow Castle" (烏城 Karasu-jō) due to its black exterior, because its black walls and roofs looked like spreading wings.
The keep (tenshukaku), which was completed in the late sixteenth century, maintains its original wooden interiors and external stonework. It is listed as a National Treasure of Japan.
... In 1872, following the Meiji Restoration, the site, along with many former daimyōs' castles, was sold at auction for redevelopment. When news broke that the keep was going to be demolished, however, an influential figure from Matsumoto, Ichikawa Ryōzō, along with residents from Matsumoto, started a campaign to save the building. Their efforts were rewarded when the tower was acquired by the city government.
... In the late Meiji period the keep started to lean to one side. An old picture clearly shows how the keep looked then. It was because of neglect coupled with a structural defect, but many people believed the tower leaned due to the curse of Tada Kasuke. He had been caught and executed for attempting to appeal unfair tax laws (Jōkyō uprising).
... A local high school principal, Kobayashi Unari, decided to renovate the castle and appealed for funds. The castle underwent "the great Meiji renovation" between 1903-1913. It underwent another renovation "the great Shōwa renovation" during the period 1950-1955.
In 1952 the keep, Inui-ko-tenshu (small northern tower), Watari-yagura (roofed passage), Tatsumi-tsuke-yagura (southern wing), and Tsukimi-yagura (moon-viewing room) were designated as national treasures.
... The second floor of the main keep features a gun museum, Teppo Gura, with a collection of guns, armor, and other weapons.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

................................................................................. Osaka 大阪府
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大阪市 Osaka city

. Oonyuudoo 大入道 O-Nyudo Monster .
At the tail of the shachihoko 鯱 / 鯱鉾 fish-like decoration on the roof of the newly built castle tower there was black smoke coming out, which soon formed into the shape of the O-Nyudo Monster.
In former times, during natsu no jin 夏の陣 the summer battle there was black smoke indicating a curse of 秀頼と淀殿 Hideyori and his mother, Yodo Dono.
They say in reality it was a swarm of hanemushi 羽虫 featherworms during the daytime and in the evening a group of koomori 蝙蝠 bats.

. Shachihoko 鯱（しゃちほこ）roof decoration .

Osaka Castle (大坂城 or 大阪城, Ōsaka-jō)
The main tower of Osaka Castle is situated on a plot of land roughly one square kilometer. ... The central castle building is five stories on the outside and eight stories on the inside, and built atop a tall stone foundation to protect its occupants from attackers.
... During the summer of 1615 ... Osaka Castle fell to the Tokugawa clan, the Toyotomi clan perished, and the castle buildings burned to the ground.
In 1620, the new heir to the shogunate, Tokugawa Hidetada, began to reconstruct and re-arm Osaka Castle. He built a new elevated main tower, five stories on the outside and eight stories on the inside, and assigned the task of constructing new walls to individual samurai clans. ... Construction of the 5 story tenshu started in 1628 and was completed 2 years later,
... In 1665, lightning struck and burnt down the tenshu.
... In 1995, Osaka's government approved yet another restoration project, with the intent of restoring the main tower to its Edo-era splendor. In 1997, restoration was completed.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
天守 / 天守閣 OK
25 櫓 (01)

. Shiro - Japanese Castle Legends　お城と伝説　 .

. Edo, Tokyo　江戸 - 東京 - 伝説 Legends Index .

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- reference -
More photos and illustrations:
reference source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/merce_style...

- reference source : wako226.exblog.jp... -

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #edocastle #tenshukaku #castlekeep #keep #schlossturm - - - -
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6/12/2019

kaido highway roads

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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. Kaido: The Ancient Highways of Japan 日本の街道 .
- Introduction -

. shukuba 宿場　post station, postal station along the highways .

--- Old highways, ancient highways
古街道 Ko Kaido / 旧街道 Kyu Kaido / kodoo 古道 old road
日本の古代道路
- reference source : rekkodan... -

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Edo Gokaidoo 江戸五街道 Gokaidō - five highways starting from Edo

. Koshu Kaido 甲州街道 Kōshū Kaidō .
from Edo via Kofu to Suwa
- - -
. Koshu Ura Kaido 甲州裏街道 Koshu Back Road .
starting from Oome, Ōme 青梅 / おうめ Ome town

. Nakasendoo 中山道 / 中仙道 Nakasendo Kaidō .
from Edo to Kyoto, via the mountains

. Nikkoo Kaidoo 日光街道 Nikko Kaidō .
日光例幣使街道 Nikko Reiheishi Kaido - To Nikko Toshogu grave of Tokugawa Ieyasu
御成道 Onarimichi Onari Michi for the Shogun only

. Oshu Kaido 奥州街道 Ōshū Kaidō .
connecting Edo with the Mutsu Province in Tohoku.

. Tokaido 53 Stations 東海道五十三次 Tōkaidō 　
from Edo to Kyoto

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santo 三都（さんと） Santo "three capitals"
江戸 Edo, 大坂 Osaka and 京都 Kyoto - connected by land and sea for the transport of goods and people
中世の日本三大都市 three capitals in the Middle ages :
京 Kyoto, 鎌倉 Kamakura and 奈良 Nara.

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川越街道 Kawagoe Kaido Highway

- - - - - Stations along the highway
板橋宿（東京都板橋区）：Itabashi 現在の平尾交番付近。
上板橋宿（東京都板橋区）：Kami-Itabashi 豊敬稲荷神社に板橋区教育委員会の設置した板橋宿の碑がある。
下練馬宿（東京都練馬区）：Shimo-Nerima 浅間神社に練馬区教育委員会の設置した下練馬宿の碑がある。
- in Saitama:
白子宿（埼玉県和光市）：Shirako 現在の白子郵便局付近。
膝折宿（埼玉県朝霞市）：Hizaori 現在の膝折宿町内会館付近。
大和田宿（埼玉県新座市）：Owada 鬼鹿毛の馬頭観音に新座市教育委員会の設置した大和田宿の碑がある。
大井宿（埼玉県ふじみ野市）：Oi 現在の「大井中宿」バス停付近。
川越宿（埼玉県川越市）：Kawagoe 城下町であるが、川越の商人町である上五ヶ町の1つ「高澤町」Takazawa machi（たかざわまち）から北の一帯に旅籠が多かった。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Kawagoe matsuri 川越祭り Kawagoe Festival .
and 川越だるま Kawagoe Daruma san

- quote -
From Edo to today--why not take a trip through the course of time?
Kawagoe, a key location in the north of Edo (former name of Tokyo), developed as a castle town of the Kawagoe clan.
Connected to Edo by the Shingashigawa River and the Kawagoe Kaido Road, people and cargo continuously came and went, and the entire town bustled with a spirit of enthusiasm. Thus Kawagoe had deep financial and cultural connections to Edo, which led to it being called by the endearing name 小江戸Koedo, meaning "a little Edo".
Even into the Meiji Period, it was the premier merchant city of Saitama Prefecture, and it flourished as a logistic hub for grain and was known for the production of fabrics such as Tozan (pinstriped cotton fabric).
It is said, "There are many little Tokyo's in the world but Kawagoe is the only Koedo".
However, the vestiges of Edo are not the only things which remain in Kawagoe. Following the war, the center of the prefecture became Saitama City which meant there was no large-scale development and the streets of the Edo Period （1600～1867）, Meiji Period（1868～1912）, Taisho Period （1912～1926）, and Showa Period （1926～1989） are left behind like the tracks of time.
In Kawagoe you'll see merchant houses, which carry the feeling of Edo, the Western modernization with the romantic aroma of Taisho, the elegance remaining in the downtown Showa alleys, and the new Kawagoe lined with department stores and station buildings. Taking a walk through Kawagoe lets you meet Japan from various time periods.
30 minutes from Tokyo by train. You'll be able to see the traditional and authentic side of Japan in Kawagoe which can't be seen in Tokyo.
- source : koedo.or.jp/foreign... -

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日本の街道歴史を巡る！
１章　一生に一度は行きたい街道
２章　祈りの道
３章　庶民の道
４章　戦いの道
５章　街道の基礎知識
source : amazon com

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. kaidoo 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .
Don't miss the foxes, Tanuki and other spooks along the highways !

. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .

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6/11/2019

Jonan area Shinagawa

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .
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Joonan 城南 Jonan, south of the castle
and
Joohoku 城北 Johoku, north of the castle
Joosai 城西 Josai, west of the castle

. Edo joo 江戸城 Edo Castle .
- Introduction -

- quote -
The Jonan Gozan (go= five, zan= mountain) 城南五山　
is a term used to define the 5 hilltop areas in the Jonan (Jo= castle, nan= south) district of Tokyo - the area from Meguro Station to Shinagawa Station.

The 5 mountains are respectively:
花房山 Hanabusayama, 池田山 Ikedayama, 島津山 Shimazuyama, 御殿山 Gotenyama and 八ツ山 Yatsuyama.

Each name derives from the name of a venerable Daimyo or celebrity from a Daimyo family whose residence had been located there since the Edo Era. These areas are all currently well-known high class residential areas and as a whole, the Jonan Gozan is regarded very highly within central Tokyo.

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花房山 Hanabusayama
--- the villa of the Viscount Hanabusa, who was a famous diplomat and successively the president of the Japanese Red Cross Society.

- quote -
Hanabusa Yoshitada 花房義質 (1842 - 1917)
Hanabusa was the eldest son of Hanabusa Tanren, a samurai retainer of Okayama Domain and the first mayor of the city of Okayama,...
... In July 1887, Hanabusa was made a councilor to the Imperial Household Ministry. In 1900, he was accorded the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system.
In September 1907, his rank was elevated to Viscount (shishaku).
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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池田山 Ikedayama
--- the shimoyashiki 下屋敷 suburban residence of the 池田氏 Ikeda clan of the Bizen, Okayama.
Now an expensive residential area.

Ikedayama koen 池田山公園　Ikedayama Park
5 Chome-4-３５ Higashigotanda, Shinagawa City
Part of the former Ikeda residence. Public park since 1985. It tires to keep the atmosphere of the Edo period.
A tranquil park featuring lush greenery and flowers, plus a fish pond and an elevated terrain with views.

- quote -
Ikeda clan (池田氏 Ikeda-shi)
was a Japanese clan that claimed descent from the Seiwa Genji. In the Edo period, several of the clan's branches were daimyō families, most notably of the Tottori Domain and Okayama Domain. Takamasa Ikeda, former head of the Okayama Ikeda house was the husband of Atsuko Ikeda, fourth daughter of Emperor Shōwa.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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島津山 Shimazuyama
--- the suburban residence of the Sendai Date Clan with its land of 75,000 square meters.
In the Meiji Era the former lord of Kagoshima Clan, Prince Shimazu, purchased the area of land and built an English-style house there as a private residence.

- quote -
The Shimazu clan (島津氏 Shimazu-shi)
were the daimyō of the Satsuma han, which spread over Satsuma, Ōsumi and Hyūga provinces in Japan.
The Shimazu were identified as one of the tozama or outsider daimyō families in contrast with the fudai or insider clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan.
- History
The Shimazu were descendants of the Seiwa Genji branch of the Minamoto. The Shimazu would become one of the families of Edo period daimyō to have held their territory continuously since the Kamakura period, and would also become, at their peak, the wealthiest and most powerful Tozama daimyō family with an income in excess of 700,000 koku.
I. Shimazu Iehisa, 1st Lord of Satsuma (cr. 1601) (1576-1638; r. 1601-1638)
II. Mitsuhisa, 2nd Lord of Satsuma (1616-1695; r. 1638-1687)
- snip -
X. Narioki, 10th Lord of Satsuma (1791-1858; r. 1809-1851)
XI. Nariakira, 11th Lord of Satsuma (1809-1858; r. 1851-1858)
Tadayoshi, 12th Lord of Satsuma, 1st Prince Shimazu (1840-1897; r. 1858-1869, Governor of Kagoshima 1869-1871, created 1st Prince 1884)
Nobuhisa, 15th family head (1938-; 15th family head 1996- )
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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御殿山 Gotenyama
--- Shinagawa Goten was built by the Shogun Ieyasu Tokugawa.
Later Shogun Yoshimune had many cherry trees planted and it became a famous place for cherry blossom viewing.

御殿山　The Gotenyama

御殿山花見之図 Hanami at Gotenyama
広重 Utagawa Hiroshige

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Gotenyama Garden
“Gotenyama Garden” is a walking spot featuring an abundance of nature and located within Gotenyama Trust City.
Here, the trees lined up along the walking paths show you the faces of each of the four seasons. That, together with the rich waters of ponds and waterfalls, makes for a spot that offers visitors a comforting time.
he Gotenyama Garden, which is located on the south side of Tokyo Marriott Hotel, is a Japanese garden that conveys to those in the present the lingering flavor of days past, when Gotenyama was a notable spot for cherry blossoms during the Edo era. On spacious grounds consisting of about 6,800 square meters, there is the tea house “Ujian” designed by architect Arata Isozaki, as well as “The Forest Chapel” of Tokyo Marriott Hotel. These color the events at Gotenyama with all the four seasons.
- The main feature is none other than the abundant nature. In the spring, there are the plum blossoms and the cherry blossoms, with summer bringing out the hydrangea and pyrus flowers. In the autumn, one will see maple leaves and gingko and in the winter, camellia hiemalis flowers. In the months of March through to May, the taraxacum albidum (white dandelion, which is rare in Eastern Japan) can be found at its best; this particular flower is a hidden treasure of popularity, whose lily shape becomes the talk of the town.
- The colors and aromas of the seasonal flowers, the soft touch of the earth and leaves, the sounds of chirping insects and the wind…This environment is one that will have you taking relaxing deep breaths. It is a spot that will have you enjoying nature with all five senses, right here in the city.
- source : trustcity-g.com/en... -
Gotenyama Park / 7 Chome-21-7 Aoto, Katsushika City

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八ツ山 Yatsuyama
---mansions of eight (yatsu= eight) feudal lords in the area, now 高輪“Takanawa".

品川八ツ山下 Shinagawa Yatsuyama Shita
豊国 Toyokuni (1863)

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Yatsuyama 大日山 Dainichisan
A hill that was at the northernmost tip of Shinagawa-shuku Station.
In the "Edo Sunago" published in 1772, the origin of the name was said to be that previously there were
"8 headlands here" or there where "the residences of 8 Daimyo (feudal lords)".
In addition, it was also called "Mt. Dainichisan" because in 1700 there was a 大日堂 Dainichi-do Hall on this land.
At the coast at the base, there were moorings for ships of approximately 18m both length and width which were used by travelers and visitors. The land from this hill was used in engineering and construction works such as the building of stone walls for the seashore area about the bottom of Yatsuyama, and recovery from flowing of the Megurogawa River, so today the hill is mostly flat.
- source : National Diet Library -

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Illustration of a Steam Locomotive on the Yatsuyamashita Shore

Yatsuyamashita refers to Takanawa Yatsuyama and is the present location of Shinagawa Station.
We are given an idea of how the place looked at the time – apart from Kosenkyō Bridge and Yatsuyama Bridge, the first to cross Tōkaidō, the right hand of the screen also depicts foreigners in western dress and rickshaws that were coming into use at that time.
The plan to lay down rail by reclaiming the coastline was suggested in 1869 (Meiji 2) as the coast of Takanawa was at that time a wide, shallow beach. There were naturally many voices raised in opposition against this plan. The opposition came from groups who fished in the sea of Takanawa and Shinagawa and groups who traded along the Tokaido line.
This area was a place where fishing and seaweed cultivation had thrived since the Edo period. Additionally, due to the fact that the area around Yatsuyama was also a bustling street lined with fishmongers and tea houses, the Meiji Government offered these groups financial compensation, and finally the line was laid down. The opening of the connection also brought about a range of problems for the people in the area.
- source : National Diet Library -

. Takanawa district 高輪, Takanawadai 高輪台 .
Minato ward

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閑静な住宅地が広がる城西・城南地区
- reference source : sumaino.co.jp... -

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Joohoku 城北 Johoku, north of the castle
An area in the form of a handfan.

Including the five wards of
足立区 Adachi, 荒川区 Arakawa, 板橋区 Itabashi, 北区 Kita and 豊島区 Toshima.

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Jōhoku-Chūō Park 城北中央公園 Jōhoku-Chūō Kōen
a public park that straddles the Nerima and Itabashi wards of Tokyo in Japan.
The western half of the park lies in Nerima Ward, while the eastern half is in Itabashi Ward.
The park opened on 1 April 1957.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Joosai 城西 Josai, west of the castle
including Setagaya, Nakano, Suginami and Nerima

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Josai area
This area is one of the metropolis’ leading residential districts, and it also has good access to the city center and sub-center area. It has a large population, with Setagaya Ward and Nerima Ward ranking first and second place, respectively, among all the municipalities of Tokyo. The population growth of Setagaya Ward ranks second in Tokyo, following that of Koto Ward.
- source : ilsc.tokyo/eng/region/josai... -

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- source : realestate-tokyo.com ...

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腹あしき僧も餅食へ城南祭
hara ashiki zoo mo mochi tabe Joonan sai

Yosa Buson 蕪村

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祭すみし城南宮の落葉かな
sai sumishi Jonanguu no ochiba kana

Igarashi Bansui 五十嵐播水 (1899-1920)

Jonan-Gu, Jonangu Kyoto, Fushimi Ward

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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